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  1. Article ; Online: PrEP awareness and use among reproductive age women in Miami, Florida.

    Nogueira, Nicholas Fonseca / Luisi, Nicole / Salazar, Ana S / Cherenack, Emily M / Raccamarich, Patricia / Klatt, Nichole R / Jones, Deborah L / Alcaide, Maria L

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) e0286071

    Abstract: Background: Miami, Florida is an epicenter of the HIV epidemic in the US, with 20% of new HIV infections occurring in women. Despite effectiveness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing HIV, only 10% of eligible women benefit from its use.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Miami, Florida is an epicenter of the HIV epidemic in the US, with 20% of new HIV infections occurring in women. Despite effectiveness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing HIV, only 10% of eligible women benefit from its use.
    Setting: This study evaluates PrEP awareness and use, and factors associated with PrEP awareness among sexually active women in Miami, Florida.
    Methods: Results reported in this study included cross-sectional data that were collected as part of a baseline visit from a parent study. Cis-gender, HIV-negative, 18-45-year-old, sexually active women were recruited as part of a study evaluating recurrent bacterial vaginosis and HIV risk. Participants completed questionnaires assessing socio-demographics, HIV risk factors, prior history of HIV testing and reproductive tract infections, PrEP awareness and use. Relationships between variables and PrEP awareness were analyzed and multivariable logistic regression identified variables strongly associated with PrEP awareness.
    Results: Among the 295 women enrolled, median age was 31 (24-38) years, 49% Black, 39% White, and 34% Hispanic. Of 63% who knew about PrEP, only 5% were on PrEP. Women with income below poverty line (OR = 2.00[1.04,3.87];p = 0.04), more male sexual partners in past month (OR = 1.30[1.01,1.68];p = 0.04), lifetime HIV testing (OR = 6.42[2.83,14.52];p<0.01), and current bacterial vaginosis (OR = 2.28[1.18,4.40];p = 0.01) were more likely to be aware of PrEP. Lower odds of PrEP awareness were associated with being Black (OR = 0.38[0.15,0.96];p = 0.04), Hispanic (OR = 0.18[0.08,0.39];p<0.01), heterosexual (OR = 0.29[0.11,0.77];p<0.01), and reporting inconsistent condom use during vaginal sex (OR = 0.21[0.08,0.56];p<0.01).
    Conclusion: PrEP awareness is low among reproductive age women in a high-risk setting. Culturally tailored interventions are needed to increase PrEP awareness and uptake, especially among Black and Hispanic women with inconsistent condom use during vaginal sex with male partners.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Florida/epidemiology ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Homosexuality, Male ; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis ; Sexual Partners ; Vaginosis, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0286071
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Use of COVIDTests.gov At-Home Test Kits Among Adults in a National Household Probability Sample - United States, 2022.

    Luisi, Nicole / Sullivan, Patrick S / Sanchez, Travis / Bradley, Heather / Fahimi, Mansour / Shioda, Kayoko / Nelson, Kristin N / Lopman, Benjamin A / Siegler, Aaron J

    MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

    2023  Volume 72, Issue 16, Page(s) 445–449

    Abstract: At-home rapid antigen COVID-19 tests were first authorized by the Food and Drug Administration in late 2020 (1-3). In January 2022, the White House launched COVIDTests.gov, which made all U.S. households eligible to receive free-to-the-user at-home test ... ...

    Abstract At-home rapid antigen COVID-19 tests were first authorized by the Food and Drug Administration in late 2020 (1-3). In January 2022, the White House launched COVIDTests.gov, which made all U.S. households eligible to receive free-to-the-user at-home test kits distributed by the U.S. Postal Service (2). By May 2022, more than 70 million test kit packages had been shipped to households across the United States (2); however, how these kits were used, and which groups were using them, has not been reported. Data from a national probability survey of U.S. households (COVIDVu), collected during April-May 2022, were used to evaluate awareness about and use of these test kits (4). Most respondent households (93.8%) were aware of the program, and more than one half (59.9%) had ordered kits. Among persons who received testing for COVID-19 during the preceding 6 months, 38.3% used a COVIDTests.gov kit. Among kit users, 95.5% rated the experience as acceptable, and 23.6% reported being unlikely to have tested without the COVIDTests.gov program. Use of COVIDTests.gov kits was similar among racial and ethnic groups (42.1% non-Hispanic Black or African American [Black]; 41.5% Hispanic or Latino [Hispanic]; 34.8% non-Hispanic White [White]; and 53.7% non-Hispanic other races [other races]). Use of other home COVID-19 tests differed by race and ethnicity (11.8% Black, 44.4% Hispanic, 45.8% White, 43.8% other races). Compared with White persons, Black persons were 72% less likely to use other home test kits (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.16-0.50). Provision of tests through this well-publicized program likely improved use of COVID-19 home testing and health equity in the United States, particularly among Black persons. National programs to address availability and accessibility of critical health services in a pandemic response have substantial health value.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Testing ; Sampling Studies ; Ethnicity ; White
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 412775-4
    ISSN 1545-861X ; 0149-2195
    ISSN (online) 1545-861X
    ISSN 0149-2195
    DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm7216a6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Association of Guideline Complexity With Individuals' Ability to Determine Eligibility for COVID-19 Vaccination.

    Schurr, E Hanna / Luisi, Nicole / Sanchez, Travis / Lopman, Benjamin A / Bradley, Heather / Sullivan, Patrick S / Siegler, Aaron J

    JAMA network open

    2022  Volume 5, Issue 10, Page(s) e2234579

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Eligibility Determination ; Humans ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2574-3805
    ISSN (online) 2574-3805
    DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.34579
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Racial differences in the association of undetectable HIV viral load and transportation to an HIV provider among men who have sex with men in Atlanta, Georgia: a health equity perspective.

    Wien, Simone / Guest, Jodie L / Luisi, Nicole / Taussig, Jennifer / Kramer, Michael R / Stephenson, Rob / Millett, Greg / Del Rio, Carlos / Sullivan, Patrick S

    AIDS care

    2023  Volume 35, Issue 8, Page(s) 1154–1163

    Abstract: There are inequities in HIV outcomes among Black gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority men who have sex with men (GBMSM) compared to GBMSM overall, including access to transportation to HIV care. It is unclear if the relationship between ... ...

    Abstract There are inequities in HIV outcomes among Black gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority men who have sex with men (GBMSM) compared to GBMSM overall, including access to transportation to HIV care. It is unclear if the relationship between transportation and clinical outcomes extends to viral load. We assessed the relationship between transportation dependence to an HIV provider and undetectable viral load among Black and White GBMSM in Atlanta. We collected transportation and viral load information from GBMSM with HIV from 2016-2017 (
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Homosexuality, Male ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; HIV Infections ; Georgia/epidemiology ; Viral Load ; Health Equity ; Race Factors ; Sexual Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1012651-x
    ISSN 1360-0451 ; 0954-0121
    ISSN (online) 1360-0451
    ISSN 0954-0121
    DOI 10.1080/09540121.2023.2182871
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Prevalence of COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors in US Adults (August-December 2020): Nationwide Household Probability Survey.

    Sanchez, Travis / Hall, Eric / Siegler, Aaron J / Prakash-Asrani, Radhika / Bradley, Heather / Fahimi, Mansour / Lopman, Benjamin / Luisi, Nicole / Nelson, Kristin N / Sailey, Charles / Shioda, Kayoko / Valentine-Graves, Mariah / Sullivan, Patrick S

    JMIR public health and surveillance

    2023  Volume 9, Page(s) e37102

    Abstract: Background: COVID-19 mitigation behaviors, such as wearing masks, maintaining social distancing, and practicing hand hygiene, have been and will remain vital to slowing the pandemic.: Objective: This study aims to describe the period prevalence of ... ...

    Abstract Background: COVID-19 mitigation behaviors, such as wearing masks, maintaining social distancing, and practicing hand hygiene, have been and will remain vital to slowing the pandemic.
    Objective: This study aims to describe the period prevalence of consistent mask-wearing, social distancing, and hand hygiene practices during the peak of COVID-19 incidence (August-December 2020) and just before COVID-19 vaccine availability, overall and in demographic subgroups.
    Methods: We used baseline survey data from a nationwide household probability sample to generate weighted estimates of mitigation behaviors: wearing masks, maintaining social distancing, and practicing hand hygiene. Weighted logistic regression explored differences in mitigation behaviors by demographics. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified patterns in mitigation behaviors.
    Results: Among 4654 participants, most (n=2727, 58.6%) were female, were non-Hispanic White (n=3063, 65.8%), were aged 55 years or older (n=2099, 45.1%), lived in the South (n=2275, 48.9%), lived in metropolitan areas (n=4186, 89.9%), had at least a bachelor's degree (n=2547, 54.7%), had an income of US $50,000-$99,000 (n=1445, 31%), and were privately insured (n=2734, 58.7%). The period prevalence of consistent mask wearing was 71.1% (sample-weighted 95% CI 68.8-73.3); consistent social distancing, 42.9% (95% CI 40.5-45.3); frequent handwashing, 55.0% (95% CI 52.3-57.7); and frequent hand sanitizing, 21.5% (95% CI 19.4-23.8). Mitigation behaviors were more prevalent among women, older persons, Black or Hispanic persons, those who were not college graduates, and service-oriented workers. LCA identified an optimal-mitigation class that consistently practiced all behaviors (n=2656, 67% of US adults), a low-mitigation class that inconsistently practiced all behaviors (n=771, 20.6%), and a class that had optimal masking and social distancing but a high frequency of hand hygiene (n=463, 12.4%).
    Conclusions: Despite a high prevalence of COVID-19 mitigation behaviors, there were likely millions who did not consistently practice these behaviors during the time of the highest COVID-19 incidence. In future infectious disease outbreak responses, public health authorities should also consider addressing disparities in mitigation practices through more targeted prevention messaging.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Prevalence ; Probability ; Middle Aged ; Masks ; Physical Distancing ; Hand Hygiene
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-06
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2369-2960
    ISSN (online) 2369-2960
    DOI 10.2196/37102
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Trajectory of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Over Time and Association of Initial Vaccine Hesitancy With Subsequent Vaccination.

    Siegler, Aaron J / Luisi, Nicole / Hall, Eric W / Bradley, Heather / Sanchez, Travis / Lopman, Benjamin A / Sullivan, Patrick S

    JAMA network open

    2021  Volume 4, Issue 9, Page(s) e2126882

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Vaccination/psychology ; Vaccination Coverage/statistics & numerical data ; Vaccination Refusal/psychology ; Vaccination Refusal/statistics & numerical data
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2574-3805
    ISSN (online) 2574-3805
    DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26882
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Assessment of Bias in Estimates of Sexual Network Degree using Prospective Cohort Data.

    Uong, Stephen / Rosenberg, Eli S / Goodreau, Steven M / Luisi, Nicole / Sullivan, Patrick / Jenness, Samuel M

    Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)

    2019  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 229–237

    Abstract: Background: Sexual network degree, a count of ongoing partnerships, plays a critical role in the transmission dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections. Researchers often quantify degree using self-reported cross- ...

    Abstract Background: Sexual network degree, a count of ongoing partnerships, plays a critical role in the transmission dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections. Researchers often quantify degree using self-reported cross-sectional data on the day of survey, which may result in bias because of uncertainty about future sexual activity.
    Methods: We evaluated the bias of a cross-sectional degree measure with a prospective cohort study of men who have sex with men (MSM). At baseline, we asked men about whether recent sexual partnerships were ongoing. We confirmed the true, ongoing status of those partnerships at baseline at follow-up. With logistic regression, we estimated the partnership-level predictors of baseline measure accuracy. With Poisson regression, we estimated the longitudinally confirmed degree as a function of baseline predicted degree.
    Results: Across partnership types, the baseline ongoing status measure was 70% accurate, with higher negative predictive value (91%) than positive predictive value (39%). Partnership exclusivity and racial pairing were associated with higher accuracy. Baseline degree generally overestimated confirmed degree. Bias, or number of ongoing partners different than predicted at baseline, was -0.28 overall, ranging from -1.91 to -0.41 for MSM with any ongoing partnerships at baseline. Comparing MSM of the same baseline degree, the level of bias was stronger for black compared with white MSM, and for younger compared with older MSM.
    Conclusions: Research studies may overestimate degree when it is quantified cross-sectionally. Adjustment and structured sensitivity analyses may account for bias in studies of human immunodeficiency virus or sexually transmitted infection prevention interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Bias ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Homosexuality, Male/psychology ; Homosexuality, Male/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Sexual Partners ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1053263-8
    ISSN 1531-5487 ; 1044-3983
    ISSN (online) 1531-5487
    ISSN 1044-3983
    DOI 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001151
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Nationally representative social contact patterns among U.S. adults, August 2020-April 2021.

    Nelson, Kristin N / Siegler, Aaron J / Sullivan, Patrick S / Bradley, Heather / Hall, Eric / Luisi, Nicole / Hipp-Ramsey, Palmer / Sanchez, Travis / Shioda, Kayoko / Lopman, Benjamin A

    Epidemics

    2022  Volume 40, Page(s) 100605

    Abstract: The response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S prompted abrupt and dramatic changes to social contact patterns. Monitoring changing social behavior is essential to provide reliable input data for mechanistic models of infectious disease, which have ... ...

    Abstract The response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S prompted abrupt and dramatic changes to social contact patterns. Monitoring changing social behavior is essential to provide reliable input data for mechanistic models of infectious disease, which have been increasingly used to support public health policy to mitigate the impacts of the pandemic. While some studies have reported on changing contact patterns throughout the pandemic, few have reported differences in contact patterns among key demographic groups and none have reported nationally representative estimates. We conducted a national probability survey of US households and collected information on social contact patterns during two time periods: August-December 2020 (before widespread vaccine availability) and March-April 2021 (during national vaccine rollout). Overall, contact rates in Spring 2021 were similar to those in Fall 2020, with most contacts reported at work. Persons identifying as non-White, non-Black, non-Asian, and non-Hispanic reported high numbers of contacts relative to other racial and ethnic groups. Contact rates were highest in those reporting occupations in retail, hospitality and food service, and transportation. Those testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies reported a higher number of daily contacts than those who were seronegative. Our findings provide evidence for differences in social behavior among demographic groups, highlighting the profound disparities that have become the hallmark of the COVID-19 pandemic.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Racial Groups ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-30
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2467993-8
    ISSN 1878-0067 ; 1755-4365
    ISSN (online) 1878-0067
    ISSN 1755-4365
    DOI 10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100605
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Nationally Representative Social Contact Patterns among U.S. adults, August 2020-April 2021.

    Nelson, Kristin N / Siegler, Aaron J / Sullivan, Patrick S / Bradley, Heather / Hall, Eric / Luisi, Nicole / Hipp-Ramsey, Palmer / Sanchez, Travis / Shioda, Kayoko / Lopman, Benjamin A

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2022  

    Abstract: The response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S prompted abrupt and dramatic changes to social contact patterns. Monitoring changing social behavior is essential to provide reliable input data for mechanistic models of infectious disease, which have ... ...

    Abstract The response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S prompted abrupt and dramatic changes to social contact patterns. Monitoring changing social behavior is essential to provide reliable input data for mechanistic models of infectious disease, which have been increasingly used to support public health policy to mitigate the impacts of the pandemic. While some studies have reported on changing contact patterns throughout the pandemic., few have reported on differences in contact patterns among key demographic groups and none have reported nationally representative estimates. We conducted a national probability survey of US households and collected information on social contact patterns during two time periods: August-December 2020 (before widespread vaccine availability) and March-April 2021 (during national vaccine rollout). Overall, contact rates in Spring 2021 were similar to those in Fall 2020, with most contacts reported at work. Persons identifying as non-White, non-Black, non-Asian, and non-Hispanic reported high numbers of contacts relative to other racial and ethnic groups. Contact rates were highest in those reporting occupations in retail, hospitality and food service, and transportation. Those testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies reported a higher number of daily contacts than those who were seronegative. Our findings provide evidence for differences in social behavior among demographic groups, highlighting the profound disparities that have become the hallmark of the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2021.09.22.21263904
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Willingness to Seek Diagnostic Testing for SARS-CoV-2 With Home, Drive-through, and Clinic-Based Specimen Collection Locations.

    Siegler, Aaron J / Hall, Eric / Luisi, Nicole / Zlotorzynska, Maria / Wilde, Gretchen / Sanchez, Travis / Bradley, Heather / Sullivan, Patrick S

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 7, Issue 7, Page(s) ofaa269

    Abstract: Background: SARS-CoV-2 virus testing for persons with COVID-19 symptoms, and contact tracing for those testing positive, will be critical to successful epidemic control. Willingness of persons experiencing symptoms to seek testing may determine the ... ...

    Abstract Background: SARS-CoV-2 virus testing for persons with COVID-19 symptoms, and contact tracing for those testing positive, will be critical to successful epidemic control. Willingness of persons experiencing symptoms to seek testing may determine the success of this strategy.
    Methods: A cross-sectional online survey in the United States measured willingness to seek testing if feeling ill under different specimen collection scenarios: home-based saliva, home-based swab, drive-through facility swab, and clinic-based swab. Instructions clarified that home-collected specimens would be mailed to a laboratory for testing. We presented similar willingness questions regarding testing during follow-up care.
    Results: Of 1435 participants, comprising a broad range of sociodemographic groups, 92% were willing to test with a home saliva specimen, 88% with home swab, 71% with drive-through swab, and 60% with clinic-collected swab. Moreover, 68% indicated they would be more likely to get tested if there was a home testing option. There were no significant differences in willingness items across sociodemographic variables or for those currently experiencing COVID-19 symptoms. Results were nearly identical for willingness to receive testing for follow-up COVID-19 care.
    Conclusions: We observed a hierarchy of willingness to test for SARS-CoV-2, ordered by the degree of contact required. Home specimen collection options could result in up to one-third more symptomatic persons seeking testing, facilitating contact tracing and optimal clinical care. Remote specimen collection options may ease supply chain challenges and decrease the likelihood of nosocomial transmission. As home specimen collection options receive regulatory approval, they should be scaled rapidly by health systems.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofaa269
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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