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Book: Aging and decision making

Hess, Thomas M. / Strough, JoNell / Löckenhoff, Corinna E.

empirical and applied perspectives

2015

Author's details	ed. by Thomas M. Hess ; JoNell Strough ; Corinna Löckenhoff
Keywords	Decision making in old age
Subject code	155.671383
Language	English
Size	XXVII, 399 S. : graph. Darst., 23 cm
Publisher	Elsevier Acad. Press
Publishing place	Amsterdam u.a.
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT018617431
ISBN	978-0-12-417148-0 ; 0-12-417148-6
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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2015 A 1637	available for loan (reading room)	Lesesaal EG

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Article ; Online: Susceptibility to default effects does not differ by age.

Nolte, Julia / Löckenhoff, Corinna E

Journal of experimental psychology. General

2022 Volume 152, Issue 4, Page(s) 1175–1187

Abstract: Decision makers are more likely to passively accept than to actively reject preselected default options. Age differences in such "default effects" have not been systematically examined, but prior research reports age-related variation in several known ... ...

Abstract	Decision makers are more likely to passively accept than to actively reject preselected default options. Age differences in such "default effects" have not been systematically examined, but prior research reports age-related variation in several known determinants of default effects suggesting that they may be more common in older as compared to younger adults. To address this question, a representative life span sample (
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Decision Making
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189732-9
ISSN	1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
ISSN (online)	1939-2222
ISSN	0096-3445
DOI	10.1037/xge0001317
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Article ; Online: Age Differences in Self-Continuity in Germany and the United States: The Role of Temporal Direction, Temporal Distance, and Demographics.

Lu, Yi / Gerstorf, Denis / Löckenhoff, Corinna E

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

2023 Volume 78, Issue 5, Page(s) 841–846

Abstract: Objectives: Previous research suggests that self-continuity is higher in older ages, especially for more distant intervals. This study extends prior work by examining age and temporal patterns of self-continuity in 2 adult life-span samples from Germany ...

Abstract	Objectives: Previous research suggests that self-continuity is higher in older ages, especially for more distant intervals. This study extends prior work by examining age and temporal patterns of self-continuity in 2 adult life-span samples from Germany and the United States. Methods: German data (n = 1,656, aged 18-93) were drawn from the German Socioeconomic Panel. U.S. data (n = 230, aged 18-87) were collected through a survey research firm. Preregistered multilevel analyses examined the roles of age, temporal direction (past/future), and temporal distance (1/5/10 years), and explored the role of demographic covariates. Results: In both data sets, self-continuity was higher in older ages and decreased with distance from the present, especially for the past. Interaction effects among age, temporal distance, and temporal directions were complex and varied across samples. Self-continuity was higher among married and more educated German participants and more affluent U.S. participants, but age differences remained robust when including demographic covariates. Discussion: Findings replicate prior evidence for age-related increments in self-continuity but suggest that patterns vary by temporal distance and direction and may be sensitive to contextual factors.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Germany ; Forecasting ; Demography
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1223664-0
ISSN	1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
ISSN (online)	1758-5368
ISSN	1079-5014
DOI	10.1093/geronb/gbad002
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Article ; Online: Is Reliance on the Affect Heuristic Associated With Age?

Nolte, Julia / Löckenhoff, Corinna E

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

2021 Volume 77, Issue 3, Page(s) 482–492

Abstract: Objectives: With age, decision makers rely more on heuristic and affect-based processing. However, age differences have not been quantified with respect to the affect heuristic, which derives judgments based on positive and negative feelings toward ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: With age, decision makers rely more on heuristic and affect-based processing. However, age differences have not been quantified with respect to the affect heuristic, which derives judgments based on positive and negative feelings toward stimuli and concepts. This study examined whether reliance on the affect heuristic is associated with age, whether these patterns vary by task type, and which covariates account for age effects. Method: In a preregistered study, an adult life-span sample (N = 195, 21-90 years, Mage = 52.95, 50% female, 71% non-Hispanic White) completed a battery of cognitive, personality, and socioemotional covariates as well as 3 established affect heuristic tasks: (a) a risk-benefit task, (b) a dread-inference task, and (c) an affect-impact task. Reliance on affect was indexed through (a) a negative relationship between perceived food risks and benefits, (b) a positive relationship between feelings of dread and statistical inferences about mortality risks, and (c) a positive relationship between affective responses and impact judgments when evaluating catastrophes. Results: For all 3 tasks, usage of the affect heuristic was documented at the group and the individual levels. Contrary to hypotheses, age was not associated with affect heuristic use for any of the tasks. Affect heuristic indices did not correlate across tasks and showed no consistent associations with the covariates. Discussion: Results suggest that the use of affect-based heuristics is context- or stimulus-dependent rather than a stable, age-associated trait. Further research is needed to validate the present results across additional domains, tasks, and stimulus types.
MeSH term(s)	Affect ; Emotions ; Female ; Heuristics ; Humans ; Judgment/physiology ; Male ; Personality ; Risk Assessment
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1223664-0
ISSN	1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
ISSN (online)	1758-5368
ISSN	1079-5014
DOI	10.1093/geronb/gbab126
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Article ; Online: Aging and Decision-Making: A Conceptual Framework for Future Research - A Mini-Review.

Löckenhoff, Corinna E

Gerontology

2017 Volume 64, Issue 2, Page(s) 140–148

Abstract: Age differences in decision-making are of theoretical interest and have important practical implications, but relevant lines of work are distributed across multiple disciplines and often lack integration. The present review proposes an overarching ... ...

Abstract	Age differences in decision-making are of theoretical interest and have important practical implications, but relevant lines of work are distributed across multiple disciplines and often lack integration. The present review proposes an overarching conceptual framework with the aim of connecting disjointed aspects of this field of research. The framework builds on process models of decision-making and specifies potential mechanisms behind age effects as well as relevant moderators including task characteristics and contextual factors. After summarizing the extant literature for each aspect of the framework, compensatory mechanisms and ecological fit between different components of the model are considered. Implications for real-life decision-making, remaining research gaps, and directions for future research are discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Aging/physiology ; Aging/psychology ; Cognition ; Decision Making/physiology ; Decision Support Techniques ; Emotions ; Functional Neuroimaging ; Geriatrics/trends ; Humans ; Motivation ; Research Design/trends ; Social Environment
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	193798-4
ISSN	1423-0003 ; 0304-324X
ISSN (online)	1423-0003
ISSN	0304-324X
DOI	10.1159/000485247
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Article ; Online: Age and Framing Effects in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task.

Schulman, Adam T / Chong, Amy W / Löckenhoff, Corinna E

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

2022 Volume 77, Issue 10, Page(s) 1820–1830

Abstract: Objectives: Prior research has documented age differences in risky decisions and indicates that they are susceptible to gain versus loss framing. However, previous studies focused on "decisions from description" that explicitly spell out the ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Prior research has documented age differences in risky decisions and indicates that they are susceptible to gain versus loss framing. However, previous studies focused on "decisions from description" that explicitly spell out the probabilities involved. The present study expands this literature by examining the effects of framing on age differences in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), a widely used and ecologically valid measure of experience-based risky decision making that involves pumping a virtual balloon. Methods: In a preregistered study, younger (aged 18-30, n = 129) and older adults (aged 60 and older, n = 125) were randomly assigned to either a gain version of the BART, where pumping the balloon added monetary gains, or a loss version, where pumping the balloon avoided monetary losses. Results: We found a significant age by frame interaction on risk-taking: in the loss frame, older adults pumped more frequently and experienced more popped balloons than younger adults, whereas in the gain frame no significant age differences were found. Total performance on the BART did not vary by age or frame. Supplementary analyses indicated that age differences in pumping rates were most pronounced at the beginning of the BART and leveled off in subsequent trials. Controlling for age differences in motivation, personality, and cognition did not account for age differences in risk-taking. Discussion: In combination, findings suggest that age differences in risk-taking on the BART are more pronounced when the task context emphasizes avoiding losses rather than achieving gains.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cognition ; Decision Making ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Personality ; Probability ; Risk-Taking
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1223664-0
ISSN	1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
ISSN (online)	1758-5368
ISSN	1079-5014
DOI	10.1093/geronb/gbac060
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Article ; Online: The influence of verbatim versus gist formatting on younger and older adults' information acquisition and decision-making.

Nolte, Julia / Löckenhoff, Corinna E / Reyna, Valerie F

Psychology and aging

2022 Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 197–209

Abstract: Fuzzy-Trace Theory suggests that decision makers encode gist representations (bottom-line meaning) and verbatim representations (details) of information but rely more on gist, a tendency that increases with age. The present study examined implications ... ...

Abstract	Fuzzy-Trace Theory suggests that decision makers encode gist representations (bottom-line meaning) and verbatim representations (details) of information but rely more on gist, a tendency that increases with age. The present study examined implications for age differences in information seeking and decision-making by presenting gist and verbatim formatted choice scenarios. Participants comprised 68 younger and 66 older adults. Predecisional information seeking, indices of decision outcomes and recall, and relevant covariates were assessed. In line with theory, older adults self-reported and demonstrated stronger preferences for gist-based processing than younger adults did. Consistent with hypotheses, the total number of reviewed grid cells (including repeat views) was higher for gist than verbatim conditions, and this effect was stronger among older adults. Also, the proportion of unique cells reviewed and the accuracy of decision attribute recall were higher in the verbatim than gist condition and these effects were stronger among younger versus older adults. Further, gist formatting was associated with stronger use of option-wise information search, more value-concordant decisions (i.e., choices aligning with self-reported choice preferences), and decreased choice satisfaction, but these effects did not vary by age. Covariates, including information-processing preferences, partially accounted for these effects. Consistent with Fuzzy-Trace Theory, this suggests that information formatting and preferences modulate age differences in predecisional information acquisition: Depending on age, using either verbatim or gist formatting to communicate information can offer different benefits. Across age groups, however, gist formatting may facilitate value-concordant (and arguably higher-quality) decision-making. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aging ; Cognition ; Decision Making ; Humans ; Mental Recall
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	635596-1
ISSN	1939-1498 ; 0882-7974
ISSN (online)	1939-1498
ISSN	0882-7974
DOI	10.1037/pag0000676
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Article ; Online: Information Avoidance in Consumer Choice: Do Avoidance Tendencies and Motives Vary by Age?

Deng, Stephanie L / Nolte, Julia / Löckenhoff, Corinna E

Experimental aging research

2022 Volume 49, Issue 2, Page(s) 112–129

Abstract: Prior research suggests that older adults seek less information in consumer choices than younger adults do. However, it remains unclear if intentional information avoidance plays a role in such effects. To test this possibility, we examined age ... ...

Abstract	Prior research suggests that older adults seek less information in consumer choices than younger adults do. However, it remains unclear if intentional information avoidance plays a role in such effects. To test this possibility, we examined age differences in deliberate information avoidance in consumer decisions and explored a range of potential motives. Adult lifespan samples completed two pre-registered online studies, which assessed information avoidance using a slider scale (Study 1,
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Information Avoidance ; Aging ; Motivation ; Choice Behavior
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	753202-7
ISSN	1096-4657 ; 0361-073X
ISSN (online)	1096-4657
ISSN	0361-073X
DOI	10.1080/0361073X.2022.2051967
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Article ; Online: Age Differences in Media Consumption and Avoidance With Respect to COVID-19.

Nolte, Julia / Deng, Stephanie L / Löckenhoff, Corinna E

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

2021 Volume 77, Issue 4, Page(s) e76–e82

Abstract: Background: Older versus younger adults are at greater risk from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but descriptive data show they are less likely to seek out related information in the media, although underlying mechanisms remain unclear.: Method: ...

Abstract	Background: Older versus younger adults are at greater risk from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but descriptive data show they are less likely to seek out related information in the media, although underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Method: A representative adult life-span sample (N = 500) completed a preregistered online study assessing changes in media consumption in response to the pandemic, self-reported and behavioral media avoidance, avoidance motives, and demographic, socioemotional, and cognitive covariates. Results: Age was associated with reduced media consumption and higher behavioral media avoidance, but lower self-reported media avoidance and lower endorsement of specific avoidance motives. Age differences in aspects of affect, motivation, and cognition statistically accounted for variations in behavioral avoidance but not for the other age effects. Discussion: Age differences in media use in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are not explained by deliberate avoidance intentions and motives but associated with broader age variations in socioemotional and cognitive functioning.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Intention ; Motivation ; Pandemics ; Self Report
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1223664-0
ISSN	1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
ISSN (online)	1758-5368
ISSN	1079-5014
DOI	10.1093/geronb/gbab123
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Article ; Online: What Motivates Physicians to Address Caregiver Needs? The Role of Experiential Similarity.

Park, Taeyoung / Pillemer, Karl / Loeckenhoff, Corinna / Suitor, J Jill / Riffin, Catherine

Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society

2023 Volume 42, Issue 5, Page(s) 1003–1012

Abstract: Despite the significant stress of family caregiving, caregivers' needs and risks are often overlooked in healthcare settings. This study examined the factors associated with primary care physicians' perceived responsibility to identify and address ... ...

Abstract	Despite the significant stress of family caregiving, caregivers' needs and risks are often overlooked in healthcare settings. This study examined the factors associated with primary care physicians' perceived responsibility to identify and address caregiver needs and risks. Using a national random sample of U.S. primary care physicians (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Caregivers ; Emotions
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	155897-3
ISSN	1552-4523 ; 0733-4648
ISSN (online)	1552-4523
ISSN	0733-4648
DOI	10.1177/07334648231151937
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