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Book ; Online: Ternary and Binary Quantization for Improved Classification

Lu, Weizhi / Chen, Mingrui / Guo, Kai / Li, Weiyu

2022

Abstract: Dimension reduction and data quantization are two important methods for reducing data complexity. In the paper, we study the methodology of first reducing data dimension by random projection and then quantizing the projections to ternary or binary codes, ...

Abstract	Dimension reduction and data quantization are two important methods for reducing data complexity. In the paper, we study the methodology of first reducing data dimension by random projection and then quantizing the projections to ternary or binary codes, which has been widely applied in classification. Usually, the quantization will seriously degrade the accuracy of classification due to high quantization errors. Interestingly, however, we observe that the quantization could provide comparable and often superior accuracy, as the data to be quantized are sparse features generated with common filters. Furthermore, this quantization property could be maintained in the random projections of sparse features, if both the features and random projection matrices are sufficiently sparse. By conducting extensive experiments, we validate and analyze this intriguing property.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2022-03-31
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Nitrogen isotopic characteristics of aerosol ammonium in a Chinese megacity indicate the reduction from vehicle emissions during the lockdown period.

Li, Zhengjie / Xiao, Hongwei / Walters, Wendell W / Hastings, Meredith G / Min, Juan / Song, Linlin / Lu, Weizhi / Wu, Libin / Yan, Wende / Liu, Shuguang / Fang, Yunting

The Science of the total environment

2024 Volume 922, Page(s) 171265

Abstract: The role of agricultural versus vehicle emissions in urban atmospheric ammonia ( ... ...

Abstract	The role of agricultural versus vehicle emissions in urban atmospheric ammonia (NH
MeSH term(s)	Ammonium Compounds/analysis ; Nitrogen Isotopes/analysis ; Vehicle Emissions ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; Respiratory Aerosols and Droplets ; Ammonia/analysis ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; China
Chemical Substances	Ammonium Compounds ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Vehicle Emissions ; Air Pollutants ; Ammonia (7664-41-7) ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171265
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Book ; Online: Cascaded Compressed Sensing Networks

Lu, Weizhi / Chen, Mingrui / Guo, Kai / Li, Weiyu

A Reversible Architecture for Layerwise Learning

2021

Abstract: Recently, the method that learns networks layer by layer has attracted increasing interest for its ease of analysis. For the method, the main challenge lies in deriving an optimization target for each layer by inversely propagating the global target of ... ...

Abstract	Recently, the method that learns networks layer by layer has attracted increasing interest for its ease of analysis. For the method, the main challenge lies in deriving an optimization target for each layer by inversely propagating the global target of the network. The propagation problem is ill posed, due to involving the inversion of nonlinear activations from lowdimensional to high-dimensional spaces. To address the problem, the existing solution is to learn an auxiliary network to specially propagate the target. However, the network lacks stability, and moreover, it results in higher complexity for network learning. In the letter, we show that target propagation could be achieved by modeling the network s each layer with compressed sensing, without the need of auxiliary networks. Experiments show that the proposed method could achieve better performance than the auxiliary network-based method.
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2021-10-20
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Continuous Change Mapping to Understand Wetland Quantity and Quality Evolution and Driving Forces: A Case Study in the Liao River Estuary from 1986 to 2018

Peng, Jianwei / Liu, Shuguang / Lu, Weizhi / Liu, Maochou / Feng, Shuailong / Cong, Pifu

Remote Sensing. 2021 Dec. 02, v. 13, no. 23

2021

Abstract: Coastal wetland ecosystems, one of the most important ecosystems in the world, play an important role in regulating climate, sequestering blue carbon, and maintaining sustainable development of coastal zones. Wetland landscapes are notoriously difficult ... ...

Abstract	Coastal wetland ecosystems, one of the most important ecosystems in the world, play an important role in regulating climate, sequestering blue carbon, and maintaining sustainable development of coastal zones. Wetland landscapes are notoriously difficult to map with satellite data, particularly in highly complex, dynamic coastal regions. The Liao River Estuary (LRE) wetland in Liaoning Province, China, has attracted major attention due to its status as Asia’s largest coastal wetland, with extensive Phragmites australis (reeds), Suaeda heteroptera (seepweed, red beach), and other natural resources that have been continuously encroached upon by anthropogenic land-use activities. Using the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm and all available Landsat images, we mapped the spatial–temporal changes of LRE coastal wetlands (e.g., seepweed, reed, tidal flats, and shallow marine water) annually from 1986 to 2018 and analyzed the changes and driving forces. Results showed that the total area of coastal wetlands in the LRE shrank by 14.8% during the study period. The tidal flats were the most seriously affected type, with 45.7% of its total area lost. One of the main characteristics of wetland change was the concurrent disappearance and emergence of wetlands in different parts of the LRE, creating drastically different mixtures of wetland quality (e.g., wetland age composition) in addition to area change. The reduction and replacement/translocation of coastal wetlands were mainly caused by human activities related to urbanization, tourism, land reclamation, and expansion of aquaculture ponds. Our efforts in mapping annual changes of wetlands provide direct, specific, and spatially explicit information on rates, patterns, and causes of coastal wetland change, both in coverage and quality, so as to contribute to the effective plans and policies for coastal management, preservation, and restoration of coastal ecosystem services.
Keywords	Heteroptera ; Landsat ; Phragmites australis ; Suaeda ; algorithms ; aquaculture ; blue carbon ; case studies ; climate ; coastal ecosystems ; coastal zone management ; estuaries ; humans ; land restoration ; land use ; remote sensing ; rivers ; sustainable development ; tourism ; urbanization ; wetlands ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1202
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2513863-7
ISSN	2072-4292
ISSN	2072-4292
DOI	10.3390/rs13234900
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Construction of an infectious clone of Zika virus stably expressing an EGFP marker in a eukaryotic expression system

Gao, Jing / Chen, Jiayi / Lu, Weizhi / Cai, Jintai / Shi, Linjuan / Zhao, Wei / Zhang, Bao

Virology journal. 2021 Dec., v. 18, no. 1

2021

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Zika virus is becoming one of the most widely transmitted arboviruses in the world. Development of antiviral inhibitor and vaccine requires an experimental system that allows rapid monitoring of the virus infection. This is achievable with a ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Zika virus is becoming one of the most widely transmitted arboviruses in the world. Development of antiviral inhibitor and vaccine requires an experimental system that allows rapid monitoring of the virus infection. This is achievable with a reverse genetic system. In this study, we constructed an infectious clone for Zika virus that stably expressing EGFP. METHODS: A PCR-mediated recombination approach was used to assemble the full-length Zika virus genome containing the CMV promoter, intron, EGFP, hepatitis delta virus ribozyme, and SV40 terminator sequence for cloning into the pBAC11 vector to produce recombinant pBAC-ZIKA-EGFP. ZIKA-EGFP virus was rescued by transfection of pBAC-ZIKA-EGFP into 293T cells. The characterization of ZIKA-EGFP virus was determined by qPCR, plaque assay, CCK-8, and Western blot. RESULTS: Rescued ZIKA-EGFP virus exhibited stable replication for at least five generations in tissue culture. ZIKA-EGFP can effectively infect C6/36, SH-SY5Y and Vero cells, and cause cytopathic effects on SH-SY5Y and Vero cells. The inhibition of ZIKA-EGFP by NF-κB inhibitor, caffeic acid phenethyl ester was observed by fluorescence microscopy. CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that Zika virus infectious clone with an EGFP marker retained it infectivity as wide-type Zika virus which could be used for drugs screening.
Keywords	Hepatitis delta virus ; Western blotting ; Zika virus ; arboviruses ; caffeic acid ; fluorescence microscopy ; introns ; reverse genetics ; ribozymes ; tissue culture ; transfection ; vaccines ; viral genome ; virology
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 151.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2160640-7
ISSN	1743-422X
ISSN	1743-422X
DOI	10.1186/s12985-021-01622-z
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Construction of an infectious clone of Zika virus stably expressing an EGFP marker in a eukaryotic expression system.

Gao, Jing / Chen, Jiayi / Lu, Weizhi / Cai, Jintai / Shi, Linjuan / Zhao, Wei / Zhang, Bao

Virology journal

2021 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 151

Abstract: Background: Zika virus is becoming one of the most widely transmitted arboviruses in the world. Development of antiviral inhibitor and vaccine requires an experimental system that allows rapid monitoring of the virus infection. This is achievable with a ...

Abstract	Background: Zika virus is becoming one of the most widely transmitted arboviruses in the world. Development of antiviral inhibitor and vaccine requires an experimental system that allows rapid monitoring of the virus infection. This is achievable with a reverse genetic system. In this study, we constructed an infectious clone for Zika virus that stably expressing EGFP. Methods: A PCR-mediated recombination approach was used to assemble the full-length Zika virus genome containing the CMV promoter, intron, EGFP, hepatitis delta virus ribozyme, and SV40 terminator sequence for cloning into the pBAC11 vector to produce recombinant pBAC-ZIKA-EGFP. ZIKA-EGFP virus was rescued by transfection of pBAC-ZIKA-EGFP into 293T cells. The characterization of ZIKA-EGFP virus was determined by qPCR, plaque assay, CCK-8, and Western blot. Results: Rescued ZIKA-EGFP virus exhibited stable replication for at least five generations in tissue culture. ZIKA-EGFP can effectively infect C6/36, SH-SY5Y and Vero cells, and cause cytopathic effects on SH-SY5Y and Vero cells. The inhibition of ZIKA-EGFP by NF-κB inhibitor, caffeic acid phenethyl ester was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Conclusion: Our results suggested that Zika virus infectious clone with an EGFP marker retained it infectivity as wide-type Zika virus which could be used for drugs screening.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Genes, Reporter ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Vero Cells ; Zika Virus/genetics
Chemical Substances	Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2160640-7
ISSN	1743-422X ; 1743-422X
ISSN (online)	1743-422X
ISSN	1743-422X
DOI	10.1186/s12985-021-01622-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Feature Aggregation With Reinforcement Learning for Video-Based Person Re-Identification.

Zhang, Wei / He, Xuanyu / Lu, Weizhi / Qiao, Hong / Li, Yibin

IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems

2019 Volume 30, Issue 12, Page(s) 3847–3852

Abstract: Video-based person re-identification (re-id) matches two tracks of persons from different cameras. Features are extracted from the images of a sequence and then aggregated as a track feature. Compared to existing works that aggregate frame features by ... ...

Abstract	Video-based person re-identification (re-id) matches two tracks of persons from different cameras. Features are extracted from the images of a sequence and then aggregated as a track feature. Compared to existing works that aggregate frame features by simply averaging them or using temporal models such as recurrent neural networks, we propose an intelligent feature aggregate method based on reinforcement learning. Specifically, we train an agent to determine which frames in the sequence should be abandoned in the aggregation, which can be treated as a decision making process. By this way, the proposed method avoids introducing noisy information of the sequence and retains these valuable frames when generating a track feature. On benchmark data sets, experimental results show that our method can boost the re-id accuracy obviously based on the state-of-the-art models.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Pattern Recognition, Automated/methods ; Reinforcement, Psychology ; Video Recording/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2162-2388
ISSN (online)	2162-2388
DOI	10.1109/TNNLS.2019.2899588
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Insect outbreaks have transient effects on carbon fluxes and vegetative growth but longer-term impacts on reproductive growth in a mangrove forest

Lu, Weizhi / Cui, Xiaowei / Lin, Guanghui / Lin, Guangxuan / Xiao, Jingfeng / Xu, Fanghong

Agricultural and forest meteorology. 2019 Aug. 30,

2019

Abstract: Mangroves are experiencing frequent severe insect outbreaks, and the bud moth larvae (BML; Lasiognatha cellifera) is one of the most common leaf-feeding insects. However, the effects of insect outbreaks on ecosystem carbon fluxes of mangrove ecosystems ... ...

Abstract	Mangroves are experiencing frequent severe insect outbreaks, and the bud moth larvae (BML; Lasiognatha cellifera) is one of the most common leaf-feeding insects. However, the effects of insect outbreaks on ecosystem carbon fluxes of mangrove ecosystems are not well understood, and more importantly, the relative effects of these disturbances on vegetative and reproductive growth of mangroves remain unclear. We used measurements of plant litterfall, leaf damage percentage, and insect frass production, satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and eddy covariance flux measurements to quantify the impacts of a BML outbreak in 2010 on carbon fluxes and both vegetative and reproductive growth of a mangrove forest. The BML outbreak occurred in 2010 damaged nearly 90% of the foliage, increased the annual leaf litterfall, and decreased the flower and propagule production. Net ecosystem productivity decreased following the insect disturbance and recovered within several months. There were no significant differences in annual carbon fluxes among the four years from 2009 to 2013. In contrast, the flower production significantly decreased and there was nearly no propagule production after the insect outbreak. Reproductive growth did not recover even two years after the insect outbreak. Our results showed that the BML outbreak had asymmetric effects on vegetative and reproductive growth of mangrove forests. Our findings can help us better understand the impacts of insect disturbances on mangrove ecosystems and also have implications for informing mangrove conservation and restoration efforts.
Keywords	carbon ; eddy covariance ; flowers ; frass ; insect larvae ; insect outbreaks ; leaves ; mangrove forests ; net ecosystem production ; normalized difference vegetation index ; phytophagous insects ; plant litter ; vegetative growth
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0830
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	409905-9
ISSN	0168-1923
ISSN	0168-1923
DOI	10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107747
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Visual Navigation With Multiple Goals Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning.

Rao, Zhenhuan / Wu, Yuechen / Yang, Zifei / Zhang, Wei / Lu, Shijian / Lu, Weizhi / Zha, ZhengJun

IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems

2021 Volume 32, Issue 12, Page(s) 5445–5455

Abstract: Learning to adapt to a series of different goals in visual navigation is challenging. In this work, we present a model-embedded actor-critic architecture for the multigoal visual navigation task. To enhance the task cooperation in multigoal learning, we ... ...

Abstract	Learning to adapt to a series of different goals in visual navigation is challenging. In this work, we present a model-embedded actor-critic architecture for the multigoal visual navigation task. To enhance the task cooperation in multigoal learning, we introduce two new designs to the reinforcement learning scheme: inverse dynamics model (InvDM) and multigoal colearning (MgCl). Specifically, InvDM is proposed to capture the navigation-relevant association between state and goal and provide additional training signals to relieve the sparse reward issue. MgCl aims at improving the sample efficiency and supports the agent to learn from unintentional positive experiences. Besides, to further improve the scene generalization capability of the agent, we present an enhanced navigation model that consists of two self-supervised auxiliary task modules. The first module, which is named path closed-loop detection, helps to understand whether the state has been experienced. The second one, namely the state-target matching module, tries to figure out the difference between state and goal. Extensive results on the interactive platform AI2-THOR demonstrate that the agent trained with the proposed method converges faster than state-of-the-art methods while owning good generalization capability. The video demonstration is available at https://vsislab.github.io/mgvn.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2162-2388
ISSN (online)	2162-2388
DOI	10.1109/TNNLS.2021.3057424
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A Multi-scale Spatial-temporal Attention Model for Person Re-identification in Videos.

Zhang, Wei / He, Xuanyu / Yu, Xiaodong / Lu, Weizhi / Zha, Zhengjun / Tian, Qi

IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society

2019

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel deep neural network based attention model to learn the representative local regions from a video sequence for person re-identification. Specifically, we propose a multi-scale spatial-temporal attention (MSTA) model to ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, we propose a novel deep neural network based attention model to learn the representative local regions from a video sequence for person re-identification. Specifically, we propose a multi-scale spatial-temporal attention (MSTA) model to measure the regions of each frame in different scales from the perspective of whole video sequence. Compared to traditional temporal attention models, MSTA focuses on exploiting the importance of local regions of each frame to the whole video representation in both spatial and temporal domains. A new training strategy is designed for the proposed model by incorporating the image-to-image mode with the videoto- video mode. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model over state-ofthe- art methods.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1941-0042
ISSN (online)	1941-0042
DOI	10.1109/TIP.2019.2959653
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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