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Book ; Online: Alzheimers Disease and the Fornix

Oishi, Kenichi / Lyketsos, Constantine G.

2016

Abstract: This e-book focuses primarily on the role of the fornix as a functional, prognostic, and diagnostic marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the application of such a marker in clinical practice. Researchers have long been focused on the cortical ... ...

Abstract	This e-book focuses primarily on the role of the fornix as a functional, prognostic, and diagnostic marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the application of such a marker in clinical practice. Researchers have long been focused on the cortical pathology of AD, since the most important pathologic features are the senile plaques found in the cortex, and the neurofibrillary tangles and neuronal loss that start from the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus. In addition to gray matter structures, histopathological studies indicate that the white matter is also altered in AD. The fornix is a white matter bundle that constitutes a core element of the limbic circuits, and is one of the most important anatomical structures related to memory. The fornices originate from the bilateral hippocampi, merge at the midline of the brain, again divide into the left and right side, and then into the precommissural and the postcommissural fibers, and terminate at the septal nuclei, nucleus accumbens (precommissural fornix), and hypothalamus (postcommissural fornix). These functional and anatomical features of the fornix have naturally captured researchers' attention as possible diagnostic and prognostic markers of AD. Growing evidence indicates that the alterations seen in the fornix are potentially a good marker with which to predict future conversion from mild cognitive impairment to AD, and even from a cognitively normal state to AD. The degree of alteration is correlated with the degree of memory impairment, indicating the potential for the use of the fornix as a functional marker. Moreover, there have been attempts to stimulate the fornix to recover the cognitive function lost with AD. Our goal is to provide information about the status of current research and to facilitate further scientific and clinical advancement in this topic
Keywords	Science (General) ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Size	1 electronic resource (110 p.)
Publisher	Frontiers Media SA
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English ; Open Access
HBZ-ID	HT020090678
ISBN	9782889199594 ; 2889199592
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Book: Psychiatric aspects of neurologic diseases

Lyketsos, Constantine G.

practical approaches to patient care

2008

Author's details	ed. by Constantine G. Lyketsos
Keywords	Nervous System Diseases / complications ; Mental Disorders / etiology ; Mental Disorders / therapy ; Nervous system/Diseases/Complications ; Nervous system/Diseases/Patients/Care ; Psychological manifestations of general diseases ; Mental illness/Etiology ; Mental illness/Treatment
Subject code	616.80475
Language	English
Size	XIX, 435 S. : Ill.
Publisher	Oxford Univ. Press
Publishing place	Oxford u.a.
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
Note	Includes bibliographical references and index
HBZ-ID	HT015462850
ISBN	0-19-530943-X ; 978-0-19-530943-0
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Article ; Online: The glymphatic system's role in traumatic brain injury-related neurodegeneration.

Peters, Matthew E / Lyketsos, Constantine G

Molecular psychiatry

2023 Volume 28, Issue 7, Page(s) 2707–2715

Abstract: In at least some individuals who suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI), there exists a risk of future neurodegenerative illness. This review focuses on the association between the brain-based paravascular drainage pathway known as the "glymphatic system" ...

Abstract	In at least some individuals who suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI), there exists a risk of future neurodegenerative illness. This review focuses on the association between the brain-based paravascular drainage pathway known as the "glymphatic system" and TBI-related neurodegeneration. The glymphatic system is composed of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flowing into the brain parenchyma along paravascular spaces surrounding penetrating arterioles where it mixes with interstitial fluid (ISF) before being cleared along paravenous drainage pathways. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels on astrocytic end-feet appear essential for the functioning of this system. The current literature linking glymphatic system disruption and TBI-related neurodegeneration is largely based on murine models with existing human research focused on the need for biomarkers of glymphatic system function (e.g., neuroimaging modalities). Key findings from the existing literature include evidence of glymphatic system flow disruption following TBI, mechanisms of this decreased flow (i.e., AQP4 depolarization), and evidence of protein accumulation and deposition (e.g., amyloid β, tau). The same studies suggest that glymphatic dysfunction leads to subsequent neurodegeneration, cognitive decline, and/or behavioral change although replication in humans is needed. Identified emerging topics from the literature are as follows: link between TBI, sleep, and glymphatic system dysfunction; influence of glymphatic system disruption on TBI biomarkers; and development of novel treatments for glymphatic system disruption following TBI. Although a burgeoning field, more research is needed to elucidate the role of glymphatic system disruption in TBI-related neurodegeneration.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Glymphatic System/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Aquaporin 4/metabolism ; Biomarkers/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Aquaporin 4 ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1330655-8
ISSN	1476-5578 ; 1359-4184
ISSN (online)	1476-5578
ISSN	1359-4184
DOI	10.1038/s41380-023-02070-7
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Article ; Online: Complimentary Subspecialties: Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatry.

Peters, Matthew E / Roy, Durga / Lyketsos, Constantine G

Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry

2021 Volume 63, Issue 2, Page(s) 107–109

MeSH term(s)	Neuropsychiatry ; Psychiatry ; Referral and Consultation
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	2667-2960
ISSN (online)	2667-2960
DOI	10.1016/j.jaclp.2021.12.001
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Now is the time for true reform of mental health services.

Lyketsos, Constantine G

JAMA internal medicine

2015 Volume 175, Issue 1, Page(s) 65–66

MeSH term(s)	Depressive Disorder/therapy ; Female ; Home Care Services ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Care Team
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2699338-7
ISSN	2168-6114 ; 2168-6106
ISSN (online)	2168-6114
ISSN	2168-6106
DOI	10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.6086
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Article ; Online: Associations between neuropsychiatric symptoms and incident Alzheimer's dementia in men versus women.

Liampas, Ioannis / Siokas, Vasileios / Lyketsos, Constantine G / Dardiotis, Efthimios

Journal of neurology

2022 Volume 270, Issue 4, Page(s) 2069–2083

Abstract: Objective: To examine whether associations between individual neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and incident Alzheimer's dementia (AD) differ in men versus women.: Methods: Data were acquired from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To examine whether associations between individual neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and incident Alzheimer's dementia (AD) differ in men versus women. Methods: Data were acquired from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set. Two sets of older (≥ 60 years) participants were formed: one of cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals, and one of participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). NPS were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models examined associations between individual NPS and AD incidence separately for each participant set. These models featured individual NPS, sex, NPS by sex interactions as well as a number of covariates. Results: The analysis involved 9,854 CU individuals followed for 5.5 ± 3.8 years and 6,369 participants with MCI followed for 3.8 ± 3.0 years. NPS were comparably associated with future AD in men and women with MCI. Regarding CU participants, the following significant sex by NPS interactions were noted: female sex moderated the risk conferred by moderate/severe apathy (HR = 7.36, 3.25-16.64) by 74%, mitigated the risk conferred by moderate/severe depression (HR = 3.61, 2.08-6.28) by 52%, and augmented the risks conferred by mild depression (HR = 1.00, 0.60-1.68) and agitation (HR = 0.81, 0.40-1.64) by 83% and 243%, respectively. Conclusions: Apathy, depression and agitation were differentially associated with incident AD in CU men and women. No individual NPS was associated with different risks of future AD in men versus women with MCI.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Male ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Apathy ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Neuropsychological Tests
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-26
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	187050-6
ISSN	1432-1459 ; 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
ISSN (online)	1432-1459
ISSN	0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
DOI	10.1007/s00415-022-11541-w
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Article ; Online: Graphical methods for understanding changes in states: Understanding medication use pathways.

Wise, Elizabeth A / Adams, Roy J / Lyketsos, Constantine G / Leoutsakos, Jeannie-Marie

International journal of methods in psychiatric research

2022 Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) e1932

Abstract: Objectives: As epidemiological studies become longer and larger, the field needs novel graphical methods to visualize complex longitudinal data. The aim of this study was to present the Slinkyplot, a longitudinal crosstabulation, to illustrate patterns ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: As epidemiological studies become longer and larger, the field needs novel graphical methods to visualize complex longitudinal data. The aim of this study was to present the Slinkyplot, a longitudinal crosstabulation, to illustrate patterns of antidepressant use in a large prospective cohort of older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: Data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center are used to track switches between different states and types of antidepressant use. A Slinkyplot is populated with rows representing the state of medication use at each timepoint and columns representing the state at each subsequent visit. Results: The constructed Slinkyplots display the common practice of switching on and off different antidepressants over time, with citalopram, sertraline, and bupropion most commonly used followed by switching to another SSRI or SNRI as second-line treatment. Conclusions: Slinkyplots are an innovative graphical means of visualizing complex patterns of transitions between different states over time for large longitudinal studies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Citalopram/therapeutic use ; Sertraline/pharmacology ; Sertraline/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Antidepressive Agents ; Citalopram (0DHU5B8D6V) ; Sertraline (QUC7NX6WMB)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1078002-6
ISSN	1557-0657 ; 1049-8931
ISSN (online)	1557-0657
ISSN	1049-8931
DOI	10.1002/mpr.1932
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Article: Association between Motor Signs and Cognitive Performance in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the NACC Database.

Siokas, Vasileios / Liampas, Ioannis / Lyketsos, Constantine G / Dardiotis, Efthimios

Brain sciences

2022 Volume 12, Issue 10

Abstract: Aiming to examine whether specific motor signs are associated with worse performance in specific cognitive domains among cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the baseline evaluations of older, CU ... ...

Abstract	Aiming to examine whether specific motor signs are associated with worse performance in specific cognitive domains among cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the baseline evaluations of older, CU participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set. In total, 8149 CU (≥60 years) participants were included. Of these, 905 individuals scored ≥ 2 on at least one of the motor domains of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRSIII). Cognitively impaired individuals, participants with psychiatric disorders and/or under treatment with antipsychotic, anxiolytic, sedative or hypnotic agents were excluded. Nine motor signs were examined: hypophonia, masked facies, resting tremor, action/postural tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, impaired chair rise, impaired posture/gait and postural instability. Their association with performance on episodic memory, semantic memory, language, attention, processing speed or executive function was assessed using crude and adjusted linear regression models. Individuals with impaired chair rise had worse episodic memory, semantic memory, processing speed and executive function, while those with bradykinesia had worse language, processing speed and executive function. Sensitivity analyses, by excluding participants with cerebrovascular disease or PD, or other Parkinsonism, produced similar results with the exception of the relationship between bradykinesia and language performance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2651993-8
ISSN	2076-3425
ISSN	2076-3425
DOI	10.3390/brainsci12101365
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Article ; Online: Utility of amyloid PET Imaging in a Memory Clinic.

Pletnikova, Alexandra / Okhravi, Hamid R / Jamil, Nimra / Kirby, Mackenzie / Lyketsos, Constantine G / Oh, Esther S

Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

2023 Volume 37, Issue 4, Page(s) 270–273

Abstract: There is greater interest in amyloid biomarker for the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) with the recent Food and Drug Administration approval of amyloid-targeted therapy. The goal of this study was to assess the clinical utility of amyloid positron ... ...

Abstract	There is greater interest in amyloid biomarker for the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) with the recent Food and Drug Administration approval of amyloid-targeted therapy. The goal of this study was to assess the clinical utility of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) in clinically ambiguous cases of cognitive impairment by examining outcomes of patients enrolled in the Imaging Dementia-Evidence of Amyloid Scanning study at 2 academic institutions. Of the 112 patients in the study, 66.1% (n=74) of patients had a positive amyloid PET scan, and 33.96% (n=38) had a negative amyloid PET scan. Lower cognitive test scores were predictive of positive amyloid PET scan ( P =0.001). Eighty-two percent (92/112) of the patients were seen for follow-up. Of the 30 patients with negative amyloid PET scan results, 90% had a diagnosis of non-AD etiology after receiving the negative results, suggesting a negative amyloid scan can be used to rule out AD diagnosis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging ; Amyloid ; Amyloidogenic Proteins ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; Amyloid beta-Peptides
Chemical Substances	Amyloid ; Amyloidogenic Proteins ; Amyloid beta-Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1002700-2
ISSN	1546-4156 ; 0893-0341
ISSN (online)	1546-4156
ISSN	0893-0341
DOI	10.1097/WAD.0000000000000575
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Article: Generation and Characterization of a Human-Derived and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) Line from an Alzheimer's Disease Patient with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms.

Sagar, Ram / Zivko, Cristina / Xydia, Ariadni / Weisman, David C / Lyketsos, Constantine G / Mahairaki, Vasiliki

Biomedicines

2023 Volume 11, Issue 12

Abstract: Agitation is one of the most eminent characteristics of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) affecting people living with Alzheimer's and Dementia and has serious consequences for patients and caregivers. The current consensus is that agitation results, in ... ...

Abstract	Agitation is one of the most eminent characteristics of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) affecting people living with Alzheimer's and Dementia and has serious consequences for patients and caregivers. The current consensus is that agitation results, in part, from the disruption of ascending monoamine regulators of cortical circuits, especially the loss of serotonergic activity. It is believed that the first line of treatment for these conditions is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), but these are effective in only about 40% of patients. Person-specific biomarkers, for example, ones based on in vitro iPSC-derived models of serotonin activity, which predict who with Agitation responds to an SSRI, are a major clinical priority. Here, we report the generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a 74-year-old AD patient, the homozygous APOE ε4/ε4 carrier, who developed Agitation. His iPSCs were reprogrammed from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using the transient expression of pluripotency genes. These display typical iPSC characteristics that are karyotypically normal and attain the capacity to differentiate into three germ layers. The newly patient-derived iPSC line offers a unique resource to investigate the underlying mechanisms associated with neuropsychiatric symptom progression in AD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines11123313
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