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  1. Article ; Online: The Human Affectome Project: A dedication to Jaak Panksepp.

    Cromwell, Howard C / Lowe, Leroy J

    Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

    2022  Volume 138, Page(s) 104693

    Abstract: Mapping the neural basis of the Affectome was certainly the goal of Jaak Panksepp as he extended the work of a long line of thinkers from William James to Paul Maclean. Jaak's contribution was not just an incremental step, but a move to embrace feelings ... ...

    Abstract Mapping the neural basis of the Affectome was certainly the goal of Jaak Panksepp as he extended the work of a long line of thinkers from William James to Paul Maclean. Jaak's contribution was not just an incremental step, but a move to embrace feelings as a key component of affective science. His goal was to develop objective behavioral measures as he identified the neural substrates associated with affective states. He dedicated his career to studying the biological roots of emotional operating systems and his 1998 book "Affective Neuroscience" stands as a seminal accomplishment that provided a foundation for a field of research that has flourished since. His influences can be seen in many of the reviews created for this project and his early references to comfort zones are central to the human affectome. Indeed, Jaak was a tireless investigator who challenged our thinking, and he gave us many insights and gifts. We are immensely grateful for his contributions and this special issue is dedicated to his memory.
    MeSH term(s) Anniversaries and Special Events ; Emotions ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; Motivation ; Neurosciences
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282464-4
    ISSN 1873-7528 ; 0149-7634
    ISSN (online) 1873-7528
    ISSN 0149-7634
    DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104693
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  2. Article ; Online: Tackling heterogeneity in treatment-resistant breast cancer using a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach.

    Lowe, Leroy / LaValley, J William / Felsher, Dean W

    Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.)

    2022  Volume 5, Issue 4, Page(s) 917–925

    Abstract: Tumor heterogeneity can contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance in cancer, including advanced breast cancers. The object of the Halifax project was to identify new treatments that would address mechanisms of therapeutic resistance through ...

    Abstract Tumor heterogeneity can contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance in cancer, including advanced breast cancers. The object of the Halifax project was to identify new treatments that would address mechanisms of therapeutic resistance through tumor heterogeneity by uncovering combinations of therapeutics that could target the hallmarks of cancer rather than focusing on individual gene products. A taskforce of 180 cancer researchers, used molecular profiling to highlight key targets responsible for each of the hallmarks of cancer and then find existing therapeutic agents that could be used to reach those targets with limited toxicity. In many cases, natural health products and re-purposed pharmaceuticals were identified as potential agents. Hence, by combining the molecular profiling of tumors with therapeutics that target the hallmark features of cancer, the heterogeneity of advanced-stage breast cancers can be addressed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2578-532X
    ISSN (online) 2578-532X
    DOI 10.20517/cdr.2022.40
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  3. Article ; Online: Testing the low dose mixtures hypothesis from the Halifax project.

    Goodson, William H / Lowe, Leroy / Gilbertson, Michael / Carpenter, David O

    Reviews on environmental health

    2020  Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 333–357

    Abstract: In 2013, 60 scientists, representing a larger group of 174 scientists from 26 nations, met in Halifax, Nova Scotia to consider whether - using published research - it was logical to anticipate that a mixture of chemicals, each thought to be non- ... ...

    Abstract In 2013, 60 scientists, representing a larger group of 174 scientists from 26 nations, met in Halifax, Nova Scotia to consider whether - using published research - it was logical to anticipate that a mixture of chemicals, each thought to be non-carcinogenic, might act together in that mixture as a
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Carcinogenesis/chemically induced ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Humans ; Nova Scotia
    Chemical Substances Carcinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-24
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 184450-7
    ISSN 2191-0308 ; 0048-7562 ; 0048-7554
    ISSN (online) 2191-0308
    ISSN 0048-7562 ; 0048-7554
    DOI 10.1515/reveh-2020-0033
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  4. Article ; Online: Affordable Cancer Medications Are Within Reach but We Need a Different Approach.

    Felsher, Dean W / Lowe, Leroy

    Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

    2016  Volume 34, Issue 18, Page(s) 2194–2195

    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Agents/economics ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-05-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 604914-x
    ISSN 1527-7755 ; 0732-183X
    ISSN (online) 1527-7755
    ISSN 0732-183X
    DOI 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.2436
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  5. Article ; Online: Using the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens to Develop Research on Chemical Mixtures and Cancer.

    Rider, Cynthia V / McHale, Cliona M / Webster, Thomas F / Lowe, Leroy / Goodson, William H / La Merrill, Michele A / Rice, Glenn / Zeise, Lauren / Zhang, Luoping / Smith, Martyn T

    Environmental health perspectives

    2021  Volume 129, Issue 3, Page(s) 35003

    Abstract: Background: People are exposed to numerous chemicals throughout their lifetimes. Many of these chemicals display one or more of the key characteristics of carcinogens or interact with processes described in the hallmarks of cancer. Therefore, evaluating ...

    Abstract Background: People are exposed to numerous chemicals throughout their lifetimes. Many of these chemicals display one or more of the key characteristics of carcinogens or interact with processes described in the hallmarks of cancer. Therefore, evaluating the effects of chemical mixtures on cancer development is an important pursuit. Challenges involved in designing research studies to evaluate the joint action of chemicals on cancer risk include the time taken to perform the experiments because of the long latency and choosing an appropriate experimental design.
    Objectives: The objectives of this work are to present the case for developing a research program on mixtures of environmental chemicals and cancer risk and describe recommended approaches.
    Methods: A working group comprising the coauthors focused attention on the design of mixtures studies to inform cancer risk assessment as part of a larger effort to refine the key characteristics of carcinogens and explore their application. Working group members reviewed the key characteristics of carcinogens, hallmarks of cancer, and mixtures research for other disease end points. The group discussed options for developing tractable projects to evaluate the joint effects of environmental chemicals on cancer development.
    Results and discussion: Three approaches for developing a research program to evaluate the effects of mixtures on cancer development were proposed: a chemical screening approach, a transgenic model-based approach, and a disease-centered approach. Advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8525.
    MeSH term(s) Carcinogens/toxicity ; Humans ; Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Risk
    Chemical Substances Carcinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 195189-0
    ISSN 1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    ISSN (online) 1552-9924
    ISSN 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    DOI 10.1289/EHP8525
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  6. Article ; Online: Low-Dose Mixture Hypothesis of Carcinogenesis Workshop: Scientific Underpinnings and Research Recommendations.

    Miller, Mark F / Goodson, William H / Manjili, Masoud H / Kleinstreuer, Nicole / Bisson, William H / Lowe, Leroy

    Environmental health perspectives

    2017  Volume 125, Issue 2, Page(s) 163–169

    Abstract: Background: The current single-chemical-as-carcinogen risk assessment paradigm might underestimate or miss the cumulative effects of exposure to chemical mixtures, as highlighted in recent work from the Halifax Project. This is particularly important ... ...

    Abstract Background: The current single-chemical-as-carcinogen risk assessment paradigm might underestimate or miss the cumulative effects of exposure to chemical mixtures, as highlighted in recent work from the Halifax Project. This is particularly important for chemical exposures in the low-dose range that may be affecting crucial cancer hallmark mechanisms that serve to enable carcinogenesis.
    Objective: Could ongoing low-dose exposures to a mixture of commonly encountered environmental chemicals produce effects in concert that lead to carcinogenesis? A workshop held at the NIEHS in August 2015 evaluated the scientific support for the low-dose mixture hypothesis of carcinogenesis and developed a research agenda. Here we describe the science that supports this novel theory, identify knowledge gaps, recommend future methodologies, and explore preventative risk assessment and policy decision-making that incorporates cancer biology, environmental health science, translational toxicology, and clinical epidemiology.
    Discussion and conclusions: The theoretical merits of the low-dose carcinogenesis hypothesis are well founded with clear biological relevance, and therefore, the premise warrants further investigation. Expert recommendations include the need for better insights into the ways in which noncarcinogenic constituents might combine to uniquely affect the process of cellular transformation (in vitro) and environmental carcinogenesis (in vivo), including investigations of the role of key defense mechanisms in maintaining transformed cells in a dormant state. The scientific community will need to acknowledge limitations of animal-based models in predicting human responses; evaluate biological events leading to carcinogenesis both spatially and temporally; examine the overlap between measurable cancer hallmarks and characteristics of carcinogens; incorporate epigenetic biomarkers, in silico modelling, high-performance computing and high-resolution imaging, microbiome, metabolomics, and transcriptomics into future research efforts; and build molecular annotations of network perturbations. The restructuring of many existing regulatory frameworks will require adequate testing of relevant environmental mixtures to build a critical mass of evidence on which to base policy decisions. Citation: Miller MF, Goodson WH III, Manjili MH, Kleinstreuer N, Bisson WH, Lowe L. 2017. Low-Dose Mixture Hypothesis of Carcinogenesis Workshop: scientific underpinnings and research recommendations. Environ Health Perspect 125:163-169; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP411.
    MeSH term(s) Carcinogenesis ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Complex Mixtures ; Consensus ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Education ; Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data ; Environmental Pollution/statistics & numerical data ; Models, Animal ; Neoplasms ; Risk Assessment
    Chemical Substances Carcinogens ; Complex Mixtures
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 195189-0
    ISSN 1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    ISSN (online) 1552-9924
    ISSN 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    DOI 10.1289/EHP411
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  7. Article ; Online: A sensorimotor control framework for understanding emotional communication and regulation.

    Williams, Justin H G / Huggins, Charlotte F / Zupan, Barbra / Willis, Megan / Van Rheenen, Tamsyn E / Sato, Wataru / Palermo, Romina / Ortner, Catherine / Krippl, Martin / Kret, Mariska / Dickson, Joanne M / Li, Chiang-Shan R / Lowe, Leroy

    Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

    2020  Volume 112, Page(s) 503–518

    Abstract: Our research team was asked to consider the relationship of the neuroscience of sensorimotor control to the language of emotions and feelings. Actions are the principal means for the communication of emotions and feelings in both humans and other animals, ...

    Abstract Our research team was asked to consider the relationship of the neuroscience of sensorimotor control to the language of emotions and feelings. Actions are the principal means for the communication of emotions and feelings in both humans and other animals, and the allostatic mechanisms controlling action also apply to the regulation of emotional states by the self and others. We consider how motor control of hierarchically organised, feedback-based, goal-directed action has evolved in humans, within a context of consciousness, appraisal and cultural learning, to serve emotions and feelings. In our linguistic analysis, we found that many emotion and feelings words could be assigned to stages in the sensorimotor learning process, but the assignment was often arbitrary. The embodied nature of emotional communication means that action words are frequently used, but that the meanings or senses of the word depend on its contextual use, just as the relationship of an action to an emotion is also contextually dependent.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain/physiology ; Communication ; Consciousness/physiology ; Emotional Regulation/physiology ; Emotions/physiology ; Executive Function/physiology ; Goals ; Humans ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Thinking/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282464-4
    ISSN 1873-7528 ; 0149-7634
    ISSN (online) 1873-7528
    ISSN 0149-7634
    DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.02.014
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  8. Article ; Online: The neuroscience of social feelings: mechanisms of adaptive social functioning.

    Eslinger, Paul J / Anders, Silke / Ballarini, Tommaso / Boutros, Sydney / Krach, Sören / Mayer, Annalina V / Moll, Jorge / Newton, Tamara L / Schroeter, Matthias L / de Oliveira-Souza, Ricardo / Raber, Jacob / Sullivan, Gavin B / Swain, James E / Lowe, Leroy / Zahn, Roland

    Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

    2021  Volume 128, Page(s) 592–620

    Abstract: Social feelings have conceptual and empirical connections with affect and emotion. In this review, we discuss how they relate to cognition, emotion, behavior and well-being. We examine the functional neuroanatomy and neurobiology of social feelings and ... ...

    Abstract Social feelings have conceptual and empirical connections with affect and emotion. In this review, we discuss how they relate to cognition, emotion, behavior and well-being. We examine the functional neuroanatomy and neurobiology of social feelings and their role in adaptive social functioning. Existing neuroscience literature is reviewed to identify concepts, methods and challenges that might be addressed by social feelings research. Specific topic areas highlight the influence and modulation of social feelings on interpersonal affiliation, parent-child attachments, moral sentiments, interpersonal stressors, and emotional communication. Brain regions involved in social feelings were confirmed by meta-analysis using the Neurosynth platform for large-scale, automated synthesis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Words that relate specifically to social feelings were identfied as potential research variables. Topical inquiries into social media behaviors, loneliness, trauma, and social sensitivity, especially with recent physical distancing for guarding public and personal health, underscored the increasing importance of social feelings for affective and second person neuroscience research with implications for brain development, physical and mental health, and lifelong adaptive functioning.
    MeSH term(s) Cognition ; Emotions ; Humans ; Neurosciences ; Social Behavior ; Social Interaction
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282464-4
    ISSN 1873-7528 ; 0149-7634
    ISSN (online) 1873-7528
    ISSN 0149-7634
    DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.028
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  9. Article ; Online: Assessing the Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Breast Cancer Mortality in the United States.

    Yedjou, Clement G / Tchounwou, Paul B / Payton, Marinelle / Miele, Lucio / Fonseca, Duber D / Lowe, Leroy / Alo, Richard A

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2017  Volume 14, Issue 5

    Abstract: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths among women aged 40-55 in the United States and currently affects more than one in ten women worldwide. It is also one of the most diagnosed cancers in women both in wealthy and poor ... ...

    Abstract Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths among women aged 40-55 in the United States and currently affects more than one in ten women worldwide. It is also one of the most diagnosed cancers in women both in wealthy and poor countries. Fortunately, the mortality rate from breast cancer has decreased in recent years due to increased emphasis on early detection and more effective treatments in White population. Although the mortality rates have declined in some ethnic populations, the overall cancer incidence among African American and Hispanic populations has continued to grow. The goal of the present review article was to highlight similarities and differences in breast cancer morbidity and mortality rates primarily among African American women compared to White women in the United States. To reach our goal, we conducted a search of articles in journals with a primary focus on minority health, and authors who had published articles on racial/ethnic disparity related to breast cancer patients. A systematic search of original research was conducted using MEDLINE, PUBMED and Google Scholar databases. We found that racial/ethnic disparities in breast cancer may be attributed to a large number of clinical and non-clinical risk factors including lack of medical coverage, barriers to early detection and screening, more advanced stage of disease at diagnosis among minorities, and unequal access to improvements in cancer treatment. Many African American women have frequent unknown or unstaged breast cancers than White women. These risk factors may explain the differences in breast cancer treatment and survival rate between African American women and White women. New strategies and approaches are needed to promote breast cancer prevention, improve survival rate, reduce breast cancer mortality, and ultimately improve the health outcomes of racial/ethnic minorities.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; African Americans ; Breast Neoplasms/ethnology ; Continental Population Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Ethnic Groups/statistics & numerical data ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph14050486
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  10. Article: Health and Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer.

    Yedjou, Clement G / Sims, Jennifer N / Miele, Lucio / Noubissi, Felicite / Lowe, Leroy / Fonseca, Duber D / Alo, Richard A / Payton, Marinelle / Tchounwou, Paul B

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2019  Volume 1152, Page(s) 31–49

    Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common noncutaneous malignancy and the second most lethal form of cancer among women in the United States. It currently affects more than one in ten women worldwide. The chance for a female to be diagnosed with breast cancer ... ...

    Abstract Breast cancer is the most common noncutaneous malignancy and the second most lethal form of cancer among women in the United States. It currently affects more than one in ten women worldwide. The chance for a female to be diagnosed with breast cancer during her lifetime has significantly increased from 1 in 11 women in 1975 to 1 in 8 women (Altekruse, SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2007. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 2010). This chance for a female of being diagnosed with cancer generally increases with age (Howlader et al, SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2010. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 2013). Fortunately, the mortality rate from breast cancer has decreased in recent years due to increased emphasis on early detection and more effective treatments in the White population. Although the mortality rates have declined in some ethnic populations, the overall cancer incidence among African American and Hispanic population has continued to grow. The goal of the work presented in this book chapter is to highlight similarities and differences in breast cancer morbidity and mortality rates among non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black populations. This book chapter also provides an overview of breast cancer, racial/ethnic disparities in breast cancer, breast cancer incidence and mortality rate linked to hereditary, major risk factors of breast cancer among minority population, breast cancer treatment, and health disparity. A considerable amount of breast cancer treatment research have been conducted, but with limited success for African Americans compared to other ethnic groups. Therefore, new strategies and approaches are needed to promote breast cancer prevention, improve survival rates, reduce breast cancer mortality, and ultimately improve the health outcomes of racial/ethnic minorities. In addition, it is vital that leaders and medical professionals from minority population groups be represented in decision-making in research so that racial disparity in breast cancer can be well-studied, fully addressed, and ultimately eliminated in breast cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Black or African American ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms/ethnology ; Female ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; White People
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 410187-X
    ISSN 0065-2598
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_3
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