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  1. Article ; Online: Profiling How the Gut Microbiome Modulates Host Xenobiotic Metabolism in Response to Benzo[

    Garcia, Whitney L / Miller, Carson J / Lomas, Gerard X / Gaither, Kari A / Tyrrell, Kimberly J / Smith, Jordan N / Brandvold, Kristoffer R / Wright, Aaron T

    Chemical research in toxicology

    2022  Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 585–596

    Abstract: The gut microbiome is a key contributor to xenobiotic metabolism. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an abundant class of environmental contaminants that have varying levels of carcinogenicity depending on their individual structures. Little is ... ...

    Abstract The gut microbiome is a key contributor to xenobiotic metabolism. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an abundant class of environmental contaminants that have varying levels of carcinogenicity depending on their individual structures. Little is known about how the gut microbiome affects the rates of PAH metabolism. This study sought to determine the role that the gut microbiome has in determining the various aspects of metabolism in the liver, before and after exposure to two structurally different PAHs, benzo[
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Benzo(a)pyrene ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Mice ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Pyrenes ; Xenobiotics
    Chemical Substances Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Pyrenes ; Xenobiotics ; Benzo(a)pyrene (3417WMA06D) ; 1-nitropyrene (TD1665I8Q4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639353-6
    ISSN 1520-5010 ; 0893-228X
    ISSN (online) 1520-5010
    ISSN 0893-228X
    DOI 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00360
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Activity-Based Protein Profiling of Chitin Catabolism.

    Zegeye, Elias K / Sadler, Natalie C / Lomas, Gerard X / Attah, Isaac K / Jansson, Janet K / Hofmockel, Kirsten S / Anderton, Christopher R / Wright, Aaron T

    Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology

    2020  Volume 22, Issue 4, Page(s) 717–723

    Abstract: The microbial catabolism of chitin, an abundant and ubiquitous environmental organic polymer, is a fundamental cog in terrestrial and aquatic carbon and nitrogen cycles. Despite the importance of this critical bio-geochemical function, there is a limited ...

    Abstract The microbial catabolism of chitin, an abundant and ubiquitous environmental organic polymer, is a fundamental cog in terrestrial and aquatic carbon and nitrogen cycles. Despite the importance of this critical bio-geochemical function, there is a limited understanding of the synergy between the various hydrolytic and accessory enzymes involved in chitin catabolism. To address this deficit, we synthesized activity-based probes (ABPs) designed to target active chitinolytic enzymes by modifying the chitin subunits N-acetyl glucosamine and chitotriose. The ABPs were used to determine the active complement of chitinolytic enzymes produced over time by the soil bacterium Cellvibrio japonicus treated with various C substrates. We demonstrate the utility of these ABPs in determining the synergy between various enzymes involved in chitin catabolism. The strategy can be used to gain molecular-level insights that can be used to better understand microbial roles in soil bio-geochemical cycling in the face of a changing climate.
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Cellvibrio/metabolism ; Chitin/metabolism ; Chitinases/metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Proteome/analysis ; Proteome/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; Proteome ; Chitin (1398-61-4) ; Chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2020469-3
    ISSN 1439-7633 ; 1439-4227
    ISSN (online) 1439-7633
    ISSN 1439-4227
    DOI 10.1002/cbic.202000616
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A Mineral-Doped Micromodel Platform Demonstrates Fungal Bridging of Carbon Hot Spots and Hyphal Transport of Mineral-Derived Nutrients.

    Bhattacharjee, Arunima / Qafoku, Odeta / Richardson, Jocelyn A / Anderson, Lindsey N / Schwarz, Kaitlyn / Bramer, Lisa M / Lomas, Gerard X / Orton, Daniel J / Zhu, Zihua / Engelhard, Mark H / Bowden, Mark E / Nelson, William C / Jumpponen, Ari / Jansson, Janet K / Hofmockel, Kirsten S / Anderton, Christopher R

    mSystems

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 6, Page(s) e0091322

    Abstract: Soil fungi facilitate the translocation of inorganic nutrients from soil minerals to other microorganisms and plants. This ability is particularly advantageous in impoverished soils because fungal mycelial networks can bridge otherwise spatially ... ...

    Abstract Soil fungi facilitate the translocation of inorganic nutrients from soil minerals to other microorganisms and plants. This ability is particularly advantageous in impoverished soils because fungal mycelial networks can bridge otherwise spatially disconnected and inaccessible nutrient hot spots. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal mineral weathering and transport through soil remains poorly understood primarily due to the lack of a platform for spatially resolved analysis of biotic-driven mineral weathering. Here, we addressed this knowledge gap by demonstrating a mineral-doped soil micromodel platform where mineral weathering mechanisms can be studied. We directly visualize acquisition and transport of inorganic nutrients from minerals through fungal hyphae in the micromodel using a multimodal imaging approach. We found that Fusarium sp. strain DS 682, a representative of common saprotrophic soil fungus, exhibited a mechanosensory response (thigmotropism) around obstacles and through pore spaces (~12 μm) in the presence of minerals. The fungus incorporated and translocated potassium (K) from K-rich mineral interfaces, as evidenced by visualization of mineral-derived nutrient transport and unique K chemical moieties following fungus-induced mineral weathering. Specific membrane transport proteins were expressed in the fungus in the presence of minerals, including those involved in oxidative phosphorylation pathways and the transmembrane transport of small-molecular-weight organic acids. This study establishes the significance of a spatial visualization platform for investigating microbial induced mineral weathering at microbially relevant scales. Moreover, we demonstrate the importance of fungal biology and nutrient translocation in maintaining fungal growth under water and carbon limitations in a reduced-complexity soil-like microenvironment.
    MeSH term(s) Hyphae/chemistry ; Mycorrhizae/chemistry ; Minerals/analysis ; Potassium/analysis ; Soil/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Minerals ; Potassium (RWP5GA015D) ; Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2379-5077
    ISSN (online) 2379-5077
    DOI 10.1128/msystems.00913-22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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