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Article: The beneficial effects of Moringa oleifera leaf on reproductive performance in mice

Zeng, Bin / Luo, Junyi

Food Science & Nutrition, 7(2):738-746

2019

Abstract: Moringa oleifera is a tropical plant with high nutritional and medicinal value. Recent studies have reported its remarkable effects in inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti‐diabetes modulations, but there was no significant report on its role in animal ... ...

Abstract	Moringa oleifera is a tropical plant with high nutritional and medicinal value. Recent studies have reported its remarkable effects in inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti‐diabetes modulations, but there was no significant report on its role in animal breeding. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary Moringa oleifera leaf (MOL) on reproductive performances in mice. We studied the reproductive performance of mice for six consecutive gestations. Mice fed with 4% MOL diet showed improved litter size, litter birth weight, and litter survivals until weaning age compared to control mice fed with normal diet (p < 0.05). Mice fed with MOL diet did not change weight and organ coefficients. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in both male and female mice were significantly decreased by dietary MOL (p < 0.05), but glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were unchanged. For male, dietary MOL significantly reduced sperm abnormality rate (p < 0.05) and Bcl2‐associated X protein (Bax) expression in testis (p < 0.05), but did not affect serum testosterone and the expression levels of androgen receptor (AR), phosphoglycerate kinase 2 (Pgk2), protamine2 (Prm2), and B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) in testis. For female, dietary MOL did not change serum estradiol and the expressions of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), Bcl2, Bax, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) in ovary. In summary, MOL increased litter size and antioxidant ability, reduced the rate of sperm abnormality and the expression of Bax. Therefore, MOL may serve as a functional feed addictive for improving animal reproductive performance.
Keywords	Bax ; Moringa oleifera ; mice ; sperm abnormality ; reproduction
Language	English
Document type	Article
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article: Lower methionine/cystine ratio in low‐protein diet improves animal reproductive performance by modulating methionine cycle

Chen, Xingping / Luo, Junyi

Food Science & Nutrition, 7(9):2866-2874

2019

Abstract: BACKGROUND As the extend of low‐protein diets in many countries including China, more researches of amino acid nutrition (AA) have been carried out. But the ideal AA pattern, especially the reasonable proportion of amino acids such as the desired ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND As the extend of low‐protein diets in many countries including China, more researches of amino acid nutrition (AA) have been carried out. But the ideal AA pattern, especially the reasonable proportion of amino acids such as the desired methionine (Met): cystine (Cys) ratios are not yet clear. OBJECTIVES In this article, the experiments of low‐protein diet with varying ratios of Met:Cys (low ratio of 1:3, medium ratio of 1:1, and high ratio of 3:1) were conducted to investigate the effect on mice growth and reproductive performance. RESULTS The result indicated that the lower Met:Cys ratio improves reproductive performance in male mice, but the growth performance were no change in all groups. Meanwhile, the abnormality rate of sperm increased as the ratio of methionine and cystine increased. Quantitative analysis showed that the low Met:Cys ratio has obviously decreased the expression of Bax protein and the concentrations of testosterone in male serum, but Prm2, Pgk2, Bcl‐2, Bak1, and AR gene were made no difference. Furthermore, different Met:Cys ratios have significant effects on the modulated methionine cycle by increasing the expressions of MAT2B, GNMT, and BHMT in low Met:Cys ratio. On the other hand, it was also found that there were increases in GSH‐Px enzyme activities and decreases in MDA levels in male serum. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the present study showed that a dietary lower Met:Cys ratio in a low‐protein diet had a positive influence on the reproductive performance of male animal through obviously improving sperm quality and antioxidant capacity, and inhibiting apoptosis. And the study provided new pieces of evidence to re‐evaluate the role of precise sulfur amino acid nutrition in a low‐protein diet.
Keywords	Met:Cys ; antioxidant activity ; methionine cycle ; reproductive performance
Language	English
Document type	Article
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article ; Online: Extracellular Vesicles: A Crucial Player in the Intestinal Microenvironment and Beyond.

Wang, Shumeng / Luo, Junyi / Wang, Hailong / Chen, Ting / Sun, Jiajie / Xi, Qianyun / Zhang, Yongliang

International journal of molecular sciences

2024 Volume 25, Issue 6

Abstract: The intestinal ecological environment plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption and overall well-being. In recent years, research has focused on the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in both physiological and pathological conditions of the ... ...

Abstract	The intestinal ecological environment plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption and overall well-being. In recent years, research has focused on the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in both physiological and pathological conditions of the intestine. The intestine does not only consume EVs from exogenous foods, but also those from other endogenous tissues and cells, and even from the gut microbiota. The alteration of conditions in the intestine and the intestinal microbiota subsequently gives rise to changes in other organs and systems, including the central nervous system (CNS), namely the microbiome-gut-brain axis, which also exhibits a significant involvement of EVs. This review first gives an overview of the generation and isolation techniques of EVs, and then mainly focuses on elucidating the functions of EVs derived from various origins on the intestine and the intestinal microenvironment, as well as the impacts of an altered intestinal microenvironment on other physiological systems. Lastly, we discuss the role of microbial and cellular EVs in the microbiome-gut-brain axis. This review enhances the understanding of the specific roles of EVs in the gut microenvironment and the central nervous system, thereby promoting more effective treatment strategies for certain associated diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Extracellular Vesicles ; Brain-Gut Axis ; Central Nervous System ; Environment ; Food
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25063478
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Synergism of fermented feed and ginseng polysaccharide on growth performance, intestinal development, and immunity of Xuefeng black-bone chickens.

Liu, Jie / Wang, Huan / Luo, Junyi / Chen, Ting / Xi, Qianyun / Sun, Jiajie / Wei, Limin / Zhang, Yongliang

BMC veterinary research

2024 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 13

Abstract: Microbial fermented feed (MF) is considered a valuable strategy to bring advantages to livestock and is widely practiced. Oral supplementation of Ginseng polysaccharide (Gps) eliminated weight loss in chickens following vaccination. This study ... ...

Abstract	Microbial fermented feed (MF) is considered a valuable strategy to bring advantages to livestock and is widely practiced. Oral supplementation of Ginseng polysaccharide (Gps) eliminated weight loss in chickens following vaccination. This study investigated the effects of the combined use of Gps and MF on growth performance and immune indices in Xuefeng black-bone chickens. A total of 400 Xuefeng black-bone chickens at the age of 1 day were randomly assigned to four groups. Normal feed group (Control group), ginseng polysaccharide (200 mg/kg) group (Gps group), microbially fermented feed (completely replace the normal feed) group (MF group), and microbially fermented feed and add ginseng polysaccharide just before use (MF + Gps group). Each group contained 5 pens per treatment and 20 birds per pen. The body weight and average daily gain in the Gps, MF, and MF + Gps groups increased significantly (P < 0.01), while the feed conversion ratio decreased significantly (P < 0.01). The combined use of MF and Gps showed a synergistic effect. There was no significant difference in villus height (cecal) between the experimental group and the Con group. The crypt depth of the three experimental groups exhibited a significantly lower value compared to the Control group (P < 0.05). The V/C ratio of the Gps group and MF + Gps was significantly increased (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the MF group. Moreover, the diarrhea rate of the Gps and the MF + Gps groups was lower than that of the Con group, while that of the MF + Gps group decreased the mortality rate (P < 0.05). The serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in the MF, Gps, and MF + Gps groups decreased significantly (P < 0.01), the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels increased significantly (P < 0.01), while the combination of MF and Gps had a synergistic effect. The combined use of Gps and MF not only further improved growth performance and immune parameters, but also reduced the diarrhea rate and mortality.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Panax ; Chickens ; Body Weight ; Cecum ; Diarrhea/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2191675-5
ISSN	1746-6148 ; 1746-6148
ISSN (online)	1746-6148
ISSN	1746-6148
DOI	10.1186/s12917-023-03859-y
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Article ; Online: The difference of intestinal microbiota composition between Lantang and Landrace newborn piglets.

Li, Ling / Li, Shuai / Luo, Junyi / Chen, Ting / Xi, Qianyun / Zhang, Yongliang / Sun, Jiajie

BMC veterinary research

2023 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 174

Abstract: Background: The early development of intestinal microbiota plays a fundamental role in host health and development. To investigate the difference in the intestinal microbial composition between Lantang and Landrace newborn piglets, we amplified and ... ...

Abstract	Background: The early development of intestinal microbiota plays a fundamental role in host health and development. To investigate the difference in the intestinal microbial composition between Lantang and Landrace newborn piglets, we amplified and sequenced the V3-V4 region of 16 S rRNA gene in jejunal microbiota of Lantang and landrace newborn. Results: The findings revealed that the dominant phyla in the jejunum of Lantang piglets were Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, while the dominant phyla of Landrace is Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria. Specifically, Corynebacterium_1, Lactobacillus, Rothia, Granulicatella, Corynebacteriales_unclassified, Corynebacterium, Globicatella and Actinomycetales_unclassified were found to be the dominant genera of Lantang group, while Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Escherichia-Shigella, Actinobacillus and Bifidobacterium were the dominant genera of Landrace. Based on the functional prediction of bacteria, we found that bacterial communities from Lantang samples had a significantly greater abundance pathways of fatty acid synthesis, protein synthesis, DNA replication, recombination, repair and material transport across membranes, while the carrier protein of pathogenic bacteria was more abundant in Landrace samples. Conclusions: Overall, there was a tremendous difference in the early intestinal flora composition between Landang and Landrace piglets, which was related to the breed characteristics and may be one of the reasons affecting the growth characteristics. However, more further extensive studies should be included to reveal the underlying relationship between early intestinal flora composition in different breeds and pig growth characteristics.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Swine ; Animals, Newborn ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Plant Breeding ; Bacteria/genetics ; Jejunum/microbiology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2191675-5
ISSN	1746-6148 ; 1746-6148
ISSN (online)	1746-6148
ISSN	1746-6148
DOI	10.1186/s12917-023-03642-z
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Article: Effects of Spinach Extract and Licorice Extract on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets.

Zhu, Jiahao / Lian, Jincong / Deng, Haibin / Luo, Junyi / Chen, Ting / Sun, Jiajie / Zhang, Yongliang / Yang, Yongan / Liu, Pingxiang / Xi, Qianyun

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2024 Volume 14, Issue 2

Abstract: Anemia and weaning stress are important factors affecting piglet growth performance. Spinach extract and licorice extract have been used to improve anemia and antioxidant capacity, respectively. However, whether they have synergistic effects has not been ...

Abstract	Anemia and weaning stress are important factors affecting piglet growth performance. Spinach extract and licorice extract have been used to improve anemia and antioxidant capacity, respectively. However, whether they have synergistic effects has not been reported. To evaluate the effects of mixed spinach extract and licorice extract on growth performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in weaned piglets, a total of 160 weaned piglets were randomly allotted to four treatments with four replications of 10 piglets each. The four treatments were as follows: control (CON) group (basal diet), spinach extract (SE) group (basal diet + 1.5 kg/t spinach extract), licorice extract (LE) group (basal diet + 400 g/t licorice extract), and spinach extract and licorice extract (MIX) group (basal diet + 1.5 kg/t spinach extract + 400 g/t licorice extract). The results showed that, compared with the CON group, diets supplemented with spinach extract and licorice extract significantly increased the average daily gain (
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani14020321
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Article ; Online: Integrated meta-omics reveals the regulatory landscape involved in lipid metabolism between pig breeds.

Sun, Jiajie / Xie, Fang / Wang, Jing / Luo, Junyi / Chen, Ting / Jiang, Qingyan / Xi, Qianyun / Liu, George E / Zhang, Yongliang

Microbiome

2024 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 33

Abstract: Background: Domesticated pigs serve as an ideal animal model for biomedical research and also provide the majority of meat for human consumption in China. Porcine intramuscular fat content associates with human health and diseases and is essential in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Domesticated pigs serve as an ideal animal model for biomedical research and also provide the majority of meat for human consumption in China. Porcine intramuscular fat content associates with human health and diseases and is essential in pork quality. The molecular mechanisms controlling lipid metabolism and intramuscular fat accretion across tissues in pigs, and how these changes in response to pig breeds, remain largely unknown. Results: We surveyed the tissue-resident cell types of the porcine jejunum, colon, liver, and longissimus dorsi muscle between Lantang and Landrace breeds by single-cell RNA sequencing. Combining lipidomics and metagenomics approaches, we also characterized gene signatures and determined key discriminating markers of lipid digestibility, absorption, conversion, and deposition across tissues in two pig breeds. In Landrace, lean-meat swine mainly exhibited breed-specific advantages in lipid absorption and oxidation for energy supply in small and large intestinal epitheliums, nascent high-density lipoprotein synthesis for reverse cholesterol transport in enterocytes and hepatocytes, bile acid formation, and secretion for fat emulsification in hepatocytes, as well as intestinal-microbiota gene expression involved in lipid accumulation product. In Lantang, obese-meat swine showed a higher synthesis capacity of chylomicrons responsible for high serum triacylglycerol levels in small intestinal epitheliums, the predominant characteristics of lipid absorption in muscle tissue, and greater intramuscular adipcytogenesis potentials from muscular fibro-adipogenic progenitor subpopulation. Conclusions: The findings enhanced our understanding of the cellular biology of lipid metabolism and opened new avenues to improve animal production and human diseases. Video Abstract.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; China ; Lipid Metabolism/genetics ; Lipids ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism ; Swine
Chemical Substances	Lipids
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Video-Audio Media ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2697425-3
ISSN	2049-2618 ; 2049-2618
ISSN (online)	2049-2618
ISSN	2049-2618
DOI	10.1186/s40168-023-01743-3
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Article ; Online: Intelligent cholinergic white matter pathways algorithm based on U-net reflects cognitive impairment in patients with silent cerebrovascular disease.

Fei, Beini / Cheng, Yu / Liu, Ying / Zhang, Guangzheng / Ge, Anyan / Luo, Junyi / Wu, Shan / Wang, He / Ding, Jing / Wang, Xin

Stroke and vascular neurology

2024

Abstract: Background and objective: The injury of the cholinergic white matter pathway underlies cognition decline in patients with silent cerebrovascular disease (SCD) with white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of vascular origin. However, the evaluation of the ... ...

Abstract	Background and objective: The injury of the cholinergic white matter pathway underlies cognition decline in patients with silent cerebrovascular disease (SCD) with white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of vascular origin. However, the evaluation of the cholinergic white matter pathway is complex with poor consistency. We established an intelligent algorithm to evaluate WMH in the cholinergic pathway. Methods: Patients with SCD with WMH of vascular origin were enrolled. The Cholinergic Pathways Hyperintensities Scale (CHIPS) was used to measure cholinergic white matter pathway impairment. The intelligent algorithm used a deep learning model based on convolutional neural networks to achieve WMH segmentation and CHIPS scoring. The diagnostic value of the intelligent algorithm for moderate-to-severe cholinergic pathway injury was calculated. The correlation between the WMH in the cholinergic pathway and cognitive function was analysed. Results: A number of 464 patients with SCD were enrolled in internal training and test set. The algorithm was validated using data from an external cohort comprising 100 patients with SCD. The sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve of the intelligent algorithm to assess moderate and severe cholinergic white matter pathway injury were 91.7%, 87.3%, 0.903 (95% CI 0.861 to 0.952) and 86.5%, 81.3%, 0.868 (95% CI 0.819 to 0.921) for the internal test set and external validation set. for the. The general cognitive function, execution function and attention showed significant differences among the three groups of different CHIPS score (all p<0.05). Discussion: We have established the first intelligent algorithm to evaluate the cholinergic white matter pathway with good accuracy compared with the gold standard. It helps more easily assess the cognitive function in patients with SCD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2059-8696
ISSN (online)	2059-8696
DOI	10.1136/svn-2023-002976
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Article ; Online: Oral delivery of miR-146a-5p overexpression plasmid-loaded Pickering double emulsion modulates intestinal inflammation and the gut microbe.

Zhu, Jiahao / Fan, Yaotian / Yang, Songfeng / Qin, Mengran / Chen, Xingping / Luo, Junyi / Chen, Ting / Sun, Jiajie / Zhang, Yongliang / Xi, Qianyun

International journal of biological macromolecules

2024 Volume 261, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 129733

Abstract: The function of miRNAs in intestinal inflammatory injury regulation has been studied extensively. However, the targeted delivery of these functional nucleic acid molecules to specific organs through encapsulation carriers and exerting their functional ... ...

Abstract	The function of miRNAs in intestinal inflammatory injury regulation has been studied extensively. However, the targeted delivery of these functional nucleic acid molecules to specific organs through encapsulation carriers and exerting their functional effects remain critical challenges for further research. Here, we constructed miR-146a-5p overexpression plasmid and validated the anti-inflammatory properties in the cell model. Then, the plasmid was encapsulated by the Pickering double emulsion system to investigate the role of Pickering double emulsion system in LPS-induced acute intestinal inflammatory injury. The results showed that the Pickering double emulsion system could effectively protect the integrity of plasmids in the intestinal tract, alleviate intestinal inflammatory injury, and upregulate the relative abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri. Mechanically, in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that miR-146a-5p inhibits TLR4/NF-κB pathway to alleviate intestinal inflammation. In addition, miR-146a-5p can also regulate intestinal homeostasis by targeting the RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD and α-galactosidase A, thereby affecting the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri. Above all, this study reveals a potential mechanism for miR-146a-5p to treat intestinal inflammation and provides a new delivery strategy for miRNAs to regulate intestinal homeostasis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Emulsions ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/genetics ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Inflammation/genetics
Chemical Substances	Emulsions ; MicroRNAs ; NF-kappa B
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129733
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Article: The Effects of Optimal Dietary Vitamin D

Wei, Junjie / Li, Ling / Peng, Yunzhi / Luo, Junyi / Chen, Ting / Xi, Qianyun / Zhang, Yongliang / Sun, Jiajie

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2024 Volume 14, Issue 6

Abstract: This study aimed to assess the effects of different dietary vitamin ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to assess the effects of different dietary vitamin D
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani14060920
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