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  1. Article ; Online: Which UHC? Features for Equity and Universalism Comment on "Universal Health Coverage for Non-Communicable Diseases and Health Equity: Lessons From Australian Primary Healthcare".

    Loewenson, Rene

    International journal of health policy and management

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) 704–707

    Abstract: Equity and universality are implicit in universal health coverage (UHC), although ambiguity has led to differing interpretations and policy emphases that limit their achievement. Diverse country experiences indicate a policy focus on differences in ... ...

    Abstract Equity and universality are implicit in universal health coverage (UHC), although ambiguity has led to differing interpretations and policy emphases that limit their achievement. Diverse country experiences indicate a policy focus on differences in service availability and costs of care, and neoliberal policies that have focused UHC on segmented financing and disease-focused benefit packages, ignoring evidence on financing, service, rights-based and social features that enable equity, continuity of care and improved population health. Public policies that do not confront these neoliberal pressures limit equity-promoting features in UHC. In raising the impetus for UHC and widening public awareness of the need for public health systems, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents an opportunity for challenging market driven approaches to UHC, but also a need to make clear the features that are essential for ensuring equity in the progression towards universal health systems.
    MeSH term(s) Australia ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Health Equity ; Humans ; Noncommunicable Diseases ; Primary Health Care ; Universal Health Insurance
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01
    Publishing country Iran
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2724317-5
    ISSN 2322-5939 ; 2322-5939
    ISSN (online) 2322-5939
    ISSN 2322-5939
    DOI 10.34172/ijhpm.2021.89
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Rethinking the Paradigm and Practice of Occupational Health in a World Without Decent Work: A Perspective From East and Southern Africa.

    Loewenson, Rene

    New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy : NS

    2021  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 107–112

    Abstract: The global political economy is generating new forms and growing shares of informal, insecure, and precarious labor, adding to histories of insecure work and an externalization of social costs. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the consequences of ... ...

    Abstract The global political economy is generating new forms and growing shares of informal, insecure, and precarious labor, adding to histories of insecure work and an externalization of social costs. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the consequences of ignoring such signals in terms of the increased risk and vulnerability of insecure labor. This paper explores how such trends are generating intersecting adverse health outcomes for workers, communities, and environments and the implications for breaking siloes and building links between the paradigms, science, practice, and tools for occupational health, public health, and eco-health. Applying the principle of controlling hazards at the source is argued in this context to call for an understanding of the upstream production and socio-political factors that are jointly affecting the nature of work and employment and their impact on the health of workers, the public, and the planet.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Africa, Eastern ; Africa, Southern ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Employment/psychology ; Employment/standards ; Employment/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Health/trends ; Politics ; Public Health ; Unemployment/psychology ; Unemployment/statistics & numerical data ; Workplace/psychology ; Workplace/standards ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1236515-4
    ISSN 1541-3772 ; 1048-2911
    ISSN (online) 1541-3772
    ISSN 1048-2911
    DOI 10.1177/10482911211017106
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4297: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article ; Online: COVID-19 in East and Southern Africa: Rebuilding Differently and Better Must Start Now.

    Loewenson, Rene

    MEDICC review

    2020  Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 59–60

    Abstract: By June 2020, the cumulative cases and deaths related to COVID-19 in 16 East and Southern African (ESA) countries were still rising, with an average case fatality rate of 1.46%.[1] From its initial presence in cities and regional transport hubs, cases ... ...

    Abstract By June 2020, the cumulative cases and deaths related to COVID-19 in 16 East and Southern African (ESA) countries were still rising, with an average case fatality rate of 1.46%.[1] From its initial presence in cities and regional transport hubs, cases are spreading, including to rural areas, among health workers and as migrants cross borders to return home.[2].
    MeSH term(s) Africa, Eastern/epidemiology ; Africa, Southern/epidemiology ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control/organization & administration ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Developing Countries ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2430374-4
    ISSN 1527-3172 ; 1555-7960
    ISSN (online) 1527-3172
    ISSN 1555-7960
    DOI 10.37757/MR2020.V22.N3.13
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Recovering lost tax to meet the health financing gap for universal public sector health systems in East and Southern Africa.

    Loewenson, Rene / Mukumba, Chenai

    BMJ global health

    2023  Volume 8, Issue Suppl 8

    Abstract: Introduction: Universal healthcare services funded through taxation and free at point-of-access are the most equitable ways of funding healthcare rights. This paper examines key public sector health financing measures in 17 East and Southern African ( ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Universal healthcare services funded through taxation and free at point-of-access are the most equitable ways of funding healthcare rights. This paper examines key public sector health financing measures in 17 East and Southern African (ESA) countries, estimates the funding gap for basic and comprehensive services and relates this to sources of lost tax revenue.
    Methods: Health financing and tax data for 2018 (the most recent year available) were extracted from international databases for each ESA country, and analysed collectively for the region, comparing against intergovernmental estimates of optimal funding and tax capacity. Despite limitations noted, the scale of the health financing gap and tax losses informed policy recommendations.
    Results: The annual average per capita financing gap ranged from $28 to $84 for basic to comprehensive services, respectively, applying estimates of funding needs. Many innovative financing measures being explored do not meet this scale of deficit. Annual ESA per capita tax losses were estimated as: US$34.20 from shortfalls in domestic tax capacity and US$13.80 from illicit financial flows largely due to commercial practices. A proposed 25% minimum effective tax rate on multinationals in a fairer global tax system would yield an additional annual collection US$26.20 in the region.
    Conclusions: Addressing a total annual tax loss of US$34 billion from these three sources alone would almost completely finance the region's US$36 billion financing gap for a comprehensive public sector health system. The COVID-19 pandemic's exposure of the need for investment in public sector services suggests an opportunity for an alliance between health and finance sectors to ensure progressive taxation as the core funding for an equitable, universal health system. This implies costing the health funding demands and gap in ESA countries; strengthening domestic tax capacity, expanding wealth taxes, curbing illicit outflows and providing health evidence to ongoing African diplomacy for a fairer global tax system.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Health Expenditures ; Public Sector ; Developing Countries ; Healthcare Financing ; Pandemics ; Africa, Southern ; Taxes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2059-7908
    ISSN 2059-7908
    DOI 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-011820
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: COVID-19 in East and Southern Africa: Rebuilding Differently and Better Must Start Now

    Loewenson, Rene

    MEDICC Rev

    Abstract: By June 2020, the cumulative cases and deaths related to COVID-19 in 16 East and Southern African (ESA) countries were still rising, with an average case fatality rate of 1.46%.[1] From its initial presence in cities and regional transport hubs, cases ... ...

    Abstract By June 2020, the cumulative cases and deaths related to COVID-19 in 16 East and Southern African (ESA) countries were still rising, with an average case fatality rate of 1.46%.[1] From its initial presence in cities and regional transport hubs, cases are spreading, including to rural areas, among health workers and as migrants cross borders to return home.[2].
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #722848
    Database COVID19

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  6. Book: Public participation in health systems

    Loewenson, Rene

    report of the EQUINET TARSC regional meeting ; Harare, May 2000

    (Equinet policy series ; 6)

    2000  

    Author's details prep. by Rene Loewenson
    Series title Equinet policy series ; 6
    Collection
    Language English
    Size 28 S.
    Publisher Regional Network for Equity in Health in Southern Africa u.a.
    Publishing place Harare
    Publishing country Zimbabwe
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT013282015
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2002 A 3632 order for loan Magazin

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  7. Book: Occupational health and safety in Southern Africa

    Loewenson, Rene

    trends and policy issues

    (ILO, SAMAT policy paper ; 8)

    1999  

    Author's details Rene Loewenson
    Series title ILO, SAMAT policy paper ; 8
    Policy paper / International Labour Organisation, Southern Africa Multidisciplinary Advisory Team
    Collection Policy paper / International Labour Organisation, Southern Africa Multidisciplinary Advisory Team
    Language English
    Size 27 S.
    Publishing place Harare
    Publishing country Zimbabwe
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT012748831
    ISBN 92-2-111663-8 ; 978-92-2-111663-9
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2000 A 2337 order for loan Magazin

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  8. Article ; Online: Understanding the interplay of occupational, public health, and climate-related risks for informal workers: A new framework with findings from Zimbabwe and India.

    Sverdlik, Alice / Kothiwal, Kanupriya / Kadungure, Artwell / Agarwal, Siddharth / Machemedze, Rangarirai / Verma, Shabnam / Loewenson, Rene

    Social science & medicine (1982)

    2024  Volume 348, Page(s) 116750

    Abstract: Globally, there are 2 billion 'informal' workers, who lack access to social protection while facing profound health risks and socioeconomic exclusions. The informal economy has generated most jobs in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), but few ... ...

    Abstract Globally, there are 2 billion 'informal' workers, who lack access to social protection while facing profound health risks and socioeconomic exclusions. The informal economy has generated most jobs in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), but few studies have explored informal workers' complex health vulnerabilities, including in the face of climate change. This paper will discuss recent action-research in Indore (India), Harare, and Masvingo (Zimbabwe) with informal workers like vendors, waste-pickers, and urban farmers. We conducted qualitative interviews (N = 110 in India), focus group discussions (N = 207 in Zimbabwe), and a quantitative survey (N = 418 in Zimbabwe). Many informal workers live in informal settlements ('slums'), and we highlight the interrelated health risks at their homes and workplaces. We explore how climate-related threats-including heatwaves, drought, and floods-negatively affect informal workers' health and livelihoods. These challenges often have gender-inequitable impacts. We also analyse workers' individual and collective responses. We propose a comprehensive framework to reveal the drivers of health in the informal economy, and we complement this holistic approach with a new research agenda. Our framework highlights the socioeconomic, environmental, and political determinants of informal workers' health. We argue that informal workers may face difficult trade-offs, due to competing priorities in the face of climate change and other risks. Future interventions will need to recognise informal workers' array of risks and co-develop multifaceted solutions, thereby helping to avoid such impossible choices. We recommend holistic initiatives to foster health and climate resilience, as well as participatory action-research partnerships and qualitative, intersectional data-collection with informal workers.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Zimbabwe ; India ; Climate Change ; Female ; Male ; Qualitative Research ; Adult ; Public Health ; Focus Groups ; Informal Sector ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Health/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 4766-1
    ISSN 1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    ISSN (online) 1873-5347
    ISSN 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116750
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 625: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  9. Book: Occupational health and safety legislation in Southern Africa

    Loewenson, Rene

    current trends

    (Development and labour monographs ; 1/96)

    1996  

    Author's details Rene Loewenson
    Series title Development and labour monographs ; 1/96
    Collection
    Language English
    Size 31 S.
    Publisher Friedrich Ebert Stiftung u.a.
    Publishing place S.l.
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT010726960
    ISBN 0-7992-1654-2 ; 978-0-7992-1654-7
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    1999 A 4061 order for loan Magazin

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  10. Article: Asserting public health interest in acting on commercial determinants of health in sub-Saharan Africa: insights from a discourse analysis.

    Loewenson, Rene / Godt, Sue / Chanda-Kapata, Pascalina

    BMJ global health

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 7

    Abstract: The actors influencing the commercial determinants of health (CDOH) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have different interests and lenses around the costs and benefits of market influences in health. We analysed the views and priorities on CDOH in the ... ...

    Abstract The actors influencing the commercial determinants of health (CDOH) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have different interests and lenses around the costs and benefits of market influences in health. We analysed the views and priorities on CDOH in the discourse of global and regional agencies, SSA governments, private investors and companies, civil society and academia through a desk review of online publications post-2010, validated by purposively selected key informant interviews.The most polarised views were between civil society and academia on one hand, focused more on harms, and private business/investors on the other, almost exclusively focused on benefits. Others had mixed messaging, encouraging partnerships with commercial actors for health benefits and also voicing cautions over negative health impacts. Views also differed between transnational and domestic business and investors.Three areas of discourse stood out, demonstrating also tensions between commercial and public health objectives. These were the role of human rights as fundamental for or obstacle to engaging commercial practice in health; the development paradigm and role of a neoliberal political economy generating harms or opportunities for health; and the implications of commercial activity in health services. COVID-19 has amplified debate, generating demand for public sectors to incentivise commercial activity to 'modernise' and digitise health services and meet funding gaps and generating new thinking and engagement on domestic production of key health inputs.Power plays a critical role in CDOH. Commercial actors in SSA increase their influence through discursive and agential forms of power and take advantage of the structural power gained from a dominant view of free markets and for-profit commerce as essential for well-being. As a counterfactual, we found and present options for using these same three forms of narrative, agential and structural power to proactively advance public health objectives and leadership on CDOH in SSA.
    MeSH term(s) Africa South of the Sahara ; COVID-19 ; Commerce ; Government ; Humans ; Public Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2059-7908
    ISSN 2059-7908
    DOI 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009271
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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