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  1. Article ; Online: MP-RAVE: IR-Prepared T

    Solomon, Eddy / Lotan, Eyal / Zan, Elcin / Sodickson, Daniel K / Block, Kai Tobias / Chandarana, Hersh

    Magnetic resonance in medicine

    2023  Volume 90, Issue 1, Page(s) 202–210

    Abstract: Purpose: To describe an inversion-recovery T: Methods: The proposed sequence, named MP-RAVE, has been derived from a previously described radial stack-of-stars 3D GRE sequence (RAVE) and includes a 180° inversion recovery pulse that is generated once ...

    Abstract Purpose: To describe an inversion-recovery T
    Methods: The proposed sequence, named MP-RAVE, has been derived from a previously described radial stack-of-stars 3D GRE sequence (RAVE) and includes a 180° inversion recovery pulse that is generated once for every stack of radial views. The sequence is combined with retrospective 3D motion correction to improve robustness. The effectiveness has been evaluated in phantoms and healthy volunteers and compared to conventional MP-RAGE acquisition.
    Results: MP-RAGE and MP-RAVE anatomical images were rated "good" to "excellent" in overall image quality, with artifact level between "mild" and "no artifacts", and with no statistically significant difference between methods. During head motion, MP-RAVE showed higher inherent robustness with artifacts confined to local brain regions. In combination with motion correction, MP-RAVE provided noticeably improved image quality during different head motion and showed statistically significant improvement in image sharpness.
    Conclusion: MP-RAVE provides comparable image quality and contrast to conventional MP-RAGE with improved robustness to head motion. In combination with retrospective 3D motion correction, MP-RAVE can be a useful alternative to MP-RAGE, especially in non-cooperative or pediatric patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Retrospective Studies ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods ; Contrast Media ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Brain/diagnostic imaging
    Chemical Substances Contrast Media
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 605774-3
    ISSN 1522-2594 ; 0740-3194
    ISSN (online) 1522-2594
    ISSN 0740-3194
    DOI 10.1002/mrm.29614
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  2. Article: Vigabatrin Toxicity in a Patient with Infantile Spasms Treated with Concomitant Hormonal Therapy.

    Lotan, Eyal / Bluvstein, Judith / Zan, Elcin

    The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ

    2020  Volume 22, Issue 7, Page(s) 461–462

    MeSH term(s) Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/therapeutic use ; Anticonvulsants/adverse effects ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain Diseases/chemically induced ; Brain Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Drug Therapy, Combination/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Spasms, Infantile/drug therapy ; Vigabatrin/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Anticonvulsants ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (9002-60-2) ; Vigabatrin (GR120KRT6K)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-25
    Publishing country Israel
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2008291-5
    ISSN 1565-1088 ; 0021-2180
    ISSN 1565-1088 ; 0021-2180
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  3. Article ; Online: Distinguishing Brain Metastasis Progression From Radiation Effects After Stereotactic Radiosurgery Using Longitudinal GRASP Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI.

    Berger, Assaf / Lee, Matthew D / Lotan, Eyal / Block, Kai Tobias / Fatterpekar, Girish / Kondziolka, Douglas

    Neurosurgery

    2022  Volume 92, Issue 3, Page(s) 497–506

    Abstract: Background: Differentiating brain metastasis progression from radiation effects or radiation necrosis (RN) remains challenging. Golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI provides high spatial and temporal resolution to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Differentiating brain metastasis progression from radiation effects or radiation necrosis (RN) remains challenging. Golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI provides high spatial and temporal resolution to analyze tissue enhancement, which may differ between tumor progression (TP) and RN.
    Objective: To investigate the utility of longitudinal GRASP MRI in distinguishing TP from RN after gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).
    Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 48 patients with brain metastasis managed with SRS at our institution from 2013 to 2020 who had GRASP MRI before and at least once after SRS. TP (n = 16) was pathologically confirmed. RN (n = 16) was diagnosed on either resected tissue without evidence of tumor or on lesion resolution on follow-up. As a reference, we included a separate group of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer that showed favorable response with tumor control and without RN on subsequent imaging (n = 16). Mean contrast washin and washout slopes normalized to the superior sagittal sinus were compared between groups. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine diagnostic performance.
    Results: After SRS, progression showed a significantly steeper washin slope than RN on all 3 follow-up scans (scan 1: 0.29 ± 0.16 vs 0.18 ± 0.08, P = .021; scan 2: 0.35 ± 0.19 vs 0.18 ± 0.09, P = .004; scan 3: 0.32 ± 0.12 vs 0.17 ± 0.07, P = .002). No significant differences were found in the post-SRS washout slope. Post-SRS washin slope differentiated progression and RN with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.74, a sensitivity of 75%, and a specificity of 69% on scan 1; an AUC of 0.85, a sensitivity of 92%, and a specificity of 69% on scan 2; and an AUC of 0.87, a sensitivity of 63%, and a specificity of 100% on scan 3.
    Conclusion: Longitudinal GRASP MRI may help to differentiate metastasis progression from RN.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/surgery ; Radiosurgery/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Brain Neoplasms/surgery ; Radiation Injuries/diagnostic imaging ; Radiation Injuries/etiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Necrosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 135446-2
    ISSN 1524-4040 ; 0148-396X
    ISSN (online) 1524-4040
    ISSN 0148-396X
    DOI 10.1227/neu.0000000000002228
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  4. Article ; Online: Baroreflex sensitivity is associated with markers of hippocampal gliosis and dysmyelination in patients with psychosis.

    Mueller, Bridget / Robinson-Papp, Jessica / Suprun, Maria / Suarez-Farinas, Mayte / Lotan, Eyal / Gonen, Oded / Malaspina, Dolores

    Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society

    2023  Volume 33, Issue 2, Page(s) 101–110

    Abstract: Purpose: Hippocampal dysfunction plays a key role in the pathology of psychosis. Given hippocampal sensitivity to changes in cerebral perfusion, decreased baroreflex function could contribute to psychosis pathogenesis. This study had two aims: (1) To ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Hippocampal dysfunction plays a key role in the pathology of psychosis. Given hippocampal sensitivity to changes in cerebral perfusion, decreased baroreflex function could contribute to psychosis pathogenesis. This study had two aims: (1) To compare baroreflex sensitivity in participants with psychosis to two control groups: participants with a nonpsychotic affective disorder and participants with no history of psychiatric disease; (2) to examine the relationship between hippocampal neurometabolites and baroreflex sensitivities in these three groups. We hypothesized that baroreflex sensitivity would be reduced and correlated with hippocampal neurometabolite levels in participants with psychosis, but not in the control groups.
    Methods: We assessed baroreflex sensitivity during the Valsalva maneuver separated into vagal and adrenergic components. Metabolite concentrations for cellular processes were quantitated in the entire multivoxel hippocampus using H
    Results: Vagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS-V) was reduced in a significantly larger proportion of participants with psychosis compared with patients with nonpsychotic affective disorders, whereas participants with psychosis had increased adrenergic baroreflex sensitivity (BRS-A) compared with participants with no history of psychiatric disease. Only in psychotic cases were baroreflex sensitivities associated with hippocampal metabolite concentrations. Specifically, BRS-V was inversely correlated with myo-inositol, a marker of gliosis, and BRS-A was positively correlated with energy dependent dysmyelination (choline, creatine) and excitatory activity (GLX).
    Conclusions: Abnormal baroreflex sensitivity is common in participants with psychosis and is associated with MRS markers of hippocampal pathology. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine causality.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Baroreflex ; Blood Pressure ; Gliosis ; Heart Rate ; Psychotic Disorders ; Hippocampus ; Adrenergic Agents
    Chemical Substances Adrenergic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-06
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1080007-4
    ISSN 1619-1560 ; 0959-9851
    ISSN (online) 1619-1560
    ISSN 0959-9851
    DOI 10.1007/s10286-023-00929-x
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  5. Article: Brain 18F-FDG-PET: Utility in the Diagnosis of Dementia and Epilepsy.

    Lotan, Eyal / Friedman, Kent P / Davidson, Tima / Shepherd, Timothy M

    The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ

    2020  Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 178–184

    Abstract: Background: The authors reviewed the two most common current uses of brain 18F-labeled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) at a large academic medical center. For epilepsy patients considering surgical management, FDG-PET can ... ...

    Abstract Background: The authors reviewed the two most common current uses of brain 18F-labeled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) at a large academic medical center. For epilepsy patients considering surgical management, FDG-PET can help localize epileptogenic lesions, discriminate between multiple or discordant EEG or MRI findings, and predict prognosis for post-surgical seizure control. In elderly patients with cognitive impairment, FDG-PET often demonstrates lobar-specific patterns of hypometabolism that suggest particular underlying neurodegenerative pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease. FDG-PET of the brain can be a key diagnostic modality and contribute to improved patient care.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/pathology ; Dementia/diagnostic imaging ; Dementia/pathology ; Epilepsy/diagnostic imaging ; Epilepsy/pathology ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods
    Chemical Substances Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (0Z5B2CJX4D)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-09
    Publishing country Israel
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2008291-5
    ISSN 1565-1088 ; 0021-2180
    ISSN 1565-1088 ; 0021-2180
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  6. Article ; Online: Volumetric brain changes in MOGAD: A cross-sectional and longitudinal comparative analysis.

    Lotan, Itay / Billiet, Thibo / Ribbens, Annemie / Van Hecke, Wim / Huang, Benny / Kister, Ilya / Lotan, Eyal

    Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

    2022  Volume 69, Page(s) 104436

    Abstract: Background: Relatively little is known about how global and regional brain volumes changes in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) compare with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), ... ...

    Abstract Background: Relatively little is known about how global and regional brain volumes changes in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) compare with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and healthy controls (HC).
    Objective: To compare global and regional brain volumes in MOGAD, MS, NMOSD, and HC cross-sectionally as well as longitudinally in a subset of patients.
    Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all adult MOGAD and NMOSD patients with brain MRI performed in stable remission and compared them with MS patients and HC. Volumetric parameters were assessed using the FDA-approved icobrain software. adjusted for age and sex.
    Results: Twenty-four MOGAD, 47 NMOSD, 40 MS patients, and 37 HC were included in the cross-sectional analyses. Relative to HC, the age-adjusted whole brain (WB) volume was significantly lower in patients with MOGAD (p=0.0002), NMOSD (p=0.042), and MS (p=0.01). Longitudinal analysis of a subset of 8 MOGAD, 22 NMOSD, and 34 MS patients showed a reduction in the WB and cortical gray matter (CGM) volumes over time in all three disease groups, without statistically significant differences between groups. The MOGAD group had a greater loss of thalamic volume compared to MS (p=0.028) and NMOSD (p=0.023) and a greater loss of hippocampal volumes compared to MS (p=0.007).
    Conclusions: Age-adjusted WB volume loss was evident in all neuroinflammatory conditions relative to HC in cross-sectional comparisons. In longitudinal analyses, MOGAD patients had a higher thalamic atrophy rate relative to MS and NMOSD, and a higher hippocampal atrophy rate relative to MS. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings and to investigate their clinical implications.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aquaporin 4 ; Autoantibodies ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Gray Matter ; Hippocampus ; Multiple Sclerosis/diagnostic imaging ; Neuromyelitis Optica/diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Aquaporin 4 ; Autoantibodies ; MOG protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2645330-7
    ISSN 2211-0356 ; 2211-0348
    ISSN (online) 2211-0356
    ISSN 2211-0348
    DOI 10.1016/j.msard.2022.104436
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  7. Article ; Online: Quantitative imaging features predict spinal tap response in normal pressure hydrocephalus.

    Lotan, Eyal / Damadian, Brianna E / Rusinek, Henry / Griffin, Megan / Ades-Aron, Benjamin / Lu, Ning / Golomb, James / George, Ajax E

    Neuroradiology

    2021  Volume 64, Issue 3, Page(s) 473–481

    Abstract: Purpose: Gait improvement following high-volume lumbar puncture (HVLP) and continuous lumbar drain (cLD) is widely used to predict shunt response in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Here, we investigate differences in MRI ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Gait improvement following high-volume lumbar puncture (HVLP) and continuous lumbar drain (cLD) is widely used to predict shunt response in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Here, we investigate differences in MRI volumetric and traditional measures between HVLP/cLD responders and non-responders to identify imaging features that may help predict HVLP/cLD response.
    Methods: Eighty-two patients with suspected NPH were studied retrospectively. Gait testing was performed before and immediately/24 h/72 h after HVLP/cLD. A positive response was defined as improvement in gait post-procedure. Thirty-six responders (26 men; mean age 79.3 ± 6.3) and 46 non-responders (25 men; mean age 77.2 ± 6.1) underwent pre-procedure brain MRI including a 3D T1-weighted sequence. Subcortical regional volumes were segmented using FreeSurfer. After normalizing for total intracranial volume, two-way type III ANCOVA test and chi-square test were used to characterize statistical group differences. Evans' index, callosal angle (CA), and disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression models were tested using Akaike information criterion to determine which combination of metrics most accurately predicts HVLP/cLD response.
    Results: Responders and non-responders demonstrated no differences in total ventricular and white/gray matter volumes. CA (men only) and third and fourth ventricular volumes were smaller; and hippocampal volume was larger in responders (p < 0.05). Temporal horns volume correlated with degree of improvement in gait velocity in responders (p = 0.0006). The regression model was 76.8% accurate for HVLP/cLD response.
    Conclusion: CA and third and fourth ventricular volumes and hippocampal volume may serve as potentially useful imaging features that may help predict spinal tap response and hence potentially shunt response.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/diagnostic imaging ; Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Neuroimaging/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Puncture
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-20
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 123305-1
    ISSN 1432-1920 ; 0028-3940
    ISSN (online) 1432-1920
    ISSN 0028-3940
    DOI 10.1007/s00234-021-02782-z
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  8. Article: 18F-FDG PET-CT postoperative changes after maxillectomy: Findings and pitfalls in interpretation.

    Davidson, Tima / Nissan, Johnatan / Krichmar, Maria / Lotan, Eyal / Shrot, Shai / Gluck, Iris / Lawson, Paul / Yahalom, Ran / Duvdevani, Shay

    Dento maxillo facial radiology

    2021  Volume 50, Issue 7, Page(s) 20200574

    Abstract: Objective: We investigated the findings and pitfalls of FDG-PET/CT scanning after maxillectomy with reconstruction/rehabilitation procedures, in patients with head and neck malignancies treated during nine years at one tertiary medical centre.: ... ...

    Abstract Objective: We investigated the findings and pitfalls of FDG-PET/CT scanning after maxillectomy with reconstruction/rehabilitation procedures, in patients with head and neck malignancies treated during nine years at one tertiary medical centre.
    Methods: Fourteen patients (10 males), aged 22-84 years, underwent 17 reconstruction/rehabilitation maxillectomy surgeries and 35 PET/CT scans. Postoperative PET/CT findings were correlated with clinical and imaging follow-up.
    Results: Increased FDG uptake, mean SUVmax 2.4 ± 1.4 (range 0.3-4.3), was observed at the postoperative bed following 12 of 17 surgeries (71%; 10 obturators, two mesh reconstructions). Following the remaining 5/17 surgeries (three with a fat flap and two without any reconstructions), abnormal FDG uptake was not observed at the postoperative bed.CT features of postoperative sites included: non-homogeneous mixed iso/hyperdense structures (hollow or filled) with multiple surrounding and/or inside air bubbles ("sponge appearance") and mucosal thickening along the postoperative bed wall (in all cases with obturator implants); rich fat density material in reconstructions with a fat flap and in closures without reconstruction, and radiopaque elongated structures in mesh reconstructions.No correlation was found of the mean SUVmax in initial scans, with the time from the surgery date (10 ± 6 months; r=0.04,
    Conclusions:: Increased FDG uptake, together with corresponding non-specific CT features, may persist for a prolonged period after surgery with obturators and mesh implantations, mimicking malignancy or infection. Awareness of variations in postoperative PET-CT appearance can help avoid false interpretations and redundant invasive procedures.
    MeSH term(s) Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Male ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Radiopharmaceuticals ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (0Z5B2CJX4D)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 221323-0
    ISSN 1476-542X ; 0250-832X ; 0349-490X
    ISSN (online) 1476-542X
    ISSN 0250-832X ; 0349-490X
    DOI 10.1259/dmfr.20200574
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  9. Article ; Online: Gut and oral microbiome modulate molecular and clinical markers of schizophrenia-related symptoms: A transdiagnostic, multilevel pilot study.

    Lee, Jakleen J / Piras, Enrica / Tamburini, Sabrina / Bu, Kevin / Wallach, David S / Remsen, Brooke / Cantor, Adam / Kong, Jennifer / Goetz, Deborah / Hoffman, Kevin W / Bonner, Mharisi / Joe, Peter / Mueller, Bridget R / Robinson-Papp, Jessica / Lotan, Eyal / Gonen, Oded / Malaspina, Dolores / Clemente, Jose C

    Psychiatry research

    2023  Volume 326, Page(s) 115279

    Abstract: Although increasing evidence links microbial dysbiosis with the risk for psychiatric symptoms through the microbiome-gut-brain axis (MGBA), the specific mechanisms remain poorly characterized. In a diagnostically heterogeneous group of treated ... ...

    Abstract Although increasing evidence links microbial dysbiosis with the risk for psychiatric symptoms through the microbiome-gut-brain axis (MGBA), the specific mechanisms remain poorly characterized. In a diagnostically heterogeneous group of treated psychiatric cases and nonpsychiatric controls, we characterized the gut and oral microbiome, plasma cytokines, and hippocampal inflammatory processes via proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Schizophrenia/microbiology ; Pilot Projects ; Microbiota ; Biomarkers ; Cytokines
    Chemical Substances methylglyoxal bis(3-aminopropylamidinohydrazone) (121496-63-7) ; Biomarkers ; Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 445361-x
    ISSN 1872-7123 ; 1872-7506 ; 0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
    ISSN (online) 1872-7123 ; 1872-7506
    ISSN 0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
    DOI 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115279
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  10. Article ; Online: Medical Imaging and Privacy in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: Myth, Fallacy, and the Future.

    Lotan, Eyal / Tschider, Charlotte / Sodickson, Daniel K / Caplan, Arthur L / Bruno, Mary / Zhang, Ben / Lui, Yvonne W

    Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR

    2020  Volume 17, Issue 9, Page(s) 1159–1162

    MeSH term(s) Artificial Intelligence ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Forecasting ; Privacy ; Radiography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2274861-1
    ISSN 1558-349X ; 1546-1440
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    ISSN 1546-1440
    DOI 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.04.007
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