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  1. Article ; Online: Selective Visualization of Caveolae by TEM Using APEX2.

    Ludwig, Alexander

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2020  Volume 2169, Page(s) 1–10

    Abstract: Caveolae are small flask- or cup-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane found in almost all vertebrate cells. Due to their small size (50-100 nm), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been the method of choice to study caveolae formation and ... ...

    Abstract Caveolae are small flask- or cup-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane found in almost all vertebrate cells. Due to their small size (50-100 nm), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been the method of choice to study caveolae formation and ultrastructure and, more recently, to resolve the sub-caveolar localization of its protein components using novel protein labeling methods for TEM. This chapter describes a protocol for the selective visualization of caveolae and caveolar proteins by TEM, 3D tomography, and correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) using the peroxidase APEX2.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Caveolae/metabolism ; Caveolae/ultrastructure ; Caveolin 1/metabolism ; Cell Line ; DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase/chemistry ; Endonucleases/chemistry ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission/methods ; Multifunctional Enzymes/chemistry ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Tomography/methods
    Chemical Substances CAVIN1 protein, human ; Caveolin 1 ; Multifunctional Enzymes ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Endonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; APEX2 protein, human (EC 4.2.99.18) ; DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase (EC 4.2.99.18)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-0732-9_1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: New insights into the organization and regulation of the apical polarity network in mammalian epithelial cells.

    Martin, Eleanor / Girardello, Rossana / Dittmar, Gunnar / Ludwig, Alexander

    The FEBS journal

    2021  Volume 288, Issue 24, Page(s) 7073–7095

    Abstract: Cell polarity is a fundamental property of most animal cells and is critical during development and for most cell and tissue functions. Epithelial cells are organized into apical and basolateral compartments, and this intrinsic cellular asymmetry is ... ...

    Abstract Cell polarity is a fundamental property of most animal cells and is critical during development and for most cell and tissue functions. Epithelial cells are organized into apical and basolateral compartments, and this intrinsic cellular asymmetry is essential for all functions that are carried out by epithelial tissue. The establishment of a polarized epithelial phenotype is orchestrated by major rearrangements of the cell cytoskeleton, polarized membrane trafficking, the formation and maturation of epithelial cell junctions, cell signaling pathways, and the generation of cortical phospholipid asymmetry. These processes need to be coordinated precisely in time and space and integrated with physical and chemical signals from the environment, failure of which leads to severe developmental disorders and various human diseases. At the heart of this regulatory network are the evolutionarily conserved polarity modules Par, Crumbs, and Scribble, whose components engage in complex cooperative and antagonistic interactions to compartmentalize and functionalize the epithelial cell cortex and to control the spatiotemporal activity of downstream polarity effectors. In this review, we will discuss recent insights into the organization and regulation of the mammalian Par and Crumbs modules and outline a hypothetical framework of how these proteins orchestrate epithelial polarity development, HIPPO signaling, and actomyosin activity at the apical-lateral border.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Polarity ; Epithelial Cells/cytology ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2173655-8
    ISSN 1742-4658 ; 1742-464X
    ISSN (online) 1742-4658
    ISSN 1742-464X
    DOI 10.1111/febs.15710
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 260: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article: New insights into the organization and regulation of the apical polarity network in mammalian epithelial cells

    Martin, Eleanor / Girardello, Rossana / Dittmar, Gunnar / Ludwig, Alexander

    FEBS journal. 2021 Dec., v. 288, no. 24

    2021  

    Abstract: Cell polarity is a fundamental property of most animal cells and is critical during development and for most cell and tissue functions. Epithelial cells are organized into apical and basolateral compartments, and this intrinsic cellular asymmetry is ... ...

    Abstract Cell polarity is a fundamental property of most animal cells and is critical during development and for most cell and tissue functions. Epithelial cells are organized into apical and basolateral compartments, and this intrinsic cellular asymmetry is essential for all functions that are carried out by epithelial tissue. The establishment of a polarized epithelial phenotype is orchestrated by major rearrangements of the cell cytoskeleton, polarized membrane trafficking, the formation and maturation of epithelial cell junctions, cell signaling pathways, and the generation of cortical phospholipid asymmetry. These processes need to be coordinated precisely in time and space and integrated with physical and chemical signals from the environment, failure of which leads to severe developmental disorders and various human diseases. At the heart of this regulatory network are the evolutionarily conserved polarity modules Par, Crumbs, and Scribble, whose components engage in complex cooperative and antagonistic interactions to compartmentalize and functionalize the epithelial cell cortex and to control the spatiotemporal activity of downstream polarity effectors. In this review, we will discuss recent insights into the organization and regulation of the mammalian Par and Crumbs modules and outline a hypothetical framework of how these proteins orchestrate epithelial polarity development, HIPPO signaling, and actomyosin activity at the apical–lateral border.
    Keywords asymmetry ; cell polarity ; cortex ; cytoskeleton ; epithelial cells ; epithelium ; humans ; phenotype ; phospholipids
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-12
    Size p. 7073-7095.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note REVIEW
    ZDB-ID 2173655-8
    ISSN 1742-4658 ; 1742-464X
    ISSN (online) 1742-4658
    ISSN 1742-464X
    DOI 10.1111/febs.15710
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 2006/704: Show issues

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  4. Book ; Online: Das Deutsche Rentensystem

    Ludwig, Alexander

    Thesen zur derzeitigen Diskussion um "Umkehr"-Reformen

    (White paper ; no. 40)

    2016  

    Abstract: Die aktuelle Diskussion über eine Reform der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung vermischt Fragen nach dem durchschnittlichen Rentenniveau mit Fragen der Umverteilung von Einkommen im Ruhestand zur Bekämpfung einer etwaigen Altersarmut. Dieser Beitrag ... ...

    Author's details Alexander Ludwig
    Series title White paper ; no. 40
    Abstract Die aktuelle Diskussion über eine Reform der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung vermischt Fragen nach dem durchschnittlichen Rentenniveau mit Fragen der Umverteilung von Einkommen im Ruhestand zur Bekämpfung einer etwaigen Altersarmut. Dieser Beitrag kritisiert diesen Ansatz und befasst sich mit fünf Kernaussagen: (1) Die aktuell gültige Rentenformel darf unter keinen Umständen abgeschafft werden. (2) Das Renteneintrittsalter sollte an die durchschnittliche Restlebenserwartung nach dem Erreichen des 65. Lebensjahres gekoppelt werden. (3) Eine Integration der Flüchtlinge in den Arbeitsmarkt wird das Rentenniveau in den Jahren 2030 bis 2040 stützen. (4) Sollte trotz allem die Altersarmut steigen, so kann dem durch die Einführung einer Mindestrente begegnet werden. (5) Die private Altersvorsorge muss weiter gestützt werden.
    Keywords German pension system ; reform ; retirement age
    Language German
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (circa 12 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Publisher SAFE, Sustainable Architecture for Finance in Europe
    Publishing place Frankfurt
    Document type Book ; Online
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  5. Book ; Online: Demographischer Wandel

    Ludwig, Alexander

    Kapitalrenditen, Löhne und Verteilungswirkungen

    (White paper ; no. 38)

    2016  

    Abstract: Im Nachgang der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise beobachten wir derzeit sehr niedrige Renditen im "sicheren" Anlagebereich auf dem Geldmarkt und für Staatsanleihen. Gleichzeitig sind Aktienkurse massiv gestiegen und zeichnen sich seit Beginn 2015 durch eine ... ...

    Author's details Alexander Ludwig
    Series title White paper ; no. 38
    Abstract Im Nachgang der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise beobachten wir derzeit sehr niedrige Renditen im "sicheren" Anlagebereich auf dem Geldmarkt und für Staatsanleihen. Gleichzeitig sind Aktienkurse massiv gestiegen und zeichnen sich seit Beginn 2015 durch eine Seitwärtsbewegung aus. Die Ursachen für diese Entwicklung sind teilweise bekannt: Niedrige Zinssätze aufgrund einer expansiven Geldpolitik gepaart mit hoher Unsicherheit an den Märkten reduzieren die Auswahl attraktiver Kapitalanlagemöglichkeiten erheblich. Doch wie wird sich die langfristige Entwicklung gestalten, wenn oder falls die Wirkungen der jüngsten Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise nachlassen? Gibt es einen langfristigen Trend? Spiegelt sich dieser Trend etwa bereits heute in den niedrigen Renditen wider? Vor mehr als einem Jahrzehnt, also bereits einige Jahre vor der jüngsten Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise, wurde wiederholt die sogenannte "Asset Market Meltdown"-Hypothese postuliert. Nach dieser Hypothese würden in den dreißiger Jahren dieses Jahrhunderts die Kapitalrenditen stark sinken, wenn die "Babyboomer"-Generation in den Ruhestand gehe und infolgedessen Kapital aus dem Wertpapiermarkt abziehe. Heute wird eine ähnliche Debatte unter dem Stichwort "säkulare Stagnation" geführt. Danach bestehe die Gefahr, dass die nächsten Jahrzehnte durch niedrige Wachstumsraten geprägt sein und negative Realzinsen gar zur Normalität werden könnten. Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, inwiefern die demographische Entwicklung für eine solche Stagnation verantwortlich ist.
    Keywords Kapitalmarktrendite ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Lohnstruktur ; Einkommensverteilung ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Deutschland
    Language German
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (circa 16 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Publisher SAFE, Sustainable Architecture for Finance in Europe
    Publishing place Frankfurt
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  6. Book ; Thesis: The new regulatory regime for European insurers

    Ludwig, Alexander

    expected impact on insurers investment decisions and a critical assessment of its solvency capital requirements

    2015  

    Author's details Alexander Ludwig
    Language English
    Size Getr. Zählung, Ill., graph. Darst.
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Techn. Univ., Fak. Wirtschaftswiss., Diss.--Dresden, 2015
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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  7. Book: Optimal taxes on capital in the OLG model with uninsurable idiosyncratic income risk

    Krueger, Dirk / Ludwig, Alexander

    (Discussion paper series / Centre for Economic Policy Research : Macroeconomics and growth, monetary economics and fluctuations and public economics ; DP 12717)

    2018  

    Author's details Dirk Krueger and Alexander Ludwig
    Series title Discussion paper series / Centre for Economic Policy Research : Macroeconomics and growth, monetary economics and fluctuations and public economics ; DP 12717
    Language English
    Size 78 Seiten, Illustrationen
    Document type Book
    Note Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  8. Book: Optimal taxes on capital in the OLG model with uninsurable idiosyncratic income risk

    Krueger, Dirk / Ludwig, Alexander

    (MEA discussion papers ; 2018, 02)

    2018  

    Author's details Dirk Krueger, Alexander Ludwig
    Series title MEA discussion papers ; 2018, 02
    Keywords Kapitalertragsteuer ; Optimale Besteuerung ; Overlapping Generations ; Vorsichtssparen ; Einkommen ; Risiko ; Theorie
    Language English
    Size 78 Seiten, Illustrationen
    Document type Book
    Note Zusammenfassung in deutscher Sprache ; Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  9. Book ; Online: Optimal taxes on capital in the OLG model with uninsurable idiosyncratic income risk

    Krueger, Dirk / Ludwig, Alexander

    (SAFE working paper ; no. 201)

    2018  

    Abstract: We characterize the optimal linear tax on capital in an Overlapping Generations model with two period lived households facing uninsurable idiosyncratic labor income risk. The Ramsey government internalizes the general equilibrium feedback of private ... ...

    Author's details Dirk Krueger, Alexander Ludwig
    Series title SAFE working paper ; no. 201
    Abstract We characterize the optimal linear tax on capital in an Overlapping Generations model with two period lived households facing uninsurable idiosyncratic labor income risk. The Ramsey government internalizes the general equilibrium feedback of private precautionary saving. For logarithmic utility our full analytical solution of the Ramsey problem shows that the optimal aggregate saving rate is independent of income risk. The optimal time-invariant tax on capital is increasing in income risk. Its sign depends on the extent of risk and on the Pareto weight of future generations. If the Ramsey tax rate that maximizes steady state utility is positive, then implementing this tax rate permanently generates a Pareto-improving transition even if the initial equilibrium is dynamically efficient. We generalize our results to Epstein-Zin-Weil utility and show that the optimal steady state saving rate is increasing in income risk if and only if the intertemporal elasticity of substitution is smaller than 1.
    Keywords Idiosyncratic Risk ; Taxation of Capital ; Overlapping Generations ; Precautionary Saving ; Pecuniary Externality
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  10. Book: Optimal taxes on capital in the OLG model with uninsurable idiosyncratic income risk

    Krueger, Dirk / Ludwig, Alexander

    (Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 24335)

    2018  

    Author's details Dirk Krueger, Alexander Ludwig
    Series title Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 24335
    Keywords Kapitalertragsteuer ; Optimale Besteuerung ; Overlapping Generations ; Vorsichtssparen ; Einkommen ; Risiko ; Theorie
    Language English
    Size 78 Seiten, Illustrationen
    Document type Book
    Note Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
    Database ECONomics Information System

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