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Article ; Online: Nerve Torsion as a Pattern of Parsonage–Turner Syndrome

Davide Glorioso / Rita Palestini / Cristina Cuccagna / Liverana Lauretti / Luca Padua

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 4542, p

Literature Review and Two Representative Cases

2023 Volume 4542

Abstract: 1) Background: Parsonage–Turner Syndrome (PTS) is a rare peripheral nerve disease characterized by different degrees of nerve impairment. The recent development of nerve ultrasound has enabled the use of new data in the diagnosis of the disease. The aim ...

Abstract	(1) Background: Parsonage–Turner Syndrome (PTS) is a rare peripheral nerve disease characterized by different degrees of nerve impairment. The recent development of nerve ultrasound has enabled the use of new data in the diagnosis of the disease. The aim of this study is to conduct a literature review about the ultrasound evaluation of PTS and present two clinical cases that are characteristic of the disease. (2) Methods: A review of the literature from the last 10 years on the topic containing data regarding nerve ultrasound was performed. In addition, two cases of patients on whom nerve ultrasound was performed at the first evaluation and at follow-up after the indicated treatment were described. (3) Results: The results of our review show that although it is defined as plexopathy, PTS is most often a form of multifocal neuropathy. We also report the most frequently used ultrasound classification and possible prognostic correlations and report our experience with the description of two paradigmatic clinical cases. (4) Conclusions: Further studies are needed to understand the true prognostic power of each degree of nerve impairment and the possible implications in clinical practice regarding treatment indications.
Keywords	amyotrophic neuralgia ; parsonage tuner ; echography ; ultrasonography ; nerve ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Peripheral Neuropathies Seen by Ultrasound

Daniele Coraci / Claudia Loreti / Augusto Fusco / Silvia Giovannini / Luca Padua

Brain Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 1, p

A Literature Analysis through Lexical Evaluation, Geographical Assessment and Graph Theory

2021 Volume 113

Abstract: 1) Background: Ultrasound is a well-known tool used for the diagnosis and management of many diseases, including peripheral neuropathies. The main aim of this study was the lexical analysis of the literature on this topic considering the most cited ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: Ultrasound is a well-known tool used for the diagnosis and management of many diseases, including peripheral neuropathies. The main aim of this study was the lexical analysis of the literature on this topic considering the most cited words and the relationship between the words and the papers. Furthermore, a geographical analysis was performed to evaluate the worldwide prevalence. (2) Methods: We performed a literature search on PubMed, and we calculated the occurrence of the words indicating nerves and the body parts. Furthermore, we calculated the number of papers for each country, considering the affiliation of the first author. Finally, to describe the relationships between the words and the papers, we used the 30 most cited words, and we built a matrix describing in which papers a word was cited. This matrix was used to create a network based on the graph theory using Gephi 0.9.2 software. (3) Results: The most cited nerves were median and ulnar ones, and the most cited body parts were hand, wrist and elbow. The United States of America was the most productive country, with 80 papers. The graph of the network showed the importance of ultrasound as support for therapy. (4) Conclusions: The study represents a lexical analysis of the literature and shows information about subjects, authors and relationships of the papers. This may be helpful for better understanding and evaluation of the situation of the current literature.
Keywords	ultrasound ; peripheral neuropathy ; anatomy ; personalized medicine ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571
Subject code	001
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Imbalance of Essential Metals in Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Possible Link with Disorders of Consciousness

Rosanna Squitti / Giuseppe Reale / Vincenzo Tondolo / Daniela Crescenti / Sonia Bellini / Marco Moci / Pietro Caliandro / Luca Padua / Mauro Rongioletti

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 6867, p

2023 Volume 6867

Abstract: Dysfunction of the complex cerebral networks underlying wakefulness and awareness is responsible for Disorders of Consciousness (DoC). Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a common cause of DoC, and it is responsible for a multi-dimensional pathological ... ...

Abstract	Dysfunction of the complex cerebral networks underlying wakefulness and awareness is responsible for Disorders of Consciousness (DoC). Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a common cause of DoC, and it is responsible for a multi-dimensional pathological cascade that affects the proper functioning of the brainstem and brain consciousness pathways. Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), and Copper (Cu) have a role in the neurophysiology of both the ascending reticular activating system, a multi-neurotransmitter network located in the brainstem that is crucial for consciousness, and several brain regions. We aimed to summarize the role of these essential metals in TBI and its possible link with consciousness alterations. We found that TBI alters many neuronal molecular mechanisms involving essential metals, causing neurodegeneration, neural apoptosis, synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This final pattern resembles that described for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurological and psychiatric diseases. Furthermore, we found that amantadine, zolpidem, and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)—the most used treatments for DoC recovery—seem to have an effect on essential metals-related pathways and that Zn might be a promising new therapeutic approach. This review summarizes the neurophysiology of essential metals in the brain structures of consciousness and focuses on the mechanisms underlying their imbalance following TBI, suggesting their possible role in DoC. The scenario supports further studies aimed at getting a deeper insight into metals’ role in DoC, in order to evaluate metal-based drugs, such as metal complexes and metal chelating agents, as potential therapeutic options.
Keywords	traumatic brain injury ; disorders of consciousness ; Alzheimer’s disease ; metals ; copper ; iron ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	120
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Role of Technological Rehabilitation in Patients with Intensive Care Unit Weakness

Letizia Castelli / Chiara Iacovelli / Augusto Fusco / Vincenza Amoruso / Cristina Cuccagna / Claudia Loreti / Silvia Giovannini / Luca Padua

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 2612, p

A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

2023 Volume 2612

Abstract: Intensive-Care-Unit-Acquired Weakness (ICU-AW) is the most common neuromuscular impairment in critically ill patients and can have a significant impact on long-term disability. Early rehabilitation has been suggested to facilitate the natural recovery ... ...

Abstract	Intensive-Care-Unit-Acquired Weakness (ICU-AW) is the most common neuromuscular impairment in critically ill patients and can have a significant impact on long-term disability. Early rehabilitation has been suggested to facilitate the natural recovery process. This is a pilot, randomized, single-blind study that aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intensive combined technological rehabilitation treatment including focal muscle vibration and non-immersive virtual reality for patients with severe acquired brain injury (sABI) and ICU-AW. Twenty-four patients were randomized into the conventional group, which performed only conventional rehabilitation, and the experimental group, which also performed technological treatment. At baseline and after 3 weeks of treatment, assessments of motor function, autonomy, disability and quality of life were conducted. At the end of the intervention, both groups showed significant improvements. However, patients in the experimental group achieved greater improvements in disability ( p = 0.001) and quality of life ( p = 0.001). The results show that intensive structured rehabilitation is effective in improving the motor function, disability and quality of life of patients with severe acquired brain injury and acquired weakness. The combination of non-immersive virtual reality training and focal muscle vibration can result in a significant improvement in overall disability and quality of life compared with conventional treatment alone.
Keywords	rehabilitation ; robotics ; virtual reality ; vibration ; brain injury ; intensive care units ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: RObotic-Assisted Rehabilitation of Lower Limbs for Orthopedic Patients (ROAR-O)

Letizia Castelli / Chiara Iacovelli / Siria Ciccone / Valerio Geracitano / Claudia Loreti / Augusto Fusco / Lorenzo Biscotti / Luca Padua / Silvia Giovannini

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 24, p

A Randomized Controlled Trial

2023 Volume 13208

Abstract: Osteoarthritis is a common chronic condition in the elderly population and, with falls, represents a major public health problem. Patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis often have poor balance, which is considered an important risk factor for falls. In ...

Abstract	Osteoarthritis is a common chronic condition in the elderly population and, with falls, represents a major public health problem. Patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis often have poor balance, which is considered an important risk factor for falls. In recent years, there has been increasing research supporting the use of robotic rehabilitation to improve function after total knee and hip replacement. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of robotic balance rehabilitation on elderly patients who have undergone hip and knee replacement, with the aim of reducing the risk of falls and improving balance and walking, as well as motor function, fatigue, and overall quality of life. Twenty-four elderly patients with knee or hip replacement underwent robotic balance treatment with the Hunova ® platform or conventional treatment three times a week for four weeks. Patients underwent an assessment of balance, walking, autonomy, quality of life and fatigue. Patients who underwent rehabilitation with Hunova ® showed an improvement in dynamic balance ( p = 0.0039) and walking ( p = 0.001) and a reduction in both motor ( p = 0.001) and cognitive ( p = 0.05) fatigue. The study found that specific treatment for balance disorders in these patients could improve balance and reduce the risk of falling.
Keywords	technological rehabilitation ; balance ; osteoarthritis ; elderly ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Role of Rehabilitation on the Evolution of Disability and Self-Sufficiency in a Population of Hospitalized Older Adults

Silvia Giovannini / Chiara Iacovelli / Claudia Loreti / Augusto Fusco / Vincenza Amoruso / Cristina Cuccagna / Lorenzo Biscotti / Luca Padua / Letizia Castelli

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 10330, p

2023 Volume 10330

Abstract: Frailty is characterized by increased vulnerability, which impairs the ability to cope with stressors and represents a risk factor for the development of disability. Moreover, the population of older adults is continuously increasing. For this reason, ... ...

Abstract	Frailty is characterized by increased vulnerability, which impairs the ability to cope with stressors and represents a risk factor for the development of disability. Moreover, the population of older adults is continuously increasing. For this reason, frailty and aging represent very important social and health topics. The management of elderly patients, especially when they are hospitalized, is complex and requires the collaboration of multiple professionals and different approaches to intervene in the multi-morbidity that characterizes this population. A significant percentage of hospitalized older patients present several comorbidities that cause prolonged hospital stays. This condition could lead to clinical complications, increased costs of care, and a higher likelihood of in-hospital death. Aging is a concept that encompasses several symptoms and requires a multidisciplinary and specific approach, especially during hospitalization and in acute care settings. The present study aims to evaluate how intensive rehabilitation treatment is accompanied by improvement in some hematological and clinical parameters and could contribute to an evolution in disability among elderly patients. The results of the present research show the crucial role of rehabilitation treatment in the development of disability, independence, and self-sufficiency in a population of older inpatients in a post-acute care setting. Further research should be conducted to identify other biomarkers useful in the management of frail patients.
Keywords	rehabilitation ; aging ; frailty ; multimorbidity ; clinical complications ; personalized medicine ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Challenges of Prevention for a Sustainable Personalized Medicine

Roberta Pastorino / Claudia Loreti / Silvia Giovannini / Walter Ricciardi / Luca Padua / Stefania Boccia

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 311, p

2021 Volume 311

Abstract: The development and implementation of the approaches of personalized medicine for disease prevention are still at infancy, although preventive activities in healthcare represent a key pillar to guarantee health system sustainability. There is an ... ...

Abstract	The development and implementation of the approaches of personalized medicine for disease prevention are still at infancy, although preventive activities in healthcare represent a key pillar to guarantee health system sustainability. There is an increasing interest in finding informative markers that indicate the disease risk before the manifestation of the disease (primary prevention) or for early disease detection (secondary prevention). Recently, the systematic collection and study of clinical phenotypes and biomarkers consented to the advance of Rehabilomics in tertiary prevention. It consents to identify relevant molecular and physiological factors that can be linked to plasticity, treatment response, and natural recovery. Implementation of these approaches would open avenues to identify people at high risk and enable new preventive lifestyle interventions or early treatments targeted to their individual genomic profile, personalizing prevention and rehabilitation. The integration of personalized medicine into prevention may benefit citizens, patients, healthcare professionals, healthcare authorities, and industry, and ultimately will seek to contribute to better health and quality of life for Europe’s citizens.
Keywords	personalized medicine ; prevention ; polygenic risk score ; rehabilomics ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Polipharmacy and Multimorbity in Oncological Patients

Claudia Loreti / Letizia Castelli / Daniele Coraci / Augusto Fusco / Silvia Giovannini / Luca Padua

Current Oncology, Vol 28, Iss 30, Pp 273-

An Open Challenge

2021 Volume 274

Abstract: Kirkham and colleagues presented an original study about cancer survivors in Canadian population and reported that the odds of several cardiovascular disease risk factors are higher among middle-aged. Several risk factors are connected to a toxic ... ...

Abstract	Kirkham and colleagues presented an original study about cancer survivors in Canadian population and reported that the odds of several cardiovascular disease risk factors are higher among middle-aged. Several risk factors are connected to a toxic lifestyle and are associated with cardiovascular diseases and general health status. The paper is very relevant in managing oncological patients. A particular attention should be given to some anamnestic data about the presence of other pathologies (as self-reported diabetes and hypertension) and drug therapy with particular consideration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors that present a protective action against cardiovascular events and reduce the incidence of type II diabetes. In order to identify and intervene on risk factors, clinicians should depict the pharmacological therapy taken by the study population, assuming that in the elderly this may be potentially protective on cardiovascular risk profile compared to younger cancer survivors.
Keywords	drug therapy ; multimorbidity ; personalized medicine ; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Virtual Reality and Lower Limb Rehabilitation

Augusto Fusco / Silvia Giovannini / Letizia Castelli / Daniele Coraci / Dario Mattia Gatto / Giuseppe Reale / Roberta Pastorino / Luca Padua

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 2300, p

Effects on Motor and Cognitive Outcome—A Crossover Pilot Study

2022 Volume 2300

Abstract: The effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in the motor and cognitive rehabilitation of patients with severe acquired brain injury (sABI) is unclear. This randomized, controlled, crossover, single-blinded, pilot study investigates the cognitive and motor ... ...

Abstract	The effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in the motor and cognitive rehabilitation of patients with severe acquired brain injury (sABI) is unclear. This randomized, controlled, crossover, single-blinded, pilot study investigates the cognitive and motor effects of lower limb robotic therapy with and without VR visual feedback in a group of patients with ABI. A total of 23 patients with ABI were randomized into two groups: one group (VR-NVR) underwent a 2-week rehabilitation for the lower limbs training with a robotic device (Omego ® ) with VR feedback, followed by 2 weeks without VR; the other group (NVR-VR) performed the protocol in the opposite order. Patients were evaluated at baseline, after two and four weeks of treatment using the Level of Cognitive Functioning scale (LCF), Disability Rating Scale (DRS), and Motricity Index for Lower Limb (MI-LL) in the most affected limb. At the end of the intervention, both groups significantly improved in all the outcomes. A significant difference was found between VR treatment versus non-VR treatment for LCF ( p = 0.024) and for DRS ( p = 0.043) after the second week, while no significant differences were found in the group NVR-VR at T1. Our study indicates how the combination of robotic treatment with VR is effective in enhancing the recovery of cognitive function in patients with ABI, also improving disability and muscular function. Further, VR seems to enhance the early recovery process of motor and cognitive functions.
Keywords	severe acquired brain injury ; traumatic ; virtual reality ; cognitive function ; rehabilitation ; disability ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Discomfort and Pain Related to Protective Mask-Wearing during COVID-19 Pandemic

Luca Padua / Letizia Castelli / Dario M. Gatto / Keichii Hokkoku / Giuseppe Reale / Roberta Pastorino / Claudia Loreti / Silvia Giovannini

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 1443, p

2022 Volume 1443

Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic made the use of facemasks mandatory to prevent contact with the virus. Recent studies have revealed that intensive use of facemasks significantly exacerbated pre-existing headaches and triggered de novo headaches. In our ... ...

Abstract	The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic made the use of facemasks mandatory to prevent contact with the virus. Recent studies have revealed that intensive use of facemasks significantly exacerbated pre-existing headaches and triggered de novo headaches. In our experience, some subjects also complain of symptoms of neuropathic pain in the head/facial regions. Until now, the relationship between neuropathic pain and facemasks has not been documented. The aim of the study is to investigate the occurrence of neuropathic pain related to facemask use. It is a cross-sectional survey using a questionnaire, developed following a commonly accepted outcome research methodology. Participants, both health care and non-health care workers, responded to items included in the questionnaire about the type of facemasks, time and manner of wearing them, side effects such as skin lesions, symptoms of neuropathic pain, etc.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; facemask ; pain ; neuropathic pain ; personalized medicine ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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