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Article: Licochalcone B, a Natural Autophagic Agent for Alleviating Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death in Neuronal Cells and

Qu, Liqun / Wu, Jianhui / Tang, Yong / Yun, Xiaoyun / Lo, Hang Hong / Yu, Lu / Li, Wenhua / Wu, Anguo / Law, Betty Yuen Kwan

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 15, Issue 9

Abstract: Autophagy has been implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disorders. Licochalcone B (LCB), a chalcone ... ...

Abstract	Autophagy has been implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disorders. Licochalcone B (LCB), a chalcone from
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2193542-7
ISSN	1424-8247
ISSN	1424-8247
DOI	10.3390/ph15091052
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Article ; Online: Current pharmacological intervention and development of targeting IVIG resistance in Kawasaki disease.

Zhang, Rui Long / Lo, Hang Hong / Lei, Cheng / Ip, Nikki / Chen, Juan / Law, Betty Yuen-Kwan

Current opinion in pharmacology

2020 Volume 54, Page(s) 72–81

Abstract: Kawasaki disease is an acute childhood self-limited vasculitis, causing the swelling or inflammation of medium-sized arteries, eventually leading to cardiovascular problems such as coronary artery aneurysms. Acetylsalicylic acid combined with intravenous ...

Abstract	Kawasaki disease is an acute childhood self-limited vasculitis, causing the swelling or inflammation of medium-sized arteries, eventually leading to cardiovascular problems such as coronary artery aneurysms. Acetylsalicylic acid combined with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the standard treatment of Kawasaki disease (KD). However, a rising number of IVIG resistant cases were reported with severe disease complications such as the KD Shock Syndrome or KD-Macrophage activation syndrome. Recent reports have depicted the overlapped number of children with SARS-CoV-2 and KD, which was called multisystem inflammatory syndrome. Simultaneously, the incidence rate of KD-like diseases are increased after the outbreak of COVID-19, suggesting the virus may be associated with KD. New intervention is important to overcome the problem of IVIG treatment resistance. This review aims to introduce the current pharmacological intervention and possible resistance genes for the discovery of new drug for IVIG resistant KD.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/genetics ; COVID-19/virology ; Comorbidity ; Drug Resistance/genetics ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/drug therapy ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/epidemiology ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/genetics ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/virology ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2037057-X
ISSN	1471-4973 ; 1471-4892
ISSN (online)	1471-4973
ISSN	1471-4892
DOI	10.1016/j.coph.2020.08.008
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Article ; Online: Natural small-molecules reverse Xeroderma Pigmentosum Complementation Group C (XPC) deficient-mediated drug-resistance in renal cell carcinoma.

Chen, Ruihong / Lo, Hang Hong / Yang, Chenxu / Law, Betty Yuen Kwan / Chen, Xi / Lam, Calista Chi In / Ho, Charles / Cheong, Hio Lam / Li, Qianzi / Zhong, Chenyu / Ng, Jerome Pak Lam / Peter, Cheung Kam Fai / Wong, Vincent Kam Wai

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

2023 Volume 124, Page(s) 155310

Abstract: Background: Renal cancer is insensitive to radiotherapy or most chemotherapies. While the loss of the XPC gene was correlated with drug resistance in colon cancer, the expression of XPC and its role in the drug resistance of renal cancer have not yet ... ...

Abstract	Background: Renal cancer is insensitive to radiotherapy or most chemotherapies. While the loss of the XPC gene was correlated with drug resistance in colon cancer, the expression of XPC and its role in the drug resistance of renal cancer have not yet been elucidated. With the fact that natural small-molecules have been adopted in combinational therapy with classical chemotherapeutic agents to increase the drug sensitivity and reduce adverse effects, the use of herbal compounds to tackle drug-resistance in renal cancer is advocated. Purpose: To correlate the role of XPC gene deficiency to drug-resistance in renal cancer, and to identify natural small-molecules that can reverse drug-resistance in renal cancer via up-regulation of XPC. Methods: IHC was adopted to analyze the XPC expression in human tumor and adjacent tissues. Clinical data extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were further analysed to determine the relationship between XPC gene expression and tumor staging of renal cancer. Two types of XPC-KD renal cancer cell models were established to investigate the drug-resistant phenotype and screen XPC gene enhancers from 134 natural small-molecules derived from herbal plants. Furthermore, the identified XPC enhancers were verified in single or in combination with FDA-approved chemotherapy drugs for reversing drug-resistance in renal cancer using MTT cytotoxicity assay. Drug resistance gene profiling, ROS detection assay, immunocytochemistry and cell live-dead imaging assay were adopted to characterize the XPC-related drug resistant mechanism. Results: XPC gene expression was significantly reduced in renal cancer tissue compared with its adjacent tissue. Clinical analysis of TCGA database also identified the downregulated level of XPC gene in renal tumor tissue of stage IV patients with cancer metastasis, which was also correlated with their lower survival rate. 6 natural small-molecules derived from herbal plants including tectorigenin, pinostilbene, d-pinitol, polygalasaponin F, atractylenolide III and astragaloside II significantly enhanced XPC expression in two renal cancer cell types. Combinational treatment of the identified natural compound with the treatment of FDA-approved drug, further confirmed the up-regulation of XPC gene expression can sensitize the two types of XPC-KD drug-resistant renal cancer cells towards the FDA-approved drugs. Mechanistic study confirmed that GSTP1/ROS axis was activated in drug resistant XPC-KD renal cancer cells. Conclusion: XPC gene deficiency was identified in patient renal tumor samples, and knockdown of the XPC gene was correlated with a drug-resistant phenotype in renal cancer cells via activation of the GSTP1/ROS axis. The 6 identified natural small molecules were confirmed to have drug sensitizing effects via upregulation of the XPC gene. Therefore, the identified active natural small molecules may work as an adjuvant therapy for circumventing the drug-resistant phenotype in renal cancer via enhancement of XPC expression.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Kidney Neoplasms/genetics ; Drug Resistance
Chemical Substances	DNA-Binding Proteins ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; XPC protein, human (156533-34-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-20
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1205240-1
ISSN	1618-095X ; 0944-7113
ISSN (online)	1618-095X
ISSN	0944-7113
DOI	10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155310
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Article ; Online: Tricin promoted ATG-7 dependent autophagic degradation of α-synuclein and dopamine release for improving cognitive and motor deficits in Parkinson's disease.

Wang, Xingxia / Hu, Wei / Qu, Liqun / Wang, Jian / Wu, Anguo / Lo, Hang Hong / Ng, Jerome P L / Tang, Yong / Yun, Xiaoyun / Wu, Jianhui / Wong, Vincent Kam Wai / Chung, Sookja Kim / Wang, Linna / Luo, Weidan / Ji, Xiang / Law, Betty Yuen Kwan

Pharmacological research

2023 Volume 196, Page(s) 106874

Abstract: Tricin, a natural nontoxic flavonoid distributed in grasses and euphorbia plants, has been reported to scavenge free radicals, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. However, its autophagic effect on Parkinson's disease (PD) has not been ... ...

Abstract	Tricin, a natural nontoxic flavonoid distributed in grasses and euphorbia plants, has been reported to scavenge free radicals, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. However, its autophagic effect on Parkinson's disease (PD) has not been elucidated. By adopting cellular and C. elegans models of PD, the autophagic effect of tricin was identified based on the level of autophagy markers (LC3-II and p62). Besides, the pharmacological effects on neurotransmitters (dopamine), inflammatory cytokines (IFN γ, TNFα, MCP-1, IL-10, IL-6 and IL-17A), histology (hematoxylin & eosin and Nissl staining) and behavioural pathology (open-field test, hindlimb clasping, Y-maze, Morris water-maze and nest building test) were also confirmed in the A53T-α-synuclein transgenic PD mouse model. Further experiments demonstrated that tricin induced autophagic flux and lowered the level of α-synuclein through AMPK-p70s6K- and ATG7-dependent mechanism. Compared to the existing clinical PD drugs, tricin mitigated pathogenesis and symptoms of PD with no observable side effects. In summary, tricin is proposed as a potential adjuvant remedy or nutraceutical for the prevention and treatment of PD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1003347-6
ISSN	1096-1186 ; 0031-6989 ; 1043-6618
ISSN (online)	1096-1186
ISSN	0031-6989 ; 1043-6618
DOI	10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106874
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Article ; Online: Raddeanin A isolated from Anemone raddeana Regel improves pathological and cognitive deficits of the mice model of Alzheimer's disease by targeting β-amyloidosis.

Liu, Meng Han / Tang, Yong / Qu, Li Qun / Song, Lin Lin / Lo, Hang Hong / Zhang, Rui Long / Yun, Xiao Yun / Wang, Hui Miao / Chan, Joyce Tsz Wai / Wu, Jian Hui / Wang, Cai Ren / Wong, Vincent Kam Wai / Wu, An Guo / Law, Betty Yuen-Kwan

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

2023 Volume 122, Page(s) 155121

Abstract: Background: Raddeanin A is a triterpenoid isolated from Anemone raddeana Regel. It exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory, however, its neuroprotective effect in targeting Alzheimer's disease (AD) ... ...

Abstract	Background: Raddeanin A is a triterpenoid isolated from Anemone raddeana Regel. It exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory, however, its neuroprotective effect in targeting Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains uninvestigated. Purpose: To provide scientific base for the development of novel AD drug by clarifying the neuroprotective effect and molecular mechanisms of raddeanin A in both in vitro and in vivo AD model. Study design: To confirm the neuroprotective role of raddeanin A in the treatment of AD, its mechanisms and effects on β-amyloidosis and Aβ fibrillation was studied in U87 cells. Besides, the improvement on cognitive deficit, pathological defects, reactive astrocyte clusters, inhibition on neuronal inflammation and apoptosis were further studied in 3 x Tg-AD mice model of AD. Methods: Real-time PCR, western blot, dot blot, biolayer interferometry and bioinformatics analysis were used to confirm the in vitro effect and targets of raddeanin A on β-amyloidosis and its associated protein network. A series of experiments including Morris water maze, H&E staining, nissl staining and immunofluorescence analysis were conducted to confirm the protective behavioral effect of raddeanin A in the in vivo AD mice model. Results: Raddeanin A was identified to reduce β-amyloidosis in U87 cells and 3 x Tg-AD mice model of AD by decreasing level of BACE1, APP, APP-β and Aβ. Raddeanin A improved behavioral, spatial memory and learning ability in the AD mice. In the cortex and hippocampus, raddeanin A improved the morphology and arrangement of neurons, lower the level of reactive astrocyte marker GFAP and apoptotic marker proteins Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Moreover, raddeanin A upregulated the mRNA and protein level of Prkcα in the hippocampus of AD mice whose neuroprotective effect was exerted possibly via the activation of protein kinase C. Conclusion: As a novel natural agent targeting β-amyloidosis, our results provide the first evidence of the multiple in vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effect of raddeanin A, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in preventing or alleviating the symptoms of AD.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Anemone/metabolism ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases ; Amyloidosis ; Cognition ; Mice, Transgenic ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/genetics
Chemical Substances	raddeanin A ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases (EC 3.4.-) ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.23.-) ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-01
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1205240-1
ISSN	1618-095X ; 0944-7113
ISSN (online)	1618-095X
ISSN	0944-7113
DOI	10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155121
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Article: Extracellular Vesicle Delivery of Neferine for the Attenuation of Neurodegenerative Disease Proteins and Motor Deficit in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model.

Tang, Bin / Zeng, Wu / Song, Lin Lin / Wang, Hui Miao / Qu, Li Qun / Lo, Hang Hong / Yu, Lu / Wu, An Guo / Wong, Vincent Kam Wai / Law, Betty Yuen Kwan

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 15, Issue 1

Abstract: Exosomes are nano-extracellular vesicles with diameters ranging from 30 to 150 nm, which are secreted by the cell. With their role in drug cargo loading, exosomes have been applied to carry compounds across the blood-brain barrier in order to target the ... ...

Abstract	Exosomes are nano-extracellular vesicles with diameters ranging from 30 to 150 nm, which are secreted by the cell. With their role in drug cargo loading, exosomes have been applied to carry compounds across the blood-brain barrier in order to target the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, high-purity exosomes isolated by the ultra-high-speed separation method were applied as the natural compound carrier, with the loading efficiency confirmed by UHPLC-MS analysis. Through the optimization of various cargo loading methods using exosomes, this study compared the efficiency of different ways for the separation of exosomes and the exosome encapsulation of natural compounds with increasing molecular weights via extensive in vitro and in vivo efficacy studies. In a pharmacokinetic study, our data suggested that the efficiency of compound's loading into exosomes is positively correlated to its molecular weight. However, with a molecular weight of greater than 1109 Da, the exosome-encapsulated natural compounds were not able to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In vitro cellular models confirmed that three of the selected exosome-encapsulated natural compounds-baicalin, hederagenin and neferine-could reduce the level of neurodegenerative disease mutant proteins-including huntingtin 74 (HTT74), P301L tau and A53T α-synuclein (A53T α-syn)-more effectively than the compounds alone. With the traditional pharmacological role of the herbal plant
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2193542-7
ISSN	1424-8247
ISSN	1424-8247
DOI	10.3390/ph15010083
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Article: Adjuvant herbal therapy for targeting susceptibility genes to Kawasaki disease: An overview of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of Kawasaki disease

Tang, Bin / Lo, Hang Hong / Lei, Cheng / U, Ka In / Hsiao, Wen-Luan Wendy / Guo, Xiaoling / Bai, Jun / Wong, Vincent Kam-Wai / Law, Betty Yuen-Kwan

Phytomedicine. 2020 Apr. 15, v. 70

2020

Abstract: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a self-limiting acute systemic vasculitis occur mainly in infants and young children under 5 years old. Although the use of acetylsalicylic acid (AAS) in combination with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) remains the standard ... ...

Abstract	Kawasaki disease (KD) is a self-limiting acute systemic vasculitis occur mainly in infants and young children under 5 years old. Although the use of acetylsalicylic acid (AAS) in combination with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) remains the standard therapy to KD, the etiology, genetic susceptibility genes and pathogenic factors of KD are still un-elucidated.Current obstacles in the treatment of KD include the lack of standard clinical and genetic markers for early diagnosis, possible severe side effect of AAS (Reye's syndrome), and the refractory KD cases with resistance to IVIG therapy, therefore, this review has focused on introducing the current advances in the identification of genetic susceptibility genes, environmental factors, diagnostic markers and adjuvant pharmacological intervention for KD.With an overall update in the development of KD from different aspects, our current bioinformatics data has suggested CASP3, CD40 and TLR4 as the possible pathogenic factors or diagnostic markers of KD. Besides, a list of herbal medicines which may work as the adjunct therapy for KD via targeting different proposed molecular targets of KD have also been summarized.With the aid of modern pharmacological research and technology, it is anticipated that novel therapeutic remedies, especially active herbal chemicals targeting precise clinical markers of KD could be developed for accurate diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Keywords	Toll-like receptor 4 ; adjuvants ; adverse effects ; aspirin ; bioinformatics ; children ; early diagnosis ; environmental factors ; epidemiology ; genes ; genetic markers ; herbal medicines ; immunoglobulins ; infants ; intravenous injection ; pathogenesis ; phytotherapy ; vasculitis ; covid19
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0415
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1205240-1
ISSN	1618-095X ; 0944-7113
ISSN (online)	1618-095X
ISSN	0944-7113
DOI	10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153208
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Far infrared irradiation suppresses experimental arthritis in rats by down-regulation of genes involved inflammatory response and autoimmunity.

Chen, Xi / Zhang, Hui / Zeng, Wu / Wang, Nick / Lo, Hang Hong / Ip, Chi Kio / Yang, Li Jun / Hsiao, W L Wendy / Sin, Wai Man / Xia, Chenglai / Law, Betty Yuen Kwan / Wong, Vincent Kam Wai

Journal of advanced research

2021 Volume 38, Page(s) 107–118

Abstract: Introduction: Far-infrared radiation (FIR) is widely used in the treatment of various diseases such as insomnia and cardiovascular risk. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease in which the therapeutic potential of FIR in RA ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Far-infrared radiation (FIR) is widely used in the treatment of various diseases such as insomnia and cardiovascular risk. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease in which the therapeutic potential of FIR in RA is unclear. Objectives: To determine the therapeutic potential and mechanistic actions of FIR in treatment of RA. Methods: Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat models were established to assess the therapeutic potency of FIR in RA treatment. The scoring parameters such as arthritis score, swelling of the hind paw, spleen and thymus indices, micro-CT analysis indices were adopted to estimate the beneficial effects of FIR during RA treatment in AIA model. PCR gene expression arrays were used to analyze inflammatory and autoimmune genes expression profiles in rat synovium. The inflammatory and immunity genes profiling was further analyzed through transcription factor prediction using PROMO. A signaling network map of possible molecular circuits connecting the identified differential genes to the RA's pathogenesis was constructed based on extensive literature reviews, and the major signaling pathways were validated by Western blotting. Results: Thirty minutes of FIR treatment significantly improved the symptoms of AIA in rats. Gene expression profiling indicated that 27 out of 370 genes were down-regulated by FIR. AP-1, CEBPα, CEBPβ, c-Fos, GR, HNF-3β, USF-1, and USF-2 were predicted as key transcription factors that regulated the identified differential genes. In addition, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and NF-κB signaling are the major molecular pathways down-regulated by FIR treatment. Conclusion: FIR may provide beneficial effects on the AIA rat model of arthritis by suppression of the MAPK, PI3K-Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways. Therefore, we believe that FIR may provide an alternative non-pharmacological and non-surgical therapeutic approach for the treatment of RA.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Experimental/pathology ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/radiotherapy ; Autoimmunity ; Down-Regulation ; NF-kappa B/genetics ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/therapeutic use ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics ; Rats
Chemical Substances	NF-kappa B ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01
Publishing country	Egypt
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2541849-X
ISSN	2090-1224 ; 2090-1224
ISSN (online)	2090-1224
ISSN	2090-1224
DOI	10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.015
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Article ; Online: Hyperoside alleviates toxicity of β-amyloid via endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial calcium signal transduction cascade in APP/PS1 double transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice.

Song, Lin Lin / Qu, Yuan Qing / Tang, Yong Pei / Chen, Xi / Lo, Hang Hong / Qu, Li Qun / Yun, Yun Xiao / Wong, Vincent Kam Wai / Zhang, Rui Long / Wang, Hui Miao / Liu, Meng Han / Zhang, Wei / Zhang, Hui Xia / Chan, Joyce Tsz Wai / Wang, Cai Ren / Wu, Jian Hui / Law, Betty Yuen Kwan

Redox biology

2023 Volume 61, Page(s) 102637

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a decline in cognitive function. The β-amyloid (Aβ) hypothesis suggests that Aβ peptides can spontaneously aggregate into β-fragment-containing oligomers and protofibrils, and this ... ...

Abstract	Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a decline in cognitive function. The β-amyloid (Aβ) hypothesis suggests that Aβ peptides can spontaneously aggregate into β-fragment-containing oligomers and protofibrils, and this activation of the amyloid pathway alters Ca
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Mice, Transgenic ; Calcium/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; hyperoside (8O1CR18L82)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2701011-9
ISSN	2213-2317 ; 2213-2317
ISSN (online)	2213-2317
ISSN	2213-2317
DOI	10.1016/j.redox.2023.102637
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Article ; Online: Mutant p53

Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.

2023 Volume 72, Issue 12, Page(s) 2199–2219

Abstract: Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammation disease characterized by imbalance of immune homeostasis. p53 mutants are commonly described as the guardian of cancer cells by conferring them drug-resistance and immune evasion. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammation disease characterized by imbalance of immune homeostasis. p53 mutants are commonly described as the guardian of cancer cells by conferring them drug-resistance and immune evasion. Importantly, p53 mutations have also been identified in RA patients, and this prompts the investigation of its role in RA pathogenesis. Methods: The cytotoxicity of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) against p53 Results: Among p53 mutants, p53 Conclusions: This study unravels the role of p53
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Rats ; Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Experimental/genetics ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Immunity, Innate ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 ; IRF3 protein, human ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; TBK1 protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; Tbk1 protein, rat (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Tp53 protein, rat
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1221794-3
ISSN	1420-908X ; 1023-3830
ISSN (online)	1420-908X
ISSN	1023-3830
DOI	10.1007/s00011-023-01809-w
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