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Article ; Online: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice.

Lo Giudice, Roberto

International journal of environmental research and public health

2020 Volume 17, Issue 9

Abstract: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge ... ...

Abstract	The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain suspended as aerosol. Moreover, it has been reported that infected subjects, both with and without clinical signs of COVID-19, can transmit the virus. Since the infection typically enters through mouth, nose, and eyes, dentistry is one of the medical practices at highest risk of infection due to the frequent production of aerosol and the constant presence of saliva. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested that only emergency/urgent procedures should be performed during the coronavirus outbreak. Considering the virus' route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). This protocol should be implemented by modifying both patient management and clinical practice, introducing particular devices and organizational practices. This paper aims to discuss and suggest the most appropriate procedures in every aspect of dental practice to reduce infection risk.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology ; Coronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Cross Infection/epidemiology ; Cross Infection/prevention & control ; Dentistry ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; Practice Management, Dental ; Practice Patterns, Dentists' ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/epidemiology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/prevention & control ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/transmission ; United States ; World Health Organization
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph17093067
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Health Care and Health Service Digital Revolution.

Lo Giudice, Roberto / Famà, Fausto

International journal of environmental research and public health

2020 Volume 17, Issue 14

Abstract: The digital revolution has changed many aspects of the medical profession. Medical doctors and doctors in the dental sciences have been pushed to modify their workflow using new instruments such as decisional software, intraoral and extraoral scanners, ... ...

Abstract	The digital revolution has changed many aspects of the medical profession. Medical doctors and doctors in the dental sciences have been pushed to modify their workflow using new instruments such as decisional software, intraoral and extraoral scanners, and CAD-CAM technologies, which have improved diagnostics and the clinical/surgical phase of treatment and follow-up, and nowadays it is clear that medical professional life will continue in the era of digital medicine.
MeSH term(s)	Computer-Aided Design ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Software ; Workflow
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph17144913
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Article: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice

Lo Giudice, Roberto

Int. j. environ. res. public health (Online)

Abstract	The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain suspended as aerosol. Moreover, it has been reported that infected subjects, both with and without clinical signs of COVID-19, can transmit the virus. Since the infection typically enters through mouth, nose, and eyes, dentistry is one of the medical practices at highest risk of infection due to the frequent production of aerosol and the constant presence of saliva. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested that only emergency/urgent procedures should be performed during the coronavirus outbreak. Considering the virus' route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). This protocol should be implemented by modifying both patient management and clinical practice, introducing particular devices and organizational practices. This paper aims to discuss and suggest the most appropriate procedures in every aspect of dental practice to reduce infection risk.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #133409
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice

LO GIUDICE, ROBERTO

International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(9):3067

2020

Abstract	The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain suspended as aerosol. Moreover, it has been reported that infected subjects, both with and without clinical signs of COVID-19, can transmit the virus. Since the infection typically enters through mouth, nose, and eyes, dentistry is one of the medical practices at highest risk of infection due to the frequent production of aerosol and the constant presence of saliva. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested that only emergency/urgent procedures should be performed during the coronavirus outbreak. Considering the virus’ route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). This protocol should be implemented by modifying both patient management and clinical practice, introducing particular devices and organizational practices. This paper aims to discuss and suggest the most appropriate procedures in every aspect of dental practice to reduce infection risk.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; biological risk ; infection prevention ; SARS-CoV-2 ; procedures ; dentistry ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The "Dedicated" C.B.C.T. in Dentistry.

Distefano, Salvatore / Cannarozzo, Maria Grazia / Spagnuolo, Gianrico / Bucci, Marco Brady / Lo Giudice, Roberto

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 11

Abstract: This position statement represents a consensus of an expert committee composed by the Italian Academy of General Dentistry (Accademia Italiana Odontoiatria Generale COI-AIOG) and Italian Academy of Legal and Forensic Dentistry (Accademia Italiana di ... ...

Abstract	This position statement represents a consensus of an expert committee composed by the Italian Academy of General Dentistry (Accademia Italiana Odontoiatria Generale COI-AIOG) and Italian Academy of Legal and Forensic Dentistry (Accademia Italiana di Odontoiatria Legale e Forense OL-F) on the appropriate use of cone beam computed tomography (C.B.C.T.) in dentistry. This paper analyzes the use of C.B.C.T. in light of the rapid evolution of volumetric technologies, with the new low- and ultra-low-dose exposure programs. These upgrades are determining an improvement in the precision and safety of this methodology; therefore, the need of a guideline revision of the use of C.B.C.T. for treatment planning is mandatory. It appears necessary to develop a new model of use, which, in compliance with the principle of justification and as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) and as low as diagnostically acceptable (ALADA), can allow a functional "Dedicated C.B.C.T." exam optimized for the individuality of the patient.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Radiation Dosage ; Italy ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods ; Forensic Dentistry ; Patient Care Planning
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20115954
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Article ; Online: Impact of Smoking on Salivary Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress in Young Adults: A Comparative Analysis between Traditional Cigarettes, E-Cigarettes, and Heat-Not-Burn Products.

Zięba, Sara / Błachnio-Zabielska, Agnieszka / Maciejczyk, Mateusz / Pogodzińska, Karolina / Szuta, Mariusz / Lo Giudice, Giuseppe / Lo Giudice, Roberto / Zalewska, Anna

Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research

2024 Volume 30, Page(s) e942507

Abstract: BACKGROUND Smoking nicotine is considered to be one of the most harmful addictions, leading to the development of a number of health complications, including many pathologies in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of smoking ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND Smoking nicotine is considered to be one of the most harmful addictions, leading to the development of a number of health complications, including many pathologies in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of smoking traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and heat-not-burn products on profiles of salivary lipids and lipid peroxidation products in the unstimulated and stimulated saliva of healthy young adults with a smoking habit of up to 3 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 3 groups of 25 smoking patients each and a control group matched for age, gender, and oral status. In saliva collected from patients from the study groups and participants from the control group, the concentrations of sphingolipids: sphingosine, sphinganine, sphingosine-1-phosphate, ceramides, and salivary lipid peroxidation products - malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) - were measured. The normality of distribution was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. For comparison of the results, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Tukey test was used. RESULTS We demonstrated that each type of smoking causes a decrease in the concentration of salivary lipids, and there was an increased concentration of salivary MDA and 4-HNE. CONCLUSIONS Smoking in the initial period of addiction leads to an increase in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products through increased oxidative stress, leading to disturbance of the lipid balance of the oral cavity (eg, due to damage to cell membranes).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Young Adult ; Smoking/adverse effects ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Hot Temperature ; Tobacco Products ; Oxidative Stress ; Lipids ; Saliva/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Lipids
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1439041-3
ISSN	1643-3750 ; 1234-1010
ISSN (online)	1643-3750
ISSN	1234-1010
DOI	10.12659/MSM.942507
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Article: Characterization of the Oral Microbiome in Wearers of Fixed and Removable Implant or Non-Implant-Supported Prostheses in Healthy and Pathological Oral Conditions: A Narrative Review.

D'Ambrosio, Francesco / Santella, Biagio / Di Palo, Maria Pia / Giordano, Francesco / Lo Giudice, Roberto

Microorganisms

2023 Volume 11, Issue 4

Abstract: Oral commensal microorganisms perform very important functions such as contributing to the health of the host. However, the oral microbiota also plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of various oral and systemic diseases. The oral ... ...

Abstract	Oral commensal microorganisms perform very important functions such as contributing to the health of the host. However, the oral microbiota also plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of various oral and systemic diseases. The oral microbiome may be characterized by a higher prevalence of some microorganisms than others in subjects with removable or fixed prostheses, depending on oral health conditions, the prosthetic materials used, and any pathological conditions brought about by inadequate prosthetic manufacturing or poor oral hygiene. Both biotic and abiotic surfaces of removable and fixed prostheses can be easily colonized by bacteria, fungi, and viruses, which can become potential pathogens. The oral hygiene of denture wearers is often inadequate, and this can promote oral dysbiosis and the switch of microorganisms from commensal to pathogens. In light of what emerged from this review, fixed and removable dental prostheses on teeth and on implants are subject to bacterial colonization and can contribute to the formation of bacterial plaque. It is of fundamental importance to carry out the daily hygiene procedures of prosthetic products, to design the prosthesis to facilitate the patient's home oral hygiene practices, and to use products against plaque accumulation or capable of reducing oral dysbiosis to improve patients' home oral practices. Therefore, this review primarily aimed to analyze the oral microbiome composition in fixed and removable implant or non-implant-supported prostheses wearers in healthy and pathological oral conditions. Secondly, this review aims to point out related periodontal self-care recommendations for oral dysbiosis prevention and periodontal health maintenance in fixed and removable implant or non-implant-supported prostheses wearers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms11041041
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Does Low-Taper Root Canal Shaping Decrease the Risk of Root Fracture? A Systematic Review.

Puleio, Francesco / Lo Giudice, Giuseppe / Militi, Angela / Bellezza, Ugo / Lo Giudice, Roberto

Dentistry journal

2022 Volume 10, Issue 6

Abstract: Minimal root-canal preparation has been suggested to reduce the risk of root fracture, but as a result, satisfactory cleaning and shaping do not take place. Large-scale taper instrumentation can contribute to removing infected tissue; however, it may ... ...

Abstract	Minimal root-canal preparation has been suggested to reduce the risk of root fracture, but as a result, satisfactory cleaning and shaping do not take place. Large-scale taper instrumentation can contribute to removing infected tissue; however, it may weaken the tooth structure. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate whether root-canal shaping with low-taper instruments decreases the risk of root fracture, compared to high-conicity shaping. A search was performed on Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were: studies comparing the root fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, shaped with low- and high-conicity taper instruments, in human trials, and via in vitro study. The review includes all types of endodontically treated teeth, with various instrument tapers. The scientific search engines produced 328 results. Only 20 of the results were evaluated after screening. Based on the articles analyzed, it is not clear whether a taper difference can determine differences in root fracture resistance. No randomized controlled trial (RCTs) with long follow-ups have been published to date. It must also be taken into account that the in vitro studies do not consider the numerous differences that there are between in vitro and clinical evaluation. The review was registered on the PROSPERO website, with the protocol number CRD42020151451.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2681351-8
ISSN	2304-6767 ; 2304-6767
ISSN (online)	2304-6767
ISSN	2304-6767
DOI	10.3390/dj10060094
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Stress Distribution Pattern in Zygomatic Implants Supporting Different Superstructure Materials.

Heboyan, Artak / Lo Giudice, Roberto / Kalman, Les / Zafar, Muhammad Sohail / Tribst, João Paulo Mendes

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 15, Issue 14

Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the stress-strain pattern of zygomatic dental implants supporting different superstructures using 3D finite element analysis (FEA). A model of a tridimensional edentulous maxilla with four dental implants ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to assess and compare the stress-strain pattern of zygomatic dental implants supporting different superstructures using 3D finite element analysis (FEA). A model of a tridimensional edentulous maxilla with four dental implants was designed using the computer-aided design (CAD) software. Two standard and two zygomatic implants were positioned to support the U-shaped bar superstructure. In the computer-aided engineering (CAE) software, different materials have been simulated for the superstructure: cobalt-chrome (CoCr) alloy, titanium alloy (Ti), zirconia (Zr), carbon-fiber polymers (CF) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK). An axial load of 500 N was applied in the posterior regions near the zygomatic implants. Considering the mechanical response of the bone tissue, all superstructure materials resulted in homogeneous strain and thus could reconstruct the edentulous maxilla. However, with the aim to reduce the stress in the zygomatic implants and prosthetic screws, stiffer materials, such Zr, CoCr and Ti, appeared to be a preferable option.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma15144953
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Root Canal Cleaning after Different Irrigation Techniques: An Ex Vivo Analysis.

Di Spirito, Federica / Pisano, Massimo / Caggiano, Mario / Bhasin, Prashant / Lo Giudice, Roberto / Abdellatif, Dina

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

2022 Volume 58, Issue 2

Abstract: Background and ... ...

Abstract	Background and Objectives
MeSH term(s)	Dental Pulp Cavity ; Humans ; Root Canal Irrigants ; Root Canal Preparation ; Sodium Hypochlorite ; Therapeutic Irrigation
Chemical Substances	Root Canal Irrigants ; Sodium Hypochlorite (DY38VHM5OD)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2188113-3
ISSN	1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
ISSN (online)	1648-9144
ISSN	1010-660X
DOI	10.3390/medicina58020193
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