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Article ; Online: A Review of Eigenmode and Frequency Control in Piezoelectric MEMS Resonators.

Liu, Zhenming / Ayazi, Farrokh

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control

2023 Volume 70, Issue 10, Page(s) 1172–1188

Abstract: Piezoelectric microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators possess favorable properties, such as strong electromechanical coupling, high Q , and polarized linear transduction, making them ideal for various applications, including timing, sensing, and ...

Abstract	Piezoelectric microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators possess favorable properties, such as strong electromechanical coupling, high Q , and polarized linear transduction, making them ideal for various applications, including timing, sensing, and RF communication. However, due to process nonidealities and temperature variations, these resonators characteristics may deviate from their designed frequency and resonant eigenmode, requiring careful compensation for stable and precise operation. Furthermore, certain devices, such as gyroscopic resonators, have two eigenmodes that need to be adjusted for frequency proximity and cross-mode coupling. Therefore, mode-shape manipulation can also be important in piezoelectric resonators and will be another focus of this article. Techniques for frequency and eigenmode control are classified into device- or system-level tuning, trimming, and compensation. This article will compare and discuss the effectiveness of these techniques in specific applications to provide a comprehensive understanding of frequency and eigenmode control in piezoelectric MEMS resonators, aiding the development of advanced MEMS devices for diverse applications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1525-8955
ISSN (online)	1525-8955
DOI	10.1109/TUFFC.2023.3285084
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Multi-coefficient eigenmode operation-breaking through 10°/h open-loop bias instability in wideband aluminum nitride piezoelectric BAW gyroscopes.

Liu, Zhenming / Wen, Haoran / Ayazi, Farrokh

Microsystems & nanoengineering

2023 Volume 9, Page(s) 18

Abstract: In this paper, a modification to the eigenmode operation of resonant gyroscopes is introduced. The multi-coefficient eigenmode operation can improve cross-mode isolation due to electrode misalignments and imperfections, which is one of the causes of ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, a modification to the eigenmode operation of resonant gyroscopes is introduced. The multi-coefficient eigenmode operation can improve cross-mode isolation due to electrode misalignments and imperfections, which is one of the causes of residual quadrature errors in conventional eigenmode operations. A 1400 µm annulus aluminum nitride (AlN) on a silicon bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator with gyroscopic in-plane bending modes at 2.98 MHz achieves a nearly 60 dB cross-mode isolation when operated as a gyroscope using a multi-coefficient eigenmode architecture. The as-born frequency mismatches in multiple devices are compensated by physical laser trimming. The demonstrated AlN piezoelectric BAW gyroscope shows a large open-loop bandwidth of 150 Hz and a high scale factor of 9.5 nA/°/s on a test board with a vacuum chamber. The measured angle random walk is 0.145°/√h, and the bias instability is 8.6°/h, showing significant improvement compared to the previous eigenmode AlN BAW gyroscope. The results from this paper prove that with multi-coefficient eigenmode operations, piezoelectric AlN BAW gyroscopes can achieve a noise performance comparable to that of their capacitive counterpart while having the unique advantage of a large open-loop bandwidth and not requiring large DC polarization voltages.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2055-7434
ISSN (online)	2055-7434
DOI	10.1038/s41378-023-00486-3
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Article ; Online: 4H-Silicon Carbide as an Acoustic Material for MEMS.

Long, Yaoyao / Liu, Zhenming / Ayazi, Farrokh

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control

2023 Volume 70, Issue 10, Page(s) 1189–1200

Abstract: This article discusses the potential of 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) as a superior acoustic material for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), particularly for high-performance resonator and extreme environments applications. Through a comparison of the ... ...

Abstract	This article discusses the potential of 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) as a superior acoustic material for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), particularly for high-performance resonator and extreme environments applications. Through a comparison of the crystalline structure along with the mechanical, acoustic, electrical, and thermal properties of 4H with respect to other SiC polytypes and silicon, it is shown that 4H-SiC possesses salient properties for MEMS applications, including its transverse isotropy and small phonon scattering dissipation. The utility and implementation of bonded SiC on insulator (4H-SiCOI) substrates as an emerging MEMS technology platform are presented. Additionally, this article reports on the temperature-dependent mechanical properties of 4H-SiC, including the temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) and quality factor ( Q -factor) for Lamé mode resonators. Finally, the 4H-SiC MEMS fabrication including its deep reactive ion etching is discussed. This article provides valuable insights into the potential of 4H-SiC as a mechanoacoustic material and provides a foundation for future research in the field.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1525-8955
ISSN (online)	1525-8955
DOI	10.1109/TUFFC.2023.3282920
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Article ; Online: Plug-in Models: A Promising Direction for Molecular Generation.

Liu, Ningfeng / Jin, Hongwei / Zhang, Liangren / Liu, Zhenming

Health data science

2023 Volume 3, Page(s) 92

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2765-8783
ISSN (online)	2765-8783
DOI	10.34133/hds.0092
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Article ; Online: Recent progress of surface plasmon resonance in the development of coronavirus disease-2019 drug candidates.

Wang, Qian / Liu, Zhenming

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports

2021 Volume 1, Page(s) 100003

Abstract: At the end of 2019, the new coronavirus caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) suddenly raged, bringing a severe public health crisis to the world. It is urgent to discover suitable drugs and treatment regimens against ... ...

Abstract	At the end of 2019, the new coronavirus caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) suddenly raged, bringing a severe public health crisis to the world. It is urgent to discover suitable drugs and treatment regimens against this coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related diseases. Based on the previous knowledge and experience in treating similar diseases, researchers have come up with hundreds of possible drug candidates in the shortest possible time. Based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology, this review summarized the application of SPR technology in COVID-19 research from four aspects: the invasion mode of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells, antibody drug candidates for the treatment of COVID-19, small molecule drug repurposing and vaccines for COVID-19. SPR technology has gradually become a powerful tool to study the interaction between drugs and targets due to its high efficiency, automation, labeling-free and high data resolution. The use of SPR technology can not only obtain the affinity data between drugs and targets, but also clarify the binding sites and mechanisms of drugs. We hope that this review can provide a reference for the subsequent application of SPR technology in antiviral drug development.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-28
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2772-4174
ISSN (online)	2772-4174
DOI	10.1016/j.ejmcr.2021.100003
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Article ; Online: Exploring Chemical Reaction Space with Machine Learning Models: Representation and Feature Perspective.

Ding, Yuheng / Qiang, Bo / Chen, Qixuan / Liu, Yiqiao / Zhang, Liangren / Liu, Zhenming

Journal of chemical information and modeling

2024 Volume 64, Issue 8, Page(s) 2955–2970

Abstract: Chemical reactions serve as foundational building blocks for organic chemistry and drug design. In the era of large AI models, data-driven approaches have emerged to innovate the design of novel reactions, optimize existing ones for higher yields, and ... ...

Abstract	Chemical reactions serve as foundational building blocks for organic chemistry and drug design. In the era of large AI models, data-driven approaches have emerged to innovate the design of novel reactions, optimize existing ones for higher yields, and discover new pathways for synthesizing chemical structures comprehensively. To effectively address these challenges with machine learning models, it is imperative to derive robust and informative representations or engage in feature engineering using extensive data sets of reactions. This work aims to provide a comprehensive review of established reaction featurization approaches, offering insights into the selection of representations and the design of features for a wide array of tasks. The advantages and limitations of employing SMILES, molecular fingerprints, molecular graphs, and physics-based properties are meticulously elaborated. Solutions to bridge the gap between different representations will also be critically evaluated. Additionally, we introduce a new frontier in chemical reaction pretraining, holding promise as an innovative yet unexplored avenue.
MeSH term(s)	Machine Learning ; Models, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	190019-5
ISSN	1549-960X ; 0095-2338
ISSN (online)	1549-960X
ISSN	0095-2338
DOI	10.1021/acs.jcim.4c00004
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Zs.A 1230: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Current Trends and Challenges in Drug-Likeness Prediction: Are They Generalizable and Interpretable?

Zhu, Wenyu / Wang, Yanxing / Niu, Yan / Zhang, Liangren / Liu, Zhenming

Health data science

2023 Volume 3, Page(s) 98

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Importance
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2765-8783
ISSN (online)	2765-8783
DOI	10.34133/hds.0098
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Article: Study of the Influencing Factors on the Small-Quantity Fuel Injection of Piezoelectric Injector.

Liu, Zhenming / Liu, Nan / Liu, Jingbin

Micromachines

2022 Volume 13, Issue 5

Abstract: The piezoelectric injection-system provides a reliable approach for precise small-quantity fuel injection due to its fast, dynamic response. Considering the nonlinearity of a piezoelectric actuator, the complete electro-mechanical-hydraulic model of the ... ...

Abstract	The piezoelectric injection-system provides a reliable approach for precise small-quantity fuel injection due to its fast, dynamic response. Considering the nonlinearity of a piezoelectric actuator, the complete electro-mechanical-hydraulic model of the piezoelectric injector was established and verified experimentally, which showed that it could accurately predict the fuel injection quantity. The small-quantity fuel injection with different driving voltages, pulse widths, and rail pressures was analyzed. The effects of key structural parameters of the injector on the delivery, control-chamber pressure fluctuation, and small-quantity injection characteristics were studied. The results show that the linearity of the curve of the injection volume with the pulse width was relatively poor, and there was a significant inflection point when the piezoelectric injector worked in the small pulse width region (PW < 0.6 ms). The bypass valve significantly accelerated the establishment of the control-chamber pressure, reduced the pressure fluctuation in the chamber, shortened the closing delay and duration of the needle valve, and reduced the rate of the fuel-quantity change so that it provided a greater control margin for the pulse width over the same fuel volume change interval. Under the condition of a small-quantity fuel injection of 20 mm3, decreasing the inlet orifice diameter and increasing the outlet orifice diameter shortened the minimum control pulse width and fuel injection duration required for the injector injection, which is beneficial for multiple and small-quantity fuel injection. However, these behaviors reduce the control margin for the pulse width, especially in small pulse width regions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2620864-7
ISSN	2072-666X
ISSN	2072-666X
DOI	10.3390/mi13050813
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Article ; Online: Establishment of inhibitor screening and validation system for tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase using surface plasmon resonance.

Wang, Qian / Zhu, Guiwang / Liu, Zhenming

Analytical biochemistry

2021 Volume 623, Page(s) 114183

Abstract: With the increase in throughput and sensitivity, biophysical technology has become a major component of the early drug discovery phase. Surface plasmon resonance technology (SPR) is one of the most widely used biophysical technologies. It has the ... ...

Abstract	With the increase in throughput and sensitivity, biophysical technology has become a major component of the early drug discovery phase. Surface plasmon resonance technology (SPR) is one of the most widely used biophysical technologies. It has the advantages of circumventing labeling, molecular weight limitations, and neglect of low affinity interactions, etc., and provides a robust platform for hit to lead discovery and optimization. Here, we successfully established a reliable and repeatable tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase (TrpRS) SPR high-throughput screening and validation system by optimizing the TrpRS tag, TrpRS immobilization methodology, and the buffer conditions. When TrpRS was immobilized on Streptavidin (SA) sensor chip, the substrate competitive inhibitor indolmycin exhibited the best binding affinity in HBS-P (10 mM HEPES, 150 mM NaCl, 0.05% surfactant P-20, pH 7.4), 1 mM ATP and MgCl
MeSH term(s)	Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry ; Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism ; High-Throughput Screening Assays/methods ; Indoles/chemistry ; Indoles/metabolism ; Streptavidin/chemistry ; Surface Plasmon Resonance/methods ; Tryptophan/chemistry ; Tryptophan/metabolism ; Tryptophan-tRNA Ligase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Tryptophan-tRNA Ligase/chemistry ; Tryptophan-tRNA Ligase/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Enzyme Inhibitors ; Indoles ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX) ; Streptavidin (9013-20-1) ; Tryptophan-tRNA Ligase (EC 6.1.1.2) ; indolmycin (ZMC93U2C8P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	1110-1
ISSN	1096-0309 ; 0003-2697
ISSN (online)	1096-0309
ISSN	0003-2697
DOI	10.1016/j.ab.2021.114183
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Zs.A 389: Show issues

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bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Discovery of novel and selective farnesoid X receptor antagonists through structure-based virtual screening, preliminary structure-activity relationship study, and biological evaluation.

Dou, Xiaodong / Huo, Tongyu / Liu, Yameng / Pang, Zichen / Su, Lingyu / Zhao, Xinyi / Peng, Xing / Liu, Zhenming / Zhang, Liangren / Jiao, Ning

European journal of medicinal chemistry

2024 Volume 269, Page(s) 116323

Abstract: Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acids receptor and plays a crucial role in regulating bile acids, lipids, and glucose metabolism. Previous research suggests that inhibiting FXR activation can be beneficial in reducing cholesterol and low-density ... ...

Abstract	Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acids receptor and plays a crucial role in regulating bile acids, lipids, and glucose metabolism. Previous research suggests that inhibiting FXR activation can be beneficial in reducing cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, offering potential treatment options for metabolic syndrome with lipid disorders. Herein, we report p-acetylaminobenzene sulfonate derivatives as a novel scaffold of FXR antagonists by multistage screening. Among these derivatives, compound F44-A13 exhibited a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 1.1 μM. Furthermore, compound F44-A13 demonstrated effective inhibition of FXR activation in cellular assays and exhibited high selectivity over eleven other nuclear receptors. Besides, compound F44-A13 significantly suppressed the regulation of FXR target genes Shp, Besp, and Cyp7a1, while reducing cholesterol levels in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Pharmacological studies conducted on C57BL/6 mice further confirmed that compound F44-A13 had beneficial effects in reducing cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C levels. These findings highlight that F44-A13 is a highly selective FXR antagonist that might serve as a useful molecule for further FXR studies as well as the development of FXR antagonists for the potential treatment of metabolic diseases with lipid disorders.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Humans ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Bile Acids and Salts/pharmacology ; Liver/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Cholesterol, LDL ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Bile Acids and Salts
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-18
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	188597-2
ISSN	1768-3254 ; 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
ISSN (online)	1768-3254
ISSN	0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
DOI	10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116323
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Zs.B 784: Show issues

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