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  1. Article ; Online: POTENTIAL FOR PELLETIZED SOYBEANS AS FORAGE FOR DAIRY COWS IN SAN CARLOS, COSTA RICA

    Lori J. Unruh Snyder / Milton Villareal / Jorge A. Barrientos-Blanco

    eSci Journal of Crop Production, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 53-

    2012  Volume 58

    Abstract: Dairy producers in Costa Rica primarily utilize grazing systems for their production systems; however, they must supplement with high amounts of imported grain because pasture quality is low and can negatively impact milk yields or weight gain. In this ... ...

    Abstract Dairy producers in Costa Rica primarily utilize grazing systems for their production systems; however, they must supplement with high amounts of imported grain because pasture quality is low and can negatively impact milk yields or weight gain. In this research study, we used the industrial process to make forage pellets out of whole plant soybean ( Glycine max . L. Mer var CIGRAS 06) at the R6 stage in order to provide a high quality feed that is potentially more affordable than imported feeds. During this process, the soybean was dehydrated to 24.01% moisture content (MC) to create pellets. The pellets were evaluated for their nutritional value. These samples were taken in all phases of the process including a sample of the whole plant soybean. The soybeans were planted at a density of 773,514 seeds per acre. The yield obtained was of 6.04 DM tons/acre. This low yield occurred because of the low photoperiod and high rainfall during the time frame of September, October and November. The dehydrator was built from recycled materials. The capacity of the dehydrator was of 3.49 lbs per hour of dry forage and with an evaporation of 9.88 lbs H 2 O/hr. The energy required for the process was 0.278 lbs (LPG)/lb of dry forage. Pellet process was performed with a pelletizer property of Tico Fruit. The total production obtained was 0.414 tons of soybean pellets, with a 75.99% DM and a relative feed value (RVF) of level 3. The average for crude protein (CP) was 16.66%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) was 40.20%, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was 55.11%, and fat was 3.35%. The pellets had a final size particle of 0.256 in of diameter and 1 in average of length. Production costs for the soybean pellet were 0.38 dollars per pound. The high costs were due to the dehydration of the forage because of the high content of water when the soybean was harvested in field at 81.48 % MC (Figure 2). Overall, this primary investigation leads us to a better understanding of what steps are necessary to creating a pelletized feed that could be adapted for feeding in Costa Rica.
    Keywords Costa Rica ; dairy ; forage ; pellets ; soybeans ; Plant culture ; SB1-1110 ; Agriculture ; S ; DOAJ:Plant Sciences ; DOAJ:Agriculture and Food Sciences
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: NUTRITIONAL QUALITY AND COST OF PINEAPPLE AND KING GRASS FORAGE BLENDS FOR THE SAN CARLOS REGION OF COSTA RICA

    Jorge A. Barrientos-Blanco / Nicole J. Olynk Widmar / Lori J. Unruh Snyder

    eSci Journal of Crop Production, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 01-

    2013  Volume 07

    Abstract: There is an increasing interest in nontraditional feeds for livestock as more livestock are being raised within tropical climates. This study was conducted in May of 2010 in the San Carlos region of Costa Rica to evaluate new and novel feeds, such as ... ...

    Abstract There is an increasing interest in nontraditional feeds for livestock as more livestock are being raised within tropical climates. This study was conducted in May of 2010 in the San Carlos region of Costa Rica to evaluate new and novel feeds, such as pineapple ( Ananas comosus ) and king grass ( Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) forage blends, as an alternative to the traditional feeds offered. The study was designed to provide a nutritional and cost assessment of two new feeds, ensiled pineapple waste and ensiled king grass, blended with soybean ( Glycine max ) meal, citrus (Citrus sinensis ) pulp and rice ( Oryza sativa ) hulls to achieve three different levels of crude protein with a moisture content of 68%. The overarching objectives were to find alternative feeds for cattle that could be produced sustainably and economically. In conclusion, it is likely more advantageous to include pineapple waste as part of a feeding system because of its relatively lower ingredient cost.
    Keywords Feed cost ; forage ; king grass ; pineapple ; Plant culture ; SB1-1110 ; Agriculture ; S ; DOAJ:Plant Sciences ; DOAJ:Agriculture and Food Sciences
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: EXAMPLE DAIRY FARM BUDGETS TO GAUGE PASTURELAND PERFORMANCE OF THE SAN CARLOS REGION IN HUMID TROPICS OF COSTA RICA

    Jorge A. Barrientos-Blanco / Nicole J. Olynk Widmar / Lori J. Unruh Snyder

    eSci Journal of Crop Production, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 01-

    2012  Volume 11

    Abstract: Food security issues are a rising concern for many as world population growth increases and demand for food resources continues to grow. Demand in Central America for meat and milk products is increasing. Within Costa Rica, public attention has focused ... ...

    Abstract Food security issues are a rising concern for many as world population growth increases and demand for food resources continues to grow. Demand in Central America for meat and milk products is increasing. Within Costa Rica, public attention has focused on deforestation, increases in acreage for pastureland, and the associated environmental impacts on water and soil quality. Pasturelands need to be more economically managed in order to meet the food security demands while limiting negative environmental impacts. In order to cope with the forage production challenges it is necessary to promote the use of tools and models that are capable of quantifying trade-off that occur between economy, sustainability and environment. In Costa Rica, dairy farms can integrate these social and environmental aspects into production decisions by incorporating socio-economic information into their decision-making. This study calculated costs of production to facilitate evaluation of tradeoffs under various management systems. While considering revenue streams and cash costs association with pasture management, farm managers may also want to consider factors like long-term soil productivity, soil compaction, and whether additional investments (i.e. walkways for cattle) may be warranted to preserve the future production potential of pastures. Although this field study is limited, by a one-year data collect, the research presented within this paper provides an extensive model that can be replicated and utilized to make effective management decisions for producers within San Carlos region of Costa Rica.
    Keywords Brachiaria radicans ; Cynodon nlemfuensis ; decision making ; farm management ; pasture management ; and tropical forages. ; Plant culture ; SB1-1110 ; Agriculture ; S ; DOAJ:Plant Sciences ; DOAJ:Agriculture and Food Sciences
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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