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Article: Skin Manifestation of Human Monkeypox.

Wang, Xue / Lun, Wenhui

2023 Volume 12, Issue 3

Abstract: Monkeypox is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection, which is mainly manifested as characteristic rashes. It spreads mainly through direct skin-to-skin contact. In some cases, respiratory transmission occurs through ... ...

Abstract	Monkeypox is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection, which is mainly manifested as characteristic rashes. It spreads mainly through direct skin-to-skin contact. In some cases, respiratory transmission occurs through contact with respiratory droplets when in close contact with an infected person for a long time. The monkeypox outbreak in 2022 frequently occurred in the MSM (men who have sex with men) population, raising concerns about whether monkeypox could be transmitted through sexual behavior. This article mainly reviews the research progress of skin manifestations of monkeypox, including typical and atypical rashes of monkeypox, and different skin manifestations in some special groups, such as children, pregnant women and individuals co-infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and MPXV. At present, dermatologists are not very familiar with the diagnosis and treatment of monkeypox, it is therefore necessary to review the skin manifestations of monkeypox, which can help clinicians diagnose the sporadic cases and monitor the occurrence of monkeypox early, particularly in people at higher risk of infection. Early clinical diagnosis and treatment can largely avoid serious complications and death from monkeypox.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm12030914
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Article ; Online: Clinical characteristics of infants hospitalized with early congenital syphilitic nephropathy: a single-center retrospective cross-sectional study in China.

Wang, Caiying / Lun, Wenhui / Pang, Lin

BMC pediatrics

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 442

Abstract: Background: Early studies claimed that early congenital syphilitic (CS) nephropathy was rare, and systematic studies about this disease are absent, which may lead to poor awareness of early CS nephropathy in clinicians and result in misdiagnosis and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Early studies claimed that early congenital syphilitic (CS) nephropathy was rare, and systematic studies about this disease are absent, which may lead to poor awareness of early CS nephropathy in clinicians and result in misdiagnosis and poor patient prognosis. The present study systematically and comprehensively analyzes the clinical characteristics of infants with early CS nephropathy hospitalized in Beijing Ditan Hospital, an infectious disease hospital in China in order to improve the understanding and management of this disorder. Methods: Data of the children with early CS from July 1, 2008, to December 31, 2021, were collected from the electronic medical record system of the hospital. Each patient's demographic characteristics, clinical history, mother's history of syphilitic infection, and laboratory values were extracted. The patients were enrolled to either the nephropathy group or the non-nephropathy group depending on diagnosis. Descriptive statistics was used to report basic demographics, clinical and laboratory test values, and variables were compared between the two groups by nonparametric tests, t test or χ Results: Of the 122 children with early CS enrolled, 24(19.7%) were diagnosed with early CS nephropathy. All of the children with CS nephropathy were young infants < 6 months old. A majority of them showed typical congenital syphilitic skin lesions, but a quarter of them did not have skin lesions. Compared with non-nephropathic children with early CS, those with nephropathy had higher frequency of hepatosplenomegaly, fever, edema, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, and anemia, as well as decreased C3 levels. Urinalysis results showed hematuria in all patients with early CS nephropathy, with proteinuria and renal function impairment in 91.7% and 12.5% of the patients, respectively. Nephritic-type nephrotic syndrome and glomerulonephritis were diagnosed in 45.8% and 54.2% of these patients, respectively. All infants with CS nephropathy were cured or improved after appropriate treatments. Conclusion: Infants with early CS nephropathy often presented with nephritic-type nephrotic syndrome or glomerulonephritis, and the typical skin lesions, fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and edema, etc., were its common clinical presentations, and these characteristics could help with the diagnosis. But for infants with nephropathy who did not have typical clinical presentations, CS should also be screened as an important etiology to avoid misdiagnosis.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Retrospective Studies ; Kidney Diseases ; China/epidemiology ; Fever ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematuria ; Proteinuria
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041342-7
ISSN	1471-2431 ; 1471-2431
ISSN (online)	1471-2431
ISSN	1471-2431
DOI	10.1186/s12887-023-04250-4
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Article ; Online: Associations of toluidine red unheated serum test response to the treatment of syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis: a 10-year real-world study.

Wei, Jin / Pang, Mengyao / Lun, Wenhui

Chinese medical journal

2022

Abstract: Background: So far, there is a paucity of real-world data on the syphilis serological responses to the first-line treatment during pregnancy, and there is no relevant study on the necessity of anti-syphilis treatment during pregnancy for those patients ... ...

Abstract	Background: So far, there is a paucity of real-world data on the syphilis serological responses to the first-line treatment during pregnancy, and there is no relevant study on the necessity of anti-syphilis treatment during pregnancy for those patients who have been treated for syphilis before pregnancy for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, which might provide valuable insight into treatment effectiveness and optimal management of pregnant women with syphilis. Methods: A retrospective study on 10 years of real-world data was performed for accumulative 410 Chinese pregnant women with syphilis. The descriptive statistics were conducted in the study, and toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST) titer responses to penicillin treatment in syphilis-infected pregnant women, and the associations with congenital syphilis were investigated. We divided the patients into two groups according to the history of anti-syphilis treatment before pregnancy (patients diagnosed with syphilis who had received anti-syphilis treatment before pregnancy, and patients screened and diagnosed with syphilis during pregnancy who had no previous history of anti-syphilis treatment). Results: The rate of congenital syphilis in this study was 6.2% (25/406). There was no significant difference in the rate of congenital syphilis between patients who received anti-syphilis treatment before pregnancy and those who did not. Secondary syphilis and high baseline serum TRUST titer (≥1:8) in pregnant women were independent risk factors for congenital syphilis. Conclusions: For the prevention of congenital syphilis, anti-syphilis treatment during pregnancy for syphilis seropositive pregnant women is needed, regardless of whether the patient has received anti-syphilis treatment before pregnancy, especially for those patients with secondary syphilis or high baseline serum TRUST titer, thus, timely surveillance, early diagnosis to timely treatment, and close syphilis reexamination during posttreatment follow-up, may help to reduce the above-mentioned risk factors for congenital syphilis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-25
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	127089-8
ISSN	2542-5641 ; 0366-6999 ; 1002-0187
ISSN (online)	2542-5641
ISSN	0366-6999 ; 1002-0187
DOI	10.1097/CM9.0000000000002115
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Article ; Online: Characteristic profiling of soluble factors in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurosyphilis.

Xu, Dongmei / Jiang, Yu / Lun, Wenhui / Cao, Yu / Xu, Xiaoxue / Wang, Beibei / Li, Rui / Chen, Chen / Huang, Yuming / Zeng, Hui

The Journal of infectious diseases

2024

Abstract: Background: Soluble inflammatory factors have been investigated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neurosyphilis patients with low-throughput technology. This study aimed to illustrate the characteristics of soluble factors profiles in CSF of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Soluble inflammatory factors have been investigated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neurosyphilis patients with low-throughput technology. This study aimed to illustrate the characteristics of soluble factors profiles in CSF of neurosyphilis patients. Methods: We measured the concentrations of 45 cytokines/chemokines/growth factors in CSF from 112 untreated syphilis cases, including latent syphilis (LS), asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS), meningeal neurosyphilis (MNS), meningovascular neurosyphilis (MVNS), paralytic dementia (PD) and ocular syphilis (OS). Results: Thirty-three differentially expressed soluble factors (DeSFs) were categorized into three clusters. DeSFs scores of cluster 1 and 2 (DeSFS1 and DeSFS2) were positively correlated with elevated neopterin and neurofilament light subunit (NF-L) concentration, respectively. DeSFs scores of cluster 3 were positively correlated with WBC, protein, NF-L and neopterin. Patients with LS, ANS, and OS exhibited an overall lower abundance of DeSFs. PD patients exhibited significantly increased levels of cluster 1 and 3, and the highest total DeSFs score, while patients with MNS and MVNS showed enhanced levels of cluster 2. ROC analysis revealed that DeSFS1 effectively discriminated PD, and DeSFS2 discriminated MNS/MVNS with high accuracy. Conclusions: Patients with neurosyphilis at different stages have distinctive patterns of soluble factors in CSF, which are correlated with immune status and neuronal damage.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1093/infdis/jiae008
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Article: Changes of serofast status in HIV negative asymptomatic neurosyphilis patients after treatment.

Liu, Jing / Zhao, Tian-Wei / Zhou, Chun / Yan, Hui-Wen / Lun, Wen-Hui

Frontiers in medicine

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 938016

Abstract: Serofast status after therapy in syphilis patients is a common phenomenon. A proportion of patients who have serofast status exhibit abnormal cerebrospinal fluid test results, which can be defined as asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS); however, it remains ... ...

Abstract	Serofast status after therapy in syphilis patients is a common phenomenon. A proportion of patients who have serofast status exhibit abnormal cerebrospinal fluid test results, which can be defined as asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS); however, it remains unclear whether ANS patients can achieve serological cure after anti-neurosyphilis treatment as quickly as other serofast patients. In this study, non-treponemal pallidum antibody serological responses were studied in ANS and serofast control patients, and the cumulative rates of serological cure in the ANS group were 9.6, 22.1, 25.9, and 30.2% in 3, 6, 9, and 12 month after treatment, which were statistically higher than those of the serofast control group. The change gap in serological cure rates was even more pronounced within 6 months after treatment, but the majority of ANS patients had no change in serofast status at 12 months after treatment. Our study indicates that anti-neurosyphilis therapy can partially change the serofast status. As serofast status cannot easily be changed even under neurosyphilis treatment in the majority of patients, the pathogenesis of this condition needs further research.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2022.938016
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Article ; Online: Identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis of syphilis from the cerebrospinal fluid based on untargeted metabolomic analysis.

Liu, Liguo / Xu, Dongmei / Chen, Fengxin / Cai, Shengnan / Wei, Jin / Deng, Jiaheng / Zheng, Jianhua / Jin, Qi / Lun, Wenhui

Molecular omics

2023 Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) 484–491

Abstract: The infection rate of syphilis continues to rise globally, and the difficulty in diagnosis of neurosyphilis promptly needs to be resolved. More specific and sensitive diagnostic markers for latent syphilis and neurosyphilis should be found. Here the ... ...

Abstract	The infection rate of syphilis continues to rise globally, and the difficulty in diagnosis of neurosyphilis promptly needs to be resolved. More specific and sensitive diagnostic markers for latent syphilis and neurosyphilis should be found. Here the metabolic profiles of 88 cerebrospinal fluid samples from syphilis patients and controls were analyzed by LC/MS-based untargeted metabolomics. In total, 272 metabolites based on 3937 features obtained in ESI- mode and 252 metabolites based on 3799 features in ESI+ mode were identified. The experimental process was evaluated by principal component analysis, partial least squares discriminant analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis. A clear separation between latent syphilis and neurosyphilis was found. Levels of lipid and linoleic acid metabolites, such as 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid and 9,10,13-trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid, were increased in syphilis patients. In patients with neurosyphilis, significant changes in levels of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP) and acetyl-
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Syphilis ; Linoleic Acid ; 5-Hydroxytryptophan ; Theophylline ; Tryptophan ; Neurosyphilis/cerebrospinal fluid ; Neurosyphilis/diagnosis ; Metabolomics ; Biomarkers
Chemical Substances	Linoleic Acid (9KJL21T0QJ) ; N-acetyl-N-formyl-5-methoxykynurenamine (52450-38-1) ; 5-Hydroxytryptophan (C1LJO185Q9) ; Theophylline (C137DTR5RG) ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX) ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2515-4184
ISSN (online)	2515-4184
DOI	10.1039/d3mo00026e
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Article ; Online: Condyloma acuminata on the nipple and coronary sulcus of the penis: A case report.

Wu, Yan / Song, Ge / Li, Man / Lun, Wenhui

Medicine

2019 Volume 98, Issue 16, Page(s) e15109

Abstract: Rationale: Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a benign tumor primarily caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) type-6 or type-11, lesions of which are most frequently found on the genital and perianal squamous mucosa and skin. CA outside the ... ...

Abstract	Rationale: Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a benign tumor primarily caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) type-6 or type-11, lesions of which are most frequently found on the genital and perianal squamous mucosa and skin. CA outside the genitals is not common. Patient concerns: A 29-year-old male presented with lesions on the left nipple and coronary sulcus after heterosexual contact. Diagnoses: Histopathological examination and HPV detection made a definite diagnosis of CA. Intervention: The patient was treated with microwave and topical imiquimod cream. Outcomes: After 6 months follow-up, there was no sign of recurrence. Lessons: This case shows that we should pay more attention to CA outside the genitals in the process of diagnosis and treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Condylomata Acuminata/diagnosis ; Condylomata Acuminata/drug therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Human papillomavirus 6/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Imiquimod/therapeutic use ; Male ; Nipples/pathology ; Penis/pathology
Chemical Substances	Imiquimod (P1QW714R7M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80184-7
ISSN	1536-5964 ; 0025-7974
ISSN (online)	1536-5964
ISSN	0025-7974
DOI	10.1097/MD.0000000000015109
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Article: Bilateral Peripheral Facial Paralysis Combined with HIV Meningitis During Acute HIV-1 Infection: A Case Report.

Wu, Yan / Song, Ge / Wei, Chun-Bo / Lun, Wen-Hui

Chinese medical sciences journal = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh tsa chih

2019 Volume 34, Issue 1, Page(s) 55–59

Abstract: Here we reported a Chinese case of bilateral peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) in human immunodeficiency virusc (HIV) infected population. A 38-year-old homosexual male patient was referred to our hospital for bilateral facial paralysis. 21 days prior to ...

Abstract	Here we reported a Chinese case of bilateral peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) in human immunodeficiency virusc (HIV) infected population. A 38-year-old homosexual male patient was referred to our hospital for bilateral facial paralysis. 21 days prior to admission he had developed high fever, chills, headache, fatigue, general malaise, nausea and vomiting. Neurological examination revealed bilateral ptosis of lower lip and cheeks, as well as failure of bilateral eyes closure. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed pleocytosis, a marked rise of micro total protein and a marked rise of intrathecal lgG synthesis. The result of HIV-1 serology was positive by ELISA and that was confirmed by western blot. His CD4
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Facial Paralysis/blood ; Facial Paralysis/pathology ; Facial Paralysis/physiopathology ; HIV Infections/blood ; HIV Infections/pathology ; HIV Infections/physiopathology ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Male ; Meningitis/blood ; Meningitis/pathology ; Meningitis/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-08
Publishing country	China
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1083365-1
ISSN	1001-9294
ISSN	1001-9294
DOI	10.24920/003460
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Article ; Online: Elevation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Light and Heavy Neurofilament Levels in Symptomatic Neurosyphilis.

Xu, Dong-Mei / Cai, Sheng-Nan / Li, Rui / Wu, Yan / Liu, Shun-Ai / Lun, Wen-Hui

Sexually transmitted diseases

2020 Volume 47, Issue 9, Page(s) 634–638

Abstract: Background: Although clinical manifestations of symptomatic and asymptomatic neurosyphilis are different, few laboratory tests could reflect the difference.: Methods: A total of 92 non-HIV-infected patients with syphilis were enrolled in this study, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although clinical manifestations of symptomatic and asymptomatic neurosyphilis are different, few laboratory tests could reflect the difference. Methods: A total of 92 non-HIV-infected patients with syphilis were enrolled in this study, including 23 with symptomatic neurosyphilis, 51 with asymptomatic neurosyphilis, and 18 with latent syphilis, which were excluded neurosyphilis because they were found to have no symptom and normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests and served as the control group. The concentrations of neurofilament light subunit (NF-L) and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy subunit (pNF-H) in the CSF were measured and compared among these groups, as well as before and after treatment in the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. Results: The median concentrations of NF-L in the symptomatic neurosyphilis, asymptomatic neurosyphilis, and control groups were 5806, 218, and 266 pg/mL, respectively (P < 0.001), and the median concentrations of pNF-H were 986, 43, and 49 pg/mL, respectively (P < 0.001). A subgroup of 15 symptomatic neurosyphilis and 10 asymptomatic neurosyphilis patients were followed up and underwent CSF examination 6 months after the antineurosyphilis treatment. The median concentration of NF-L in the symptomatic neurosyphilis group decreased from baseline 6420 to 2914 pg/mL after the treatment (P = 0.03), and the median concentration of pNF-H in the symptomatic neurosyphilis group decreased from baseline 1399 to 246 pg/mL after the treatment (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Neurofilament light subunit and pNF-H were significantly elevated in the symptomatic neurosyphilis patients, not in asymptomatic neurosyphilis, which was an implication of the different pathogeneses in neurosyphilis.
MeSH term(s)	Cerebrospinal Fluid ; HIV Infections ; Humans ; Intermediate Filaments ; Neurosyphilis/diagnosis ; Neurosyphilis/drug therapy ; Neurosyphilis/epidemiology ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Latent
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	435191-5
ISSN	1537-4521 ; 0148-5717
ISSN (online)	1537-4521
ISSN	0148-5717
DOI	10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001236
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Article ; Online: Transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in a mid-size city of China.

Zhao, Hongjun / Lu, Xiaoxiao / Lun, Wenhui / Li, Tiegang / Rao, Boqi / Wang, Dedong / Wu, Di / Qiu, Fuman / Yang, Zhicong / Lu, Jiachun

BMC infectious diseases

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 793

Abstract: Background: An outbreak of pneumonia, COVID-19 associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan city and then rapidly spread to other cities. Wenzhou is located approximately 900 km from Wuhan, which was ... ...

Abstract	Background: An outbreak of pneumonia, COVID-19 associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan city and then rapidly spread to other cities. Wenzhou is located approximately 900 km from Wuhan, which was experiencing an outbreak that was severe at the time but is considered modest as the epidemic became a pandemic. We described the epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 outside of the epicenter to help understand the transmission pattern in a mid-sized Chinese city. Methods: To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19, we described case series of 473 patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Wenzhou, China from January 27 to March 16, 2020. We described the public health interventions of COVID-19 and evaluated the effect of interventions by the effective reproduction number (R Results: The median age of all patients was 47.6 years, 48.4% of whom were female. 33.8% of the patients had a history of residence in Wuhan. Fever (71.7%) and cough (43.1%) were the most common symptoms. In addition, three kinds of unconventional cases were observed, namely 4.9% asymptomatic patients, 7.6% confirmed patients who had no link to Wuhan city but contact with individuals from Wuhan without any symptoms at the time of contact, and 12.9% confirmed patients who had an unknown source of transmission. We estimated that the basic reproductive number (R Conclusion: Our study presented the possibility of asymptomatic carriers affected with SARS-CoV-2, and transmission by these three kinds of unconventional patients in Wenzhou may be an important characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The evaluation showed that a series of multifaceted interventions proved effective in controlling the epidemic of COVID-19. These findings might provide valuable examples of control policies for countries or areas in combatting the global pandemic of COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology ; Cities ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041550-3
ISSN	1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
ISSN	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-021-06522-9
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