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Book ; Online: Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics

Bellini, G / Ludhova, L

(EBL-Schweitzer)

2012

Abstract: This book contains chapters based on 9 of the lectures delivered at the Enrico Fermi School of Physics ""Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics"", held from 25 of July to 5 August 2011. The event was organized by the Italian Physical Society (SIF) jointly ... ...

Series title	EBL-Schweitzer
Abstract	This book contains chapters based on 9 of the lectures delivered at the Enrico Fermi School of Physics ""Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics"", held from 25 of July to 5 August 2011. The event was organized by the Italian Physical Society (SIF) jointly with the International School of Astro-particle Physics (ISAPP), a network whose aim is to build up an astro-particle community of both astrophysicists and particle physicists. Included are chapters on Neutrino oscillation physics (B. Kayser); Double-beta decay (E. Fiorini); Light neutrinos in cosmology (S. Pastor); Neutrinos and the stars (G.G. R Title Page; Indice; Preface; Gruppo fotografico dei partecipanti al Corso; Neutrino oscillation physics; Introduction; Physics of neutrino oscillation; Preliminaries; Probability of neutrino oscillation in vacuum; Neutrino flavor change in matter; A brief guide to references; Double-beta decay; Introduction; The principle of cryogenic detectors; Measurement of the neutrino mass in single-beta decay; Conclusions; Light neutrinos in cosmology; Introduction; The cosmic neutrino background; Relic neutrino production and decoupling; Background evolution; Neutrinos and Primordial Nucleosynthesis. - Extra radiation and the effective number of neutrinosNeutrino oscillations in the Early Universe; Active-active neutrino oscillations: relic neutrino asymmetries; Active-sterile neutrino oscillations; Massive neutrinos as Dark Matter; Effects of neutrino masses on cosmology; Brief description of cosmological observables; Neutrino free-streaming; Impact of massive neutrinos on the matter power spectrum; Impact of massive neutrinos on the CMB anisotropy spectrum; Current bounds on neutrino masses; CMB anisotropies; Galaxy redshift surveys; Lyman-alpha forest. - Summary and discussion of current boundsFuture sensitivities on neutrino masses from cosmology; Conclusions; Neutrinos and the stars; Introduction; Neutrinos from ordinary stars; Some basics of stellar evolution; Neutrino emission processes; Neutrino electromagnetic properties; Globular clusters testing stellar evolution and particle physics; White dwarf cooling; Neutrinos from the Sun; Solar neutrino measurements and flavor oscillations; Helioseismology and the solar opacity problem; Sun as a particle source; Supernova neutrinos; Classification of supernovae; Explosion mechanism
Language	English
Size	Online-Ressource (1 online resource (406 p.))
Publisher	IOS Press
Publishing place	Amsterdam
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	Description based upon print version of record
ISBN	9781614991731 ; 1614991731
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Article ; Online: Partial melting and retrogression during exhumation of high-grade metapelites, the Tatra Mountains, Western Carpathians

Janak, M. / Hurai, V. / Ludhova, L. / Thomas, R.

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth (A)

1999

Keywords	550 - Earth sciences
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: First Directional Measurement of Sub-MeV Solar Neutrinos with Borexino.

Agostini, M / Altenmüller, K / Appel, S / Atroshchenko, V / Bagdasarian, Z / Basilico, D / Bellini, G / Benziger, J / Biondi, R / Bravo, D / Caccianiga, B / Calaprice, F / Caminata, A / Cavalcante, P / Chepurnov, A / D'Angelo, D / Davini, S / Derbin, A / Di Giacinto, A /

Di Marcello, V / Ding, X F / Di Ludovico, A / Di Noto, L / Drachnev, I / Formozov, A / Franco, D / Galbiati, C / Ghiano, C / Giammarchi, M / Goretti, A / Göttel, A S / Gromov, M / Guffanti, D / Ianni, Aldo / Ianni, Andrea / Jany, A / Jeschke, D / Kobychev, V / Korga, G / Kumaran, S / Laubenstein, M / Litvinovich, E / Lombardi, P / Lomskaya, I / Ludhova, L / Lukyanchenko, G / Lukyanchenko, L / Machulin, I / Martyn, J / Meroni, E / Meyer, M / Miramonti, L / Misiaszek, M / Muratova, V / Neumair, B / Nieslony, M / Nugmanov, R / Oberauer, L / Orekhov, V / Ortica, F / Pallavicini, M / Papp, L / Pelicci, L / Penek, Ö / Pietrofaccia, L / Pilipenko, N / Pocar, A / Raikov, G / Ranalli, M T / Ranucci, G / Razeto, A / Re, A / Redchuk, M / Romani, A / Rossi, N / Schönert, S / Semenov, D / Settanta, G / Skorokhvatov, M / Singhal, A / Smirnov, O / Sotnikov, A / Suvorov, Y / Tartaglia, R / Testera, G / Thurn, J / Unzhakov, E / Vishneva, A / Vogelaar, R B / von Feilitzsch, F / Wessel, A / Wojcik, M / Wonsak, B / Wurm, M / Zavatarelli, S / Zuber, K / Zuzel, G

Physical review letters

2022 Volume 128, Issue 9, Page(s) 91803

Abstract: We report the measurement of sub-MeV solar neutrinos through the use of their associated Cherenkov radiation, performed with the Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. The measurement is achieved using a novel technique that ... ...

Abstract	We report the measurement of sub-MeV solar neutrinos through the use of their associated Cherenkov radiation, performed with the Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. The measurement is achieved using a novel technique that correlates individual photon hits of events to the known position of the Sun. In an energy window between 0.54 to 0.74 MeV, selected using the dominant scintillation light, we have measured 10 887_{-2103}^{+2386}(stat)±947(syst) (68% confidence interval) solar neutrinos out of 19 904 total events. This corresponds to a ^{7}Be neutrino interaction rate of 51.6_{-12.5}^{+13.9} counts/(day·100 ton), which is in agreement with the standard solar model predictions and the previous spectroscopic results of Borexino. The no-neutrino hypothesis can be excluded with >5σ confidence level. For the first time, we have demonstrated the possibility of utilizing the directional Cherenkov information for sub-MeV solar neutrinos, in a large-scale, high light yield liquid scintillator detector. This measurement provides an experimental proof of principle for future hybrid event reconstruction using both Cherenkov and scintillation signatures simultaneously.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.091803
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Article ; Online: Nitrogen-bearing fluids, brines and carbonate liquids in Variscan migmatites of the Tatra Mountains, Western Carpathians - heritage of high-pressure metamorphism

Janak, M. / Hurai, V. / Ludhova, L. / Horn, E. / Thomas, R. / Majzlan, J.

European Journal of Mineralogy

2000

Keywords	550 - Earth sciences
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Is the proton radius a player in the redefinition of the International System of Units?

Nez, F / Antognini, A / Amaro, F D / Biraben, F / Cardoso, J M R / Covita, D / Dax, A / Dhawan, S / Fernandes, L / Giesen, A / Graf, T / Hänsch, T W / Indelicato, P / Julien, L / Kao, C-Y / Knowles, P E / Le Bigot, E / Liu, Y-W / Lopes, J A M /

Ludhova, L / Monteiro, C M B / Mulhauser, F / Nebel, T / Rabinowitz, P / dos Santos, J M F / Schaller, L / Schuhmann, K / Schwob, C / Taqqu, D / Veloso, J F C A / Kottmann, F / Pohl, R

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences

2011 Volume 369, Issue 1953, Page(s) 4064–4077

Abstract: It is now recognized that the International System of Units (SI units) will be redefined in terms of fundamental constants, even if the date when this will occur is still under debate. Actually, the best estimate of fundamental constant values is given ... ...

Abstract	It is now recognized that the International System of Units (SI units) will be redefined in terms of fundamental constants, even if the date when this will occur is still under debate. Actually, the best estimate of fundamental constant values is given by a least-squares adjustment, carried out under the auspices of the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) Task Group on Fundamental Constants. This adjustment provides a significant measure of the correctness and overall consistency of the basic theories and experimental methods of physics using the values of the constants obtained from widely differing experiments. The physical theories that underlie this adjustment are assumed to be valid, such as quantum electrodynamics (QED). Testing QED, one of the most precise theories is the aim of many accurate experiments. The calculations and the corresponding experiments can be carried out either on a boundless system, such as the electron magnetic moment anomaly, or on a bound system, such as atomic hydrogen. The value of fundamental constants can be deduced from the comparison of theory and experiment. For example, using QED calculations, the value of the fine structure constant given by the CODATA is mainly inferred from the measurement of the electron magnetic moment anomaly carried out by Gabrielse's group. (Hanneke et al. 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 120801) The value of the Rydberg constant is known from two-photon spectroscopy of hydrogen combined with accurate theoretical quantities. The Rydberg constant, determined by the comparison of theory and experiment using atomic hydrogen, is known with a relative uncertainty of 6.6×10(-12). It is one of the most accurate fundamental constants to date. A careful analysis shows that knowledge of the electrical size of the proton is nowadays a limitation in this comparison. The aim of muonic hydrogen spectroscopy was to obtain an accurate value of the proton charge radius. However, the value deduced from this experiment contradicts other less accurate determinations. This problem is known as the proton radius puzzle. This new determination of the proton radius may affect the value of the Rydberg constant . This constant is related to many fundamental constants; in particular, links the two possible ways proposed for the redefinition of the kilogram, the Avogadro constant N(A) and the Planck constant h. However, the current relative uncertainty on the experimental determinations of N(A) or h is three orders of magnitude larger than the 'possible' shift of the Rydberg constant, which may be shown by the new value of the size of the proton radius determined from muonic hydrogen. The proton radius puzzle will not interfere in the redefinition of the kilogram. After a short introduction to the properties of the proton, we will describe the muonic hydrogen experiment. There is intense theoretical activity as a result of our observation. A brief summary of possible theoretical explanations at the date of writing of the paper will be given. The contribution of the proton radius puzzle to the redefinition of SI-based units will then be examined.
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-10-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208381-4
ISSN	1471-2962 ; 1364-503X ; 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952
ISSN (online)	1471-2962
ISSN	1364-503X ; 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952
DOI	10.1098/rsta.2011.0233
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Article ; Online: Laser spectroscopy of muonic deuterium.

Pohl, Randolf / Nez, François / Fernandes, Luis M P / Amaro, Fernando D / Biraben, François / Cardoso, João M R / Covita, Daniel S / Dax, Andreas / Dhawan, Satish / Diepold, Marc / Giesen, Adolf / Gouvea, Andrea L / Graf, Thomas / Hänsch, Theodor W / Indelicato, Paul / Julien, Lucile / Knowles, Paul / Kottmann, Franz / Le Bigot, Eric-Olivier /

Liu, Yi-Wei / Lopes, José A M / Ludhova, Livia / Monteiro, Cristina M B / Mulhauser, Françoise / Nebel, Tobias / Rabinowitz, Paul / dos Santos, Joaquim M F / Schaller, Lukas A / Schuhmann, Karsten / Schwob, Catherine / Taqqu, David / Veloso, João F C A / Antognini, Aldo

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2016 Volume 353, Issue 6300, Page(s) 669–673

Abstract: The deuteron is the simplest compound nucleus, composed of one proton and one neutron. Deuteron properties such as the root-mean-square charge radius rd and the polarizability serve as important benchmarks for understanding the nuclear forces and ... ...

Abstract	The deuteron is the simplest compound nucleus, composed of one proton and one neutron. Deuteron properties such as the root-mean-square charge radius rd and the polarizability serve as important benchmarks for understanding the nuclear forces and structure. Muonic deuterium μd is the exotic atom formed by a deuteron and a negative muon μ(-). We measured three 2S-2P transitions in μd and obtain r(d) = 2.12562(78) fm, which is 2.7 times more accurate but 7.5σ smaller than the CODATA-2010 value r(d) = 2.1424(21) fm. The μd value is also 3.5σ smaller than the r(d) value from electronic deuterium spectroscopy. The smaller r(d), when combined with the electronic isotope shift, yields a "small" proton radius r(p), similar to the one from muonic hydrogen, amplifying the proton radius puzzle.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-08-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.aaf2468
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Article: Measurement of the kaonic hydrogen x-ray spectrum.

Beer, G / Bragadireanu, A M / Cargnelli, M / Curceanu-Petrascu, C / Egger, J-P / Fuhrmann, H / Guaraldo, C / Iliescu, M / Ishiwatari, T / Itahashi, K / Iwasaki, M / Kienle, P / Koike, T / Lauss, B / Lucherini, V / Ludhova, L / Marton, J / Mulhauser, F / Ponta, T /

Schaller, L A / Seki, R / Sirghi, D L / Sirghi, F / Zmeskal, J

Physical review letters

2005 Volume 94, Issue 21, Page(s) 212302

Abstract: The DEAR (DAPhiNE exotic atom research) experiment measured the energy of x rays emitted in the transitions to the ground state of kaonic hydrogen. The measured values for the shift epsilon and the width Gamma of the 1s state due to the K(-)p strong ... ...

Abstract	The DEAR (DAPhiNE exotic atom research) experiment measured the energy of x rays emitted in the transitions to the ground state of kaonic hydrogen. The measured values for the shift epsilon and the width Gamma of the 1s state due to the K(-)p strong interaction are epsilon(1s)=-193 +/- 37 (stat) +/- 6 (syst) eV and Gamma(1s)=249 +/- 111 (stat) +/- 30 (syst) eV, the most precise values yet obtained. The pattern of the kaonic hydrogen K-series lines, K(alpha), K(beta), and K(gamma), was disentangled for the first time.
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-06-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.212302
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Article ; Online: Test of Electric Charge Conservation with Borexino.

Agostini, M / Appel, S / Bellini, G / Benziger, J / Bick, D / Bonfini, G / Bravo, D / Caccianiga, B / Calaprice, F / Caminata, A / Cavalcante, P / Chepurnov, A / D'Angelo, D / Davini, S / Derbin, A / Di Noto, L / Drachnev, I / Empl, A / Etenko, A /

Fomenko, K / Franco, D / Gabriele, F / Galbiati, C / Ghiano, C / Giammarchi, M / Goeger-Neff, M / Goretti, A / Gromov, M / Hagner, C / Hungerford, E / Ianni, Aldo / Ianni, Andrea / Jedrzejczak, K / Kaiser, M / Kobychev, V / Korablev, D / Korga, G / Kryn, D / Laubenstein, M / Lehnert, B / Litvinovich, E / Lombardi, F / Lombardi, P / Ludhova, L / Lukyanchenko, G / Machulin, I / Manecki, S / Maneschg, W / Marcocci, S / Meroni, E / Meyer, M / Miramonti, L / Misiaszek, M / Montuschi, M / Mosteiro, P / Muratova, V / Neumair, B / Oberauer, L / Obolensky, M / Ortica, F / Otis, K / Pallavicini, M / Papp, L / Perasso, L / Pocar, A / Ranucci, G / Razeto, A / Re, A / Romani, A / Roncin, R / Rossi, N / Schönert, S / Semenov, D / Simgen, H / Skorokhvatov, M / Smirnov, O / Sotnikov, A / Sukhotin, S / Suvorov, Y / Tartaglia, R / Testera, G / Thurn, J / Toropova, M / Unzhakov, E / Vishneva, A / Vogelaar, R B / von Feilitzsch, F / Wang, H / Weinz, S / Winter, J / Wojcik, M / Wurm, M / Yokley, Z / Zaimidoroga, O / Zavatarelli, S / Zuber, K / Zuzel, G

Physical review letters

2015 Volume 115, Issue 23, Page(s) 231802

Abstract: Borexino is a liquid scintillation detector located deep underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS, Italy). Thanks to the unmatched radio purity of the scintillator, and to the well understood detector response at low energy, a new ... ...

Abstract	Borexino is a liquid scintillation detector located deep underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS, Italy). Thanks to the unmatched radio purity of the scintillator, and to the well understood detector response at low energy, a new limit on the stability of the electron for decay into a neutrino and a single monoenergetic photon was obtained. This new bound, τ≥6.6×10^{28} yr at 90% C.L., is 2 orders of magnitude better than the previous limit.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-12-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.231802
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Article ; Online: Lifetimes of (214)Po and (212)Po measured with Counting Test Facility at Gran Sasso National Laboratory.

Miramonti, L / Bellini, G / Benziger, J / Bick, D / Bonfini, G / Bravo, D / Buizza Avanzini, M / Caccianiga, B / Cadonati, L / Calaprice, F / Carraro, C / Cavalcante, P / Chavarria, A / Chubakov, V / D'Angelo, D / Davini, S / Derbin, A / Etenko, A / Fomenko, K /

Franco, D / Galbiati, C / Gazzana, S / Ghiano, C / Giammarchi, M / Göger-Neff, M / Goretti, A / Grandi, L / Guardincerri, E / Hardy, S / Ianni, Aldo / Ianni, Andrea / Kobychev, V / Korablev, D / Korga, G / Koshio, Y / Kryn, D / Laubenstein, M / Lewke, T / Lissia, M / Litvinovich, E / Loer, B / Lombardi, F / Lombardi, P / Ludhova, L / Machulin, I / Manecki, S / Maneschg, W / Mantovani, F / Manuzio, G / Meindl, Q / Meroni, E / Misiaszek, M / Montanari, D / Mosteiro, P / Muratova, V / Nisi, S / Oberauer, L / Obolensky, M / Ortica, F / Otis, K / Pallavicini, M / Papp, L / Perasso, L / Perasso, S / Pocar, A / Ranucci, G / Razeto, A / Re, A / Romani, A / Rossi, N / Sabelnikov, A / Saldanha, R / Salvo, C / Schönert, S / Simgen, H / Skorokhvatov, M / Smirnov, O / Sotnikov, A / Sukhotin, S / Suvorov, Y / Tartaglia, R / Testera, G / Vignaud, D / Vogelaar, R B / von Feilitzsch, F / Winter, J / Wojcik, M / Wright, A / Wurm, M / Xhixha, G / Xu, J / Zaimidoroga, O / Zavatarelli, S / Zuzel, G

Journal of environmental radioactivity

2014 Volume 138, Page(s) 444–446

Abstract: The decays of (214)Po into (210)Pb and of (212)Po into (208)Pb tagged by the previous decays from (214)Bi and (212)Bi have been studied inserting quartz vials inside the Counting Test Facility (CTF) at the underground laboratory in Gran Sasso (LNGS). We ... ...

Abstract	The decays of (214)Po into (210)Pb and of (212)Po into (208)Pb tagged by the previous decays from (214)Bi and (212)Bi have been studied inserting quartz vials inside the Counting Test Facility (CTF) at the underground laboratory in Gran Sasso (LNGS). We find that the mean lifetime of (214)Po is (236.00 ± 0.42(stat) ± 0.15(syst)) μs and that of (212)Po is (425.1 ± 0.9(stat) ± 1.2(syst)) ns. Our results are compatible with previous measurements, have a much better signal to background ratio, and reduce the overall uncertainties.
MeSH term(s)	Alpha Particles ; Half-Life ; Laboratories ; Lead Radioisotopes/analysis ; Polonium/analysis ; Radiation Monitoring ; Radioactive Pollutants/analysis
Chemical Substances	Lead Radioisotopes ; Radioactive Pollutants ; Polonium (DQY03U61EJ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1483112-0
ISSN	1879-1700 ; 0265-931X
ISSN (online)	1879-1700
ISSN	0265-931X
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.02.025
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Article ; Online: The size of the proton.

Pohl, Randolf / Antognini, Aldo / Nez, François / Amaro, Fernando D / Biraben, François / Cardoso, João M R / Covita, Daniel S / Dax, Andreas / Dhawan, Satish / Fernandes, Luis M P / Giesen, Adolf / Graf, Thomas / Hänsch, Theodor W / Indelicato, Paul / Julien, Lucile / Kao, Cheng-Yang / Knowles, Paul / Le Bigot, Eric-Olivier / Liu, Yi-Wei /

Lopes, José A M / Ludhova, Livia / Monteiro, Cristina M B / Mulhauser, Françoise / Nebel, Tobias / Rabinowitz, Paul / Dos Santos, Joaquim M F / Schaller, Lukas A / Schuhmann, Karsten / Schwob, Catherine / Taqqu, David / Veloso, João F C A / Kottmann, Franz

Nature

2010 Volume 466, Issue 7303, Page(s) 213–216

Abstract: The proton is the primary building block of the visible Universe, but many of its properties-such as its charge radius and its anomalous magnetic moment-are not well understood. The root-mean-square charge radius, r(p), has been determined with an ... ...

Abstract	The proton is the primary building block of the visible Universe, but many of its properties-such as its charge radius and its anomalous magnetic moment-are not well understood. The root-mean-square charge radius, r(p), has been determined with an accuracy of 2 per cent (at best) by electron-proton scattering experiments. The present most accurate value of r(p) (with an uncertainty of 1 per cent) is given by the CODATA compilation of physical constants. This value is based mainly on precision spectroscopy of atomic hydrogen and calculations of bound-state quantum electrodynamics (QED; refs 8, 9). The accuracy of r(p) as deduced from electron-proton scattering limits the testing of bound-state QED in atomic hydrogen as well as the determination of the Rydberg constant (currently the most accurately measured fundamental physical constant). An attractive means to improve the accuracy in the measurement of r(p) is provided by muonic hydrogen (a proton orbited by a negative muon); its much smaller Bohr radius compared to ordinary atomic hydrogen causes enhancement of effects related to the finite size of the proton. In particular, the Lamb shift (the energy difference between the 2S(1/2) and 2P(1/2) states) is affected by as much as 2 per cent. Here we use pulsed laser spectroscopy to measure a muonic Lamb shift of 49,881.88(76) GHz. On the basis of present calculations of fine and hyperfine splittings and QED terms, we find r(p) = 0.84184(67) fm, which differs by 5.0 standard deviations from the CODATA value of 0.8768(69) fm. Our result implies that either the Rydberg constant has to be shifted by -110 kHz/c (4.9 standard deviations), or the calculations of the QED effects in atomic hydrogen or muonic hydrogen atoms are insufficient.
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-07-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/nature09250
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