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  1. Article: Unbuilding the city: Deconstruction and the circular economy in Vancouver.

    Lynch, Nicholas

    Environment & planning A

    2022  Volume 54, Issue 8, Page(s) 1586–1603

    Abstract: Globally, the construction, renovation, and demolition sectors are increasingly responsible for growing resource demand and structural waste, even given progress in energy efficient technologies, 'green' building design, and local planning regulations. ... ...

    Abstract Globally, the construction, renovation, and demolition sectors are increasingly responsible for growing resource demand and structural waste, even given progress in energy efficient technologies, 'green' building design, and local planning regulations. In response, the Circular Economy has become a popular agenda in the construction, renovation, and demolition sector as it offers a new model that not only maximizes materials reuse and recovery but also reframes urban systems and the built environment in a closed-loop (cradle-to-cradle) paradigm. In particular, popular visions of the Circular Economy promote, among other actions, 'optimizing' the end-of-the-life of buildings and their materials. Deconstruction (i.e. piece-by-piece demolition) is one key optimization strategy that has received increasing, yet limited, attention by researchers. This paper traces the development of an incipient deconstruction sector in Vancouver, focusing on the possibilities and challenges of deconstruction and material recovery practices as viable strategies for a transformative Circular Economy. I investigate two related aspects: first, the emerging policy landscape surrounding green demolition, and second, the development of 'unbuilding' practices and more formal 'Deconstruction Hubs'. Overall, the paper finds that while these developments represent fundamental steps towards a more sustainable built environment, there remain a number of significant social, political and economic limitations that must be confronted if we are to meet the growing demands for more radical sustainability and 'circularity' not only in Canadian construction, renovation, and demolition sectors, but across Canadian cities and beyond.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0308-518X
    ISSN 0308-518X
    DOI 10.1177/0308518X221116891
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Reading Room: Reading Room.

    Lynch, Nathan

    Biomedical instrumentation & technology

    2021  Volume 54, Issue 6, Page(s) 450

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1025474-2
    ISSN 0899-8205
    ISSN 0899-8205
    DOI 10.2345/0899-8205-54.6.450
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Conference proceedings: Walking Exercise Prior to Acquisition of Contrast Tenogram Radiographs Improves Radiological Identification of Digital Tendon Sheath Pathology

    Martynski, P. D. / Lynch, N.

    VCOT Open

    2023  Volume 06, Issue S 01

    Event/congress 2023 American College of Veterinary Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Symposium Scientific/Clinical Abstract Sessions, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, 2023-04-28
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01
    Publisher Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article ; Conference proceedings
    ZDB-ID 2934191-7
    ISSN 2625-2325 ; 2625-2325
    ISSN (online) 2625-2325
    ISSN 2625-2325
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1768898
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  4. Book ; Online: Symbolic Knowledge Structures and Intuitive Knowledge Structures

    Lynch, Nancy

    2022  

    Abstract: This paper proposes that two distinct types of structures are present in the brain: Symbolic Knowledge Structures (SKSs), used for formal symbolic reasoning, and Intuitive Knowledge Structures (IKSs), used for drawing informal associations. The paper ... ...

    Abstract This paper proposes that two distinct types of structures are present in the brain: Symbolic Knowledge Structures (SKSs), used for formal symbolic reasoning, and Intuitive Knowledge Structures (IKSs), used for drawing informal associations. The paper contains ideas for modeling and analyzing these structures in an algorithmic style based on Spiking Neural Networks, following the paradigm used in earlier work by Lynch, Musco, Parter, and co-workers. The paper also contains two examples of use of these structures, involving counting through a memorized sequence, and understanding simple stylized sentences. The ideas presented here are preliminary and speculative, and do not (yet) comprise a complete, coherent, algorithmic theory. I hope that posting this preliminary version will help the ideas to evolve into such a theory.

    Comment: 33 pages
    Keywords Computer Science - Distributed ; Parallel ; and Cluster Computing ; 68Q07
    Publishing date 2022-06-06
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Camera-based radiotherapy dosimetry using dual-material 3D printed scintillator arrays.

    Lynch, Nicholas / Robar, James L / Monajemi, Thalat

    Medical physics

    2023  Volume 50, Issue 3, Page(s) 1824–1842

    Abstract: Purpose and objective: To describe a methodology for the dual-material fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing of plastic scintillator arrays, to characterize their light output under irradiation using an sCMOS camera, and to establish a methodology ...

    Abstract Purpose and objective: To describe a methodology for the dual-material fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing of plastic scintillator arrays, to characterize their light output under irradiation using an sCMOS camera, and to establish a methodology for the dosimetric calibration of planar array geometries.
    Materials and methods: We have published an investigation into the fabrication and characterization of single element FDM printed scintillators intending to produce customizable dosimeters for radiation therapy applications.
    Results: Our results establish the feasibility of dual-material 3D printing for the fabrication of custom plastic scintillator arrays. Assessment of the 3D printed scintillators response across each row of the array demonstrated a nonuniform response with an average percentage deviation from the mean of 2.1% ± 2.8%. This remains consistent with our previous work on individual 3D printed scintillators which showed an average difference of 2.3% and a maximum of 4.0% between identically printed scintillators.
    MeSH term(s) Radiometry/methods ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Software ; Plastics ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Monte Carlo Method
    Chemical Substances Plastics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 188780-4
    ISSN 2473-4209 ; 0094-2405
    ISSN (online) 2473-4209
    ISSN 0094-2405
    DOI 10.1002/mp.16167
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Book ; Online: Learning Hierarchically-Structured Concepts II

    Lynch, Nancy / Mallmann-Trenn, Frederik

    Overlapping Concepts, and Networks With Feedback

    2023  

    Abstract: We continue our study from Lynch and Mallmann-Trenn (Neural Networks, 2021), of how concepts that have hierarchical structure might be represented in brain-like neural networks, how these representations might be used to recognize the concepts, and how ... ...

    Abstract We continue our study from Lynch and Mallmann-Trenn (Neural Networks, 2021), of how concepts that have hierarchical structure might be represented in brain-like neural networks, how these representations might be used to recognize the concepts, and how these representations might be learned. In Lynch and Mallmann-Trenn (Neural Networks, 2021), we considered simple tree-structured concepts and feed-forward layered networks. Here we extend the model in two ways: we allow limited overlap between children of different concepts, and we allow networks to include feedback edges. For these more general cases, we describe and analyze algorithms for recognition and algorithms for learning.
    Keywords Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing
    Publishing date 2023-04-19
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Learning hierarchically-structured concepts.

    Lynch, Nancy / Mallmann-Trenn, Frederik

    Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society

    2021  Volume 143, Page(s) 798–817

    Abstract: We use a recently developed synchronous Spiking Neural Network (SNN) model to study the problem of learning hierarchically-structured concepts. We introduce an abstract data model that describes simple hierarchical concepts. We define a feed-forward ... ...

    Abstract We use a recently developed synchronous Spiking Neural Network (SNN) model to study the problem of learning hierarchically-structured concepts. We introduce an abstract data model that describes simple hierarchical concepts. We define a feed-forward layered SNN model, with learning modeled using Oja's local learning rule, a well known biologically-plausible rule for adjusting synapse weights. We define what it means for such a network to recognize hierarchical concepts; our notion of recognition is robust, in that it tolerates a bounded amount of noise. Then, we present a learning algorithm by which a layered network may learn to recognize hierarchical concepts according to our robust definition. We analyze correctness and performance rigorously; the amount of time required to learn each concept, after learning all of the sub-concepts, is approximately O1ηkℓmaxlog(k)+1ɛ+blog(k), where k is the number of sub-concepts per concept, ℓmax is the maximum hierarchical depth, η is the learning rate, ɛ describes the amount of uncertainty allowed in robust recognition, and b describes the amount of weight decrease for "irrelevant" edges. An interesting feature of this algorithm is that it allows the network to learn sub-concepts in a highly interleaved manner. This algorithm assumes that the concepts are presented in a noise-free way; we also extend these results to accommodate noise in the learning process. Finally, we give a simple lower bound saying that, in order to recognize concepts with hierarchical depth two with noise-tolerance, a neural network should have at least two layers. The results in this paper represent first steps in the theoretical study of hierarchical concepts using SNNs. The cases studied here are basic, but they suggest many directions for extensions to more elaborate and realistic cases.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Synapses
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 740542-x
    ISSN 1879-2782 ; 0893-6080
    ISSN (online) 1879-2782
    ISSN 0893-6080
    DOI 10.1016/j.neunet.2021.07.033
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: A retrospective cohort study of reactive nasogastric tube feeding for head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: Clinical and financial implications.

    Talks, Benjamin James / Lynch, Nola / Bowe, Isobel / Kelly, Charles / Iqbal, Muhammad Shahid

    Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery

    2024  Volume 49, Issue 3, Page(s) 359–362

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Enteral Nutrition ; Retrospective Studies ; Intubation, Gastrointestinal ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Gastrostomy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2205891-6
    ISSN 1749-4486 ; 1749-4478 ; 0307-7772 ; 1365-2273
    ISSN (online) 1749-4486
    ISSN 1749-4478 ; 0307-7772 ; 1365-2273
    DOI 10.1111/coa.14149
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Improving lens irradiation in CT brain scans - a multi-CT scanner audit.

    O'Riordan, M M / Reidy, D / Nash, M / Gallagher, A / Lynch, N / O'Reilly, M K

    Irish medical journal

    2023  Volume 116, Issue 4, Page(s) 762

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Head ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-20
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 193134-9
    ISSN 0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
    ISSN 0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Opioids, sleep, analgesia and respiratory depression: Their convergence on Mu (μ)-opioid receptors in the parabrachial area.

    Lynch, Nicole / Lima, Janayna D / Spinieli, Richard L / Kaur, Satvinder

    Frontiers in neuroscience

    2023  Volume 17, Page(s) 1134842

    Abstract: Opioids provide analgesia, as well as modulate sleep and respiration, all by possibly acting on the μ-opioid receptors (MOR). MOR's are ubiquitously present throughout the brain, posing a challenge for understanding the precise anatomical substrates that ...

    Abstract Opioids provide analgesia, as well as modulate sleep and respiration, all by possibly acting on the μ-opioid receptors (MOR). MOR's are ubiquitously present throughout the brain, posing a challenge for understanding the precise anatomical substrates that mediate opioid induced respiratory depression (OIRD) that ultimately kills most users. Sleep is a major modulator not only of pain perception, but also for changing the efficacy of opioids as analgesics. Therefore, sleep disturbances are major risk factors for developing opioid overuse, withdrawal, poor treatment response for pain, and addiction relapse. Despite challenges to resolve the neural substrates of respiratory malfunctions during opioid overdose, two main areas, the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) in the medulla and the parabrachial (PB) complex have been implicated in regulating respiratory depression. More recent studies suggest that it is mediation by the PB that causes OIRD. The PB also act as a major node in the upper brain stem that not only receives input from the chemosensory areas in medulla, but also receives nociceptive information from spinal cord. We have previously shown that the PB neurons play an important role in mediating arousal from sleep in response to hypercapnia by its projections to the forebrain arousal centers, and it may also act as a major relay for the pain stimuli. However, due to heterogeneity of cells in the PB, their precise roles in regulating, sleep, analgesia, and respiratory depression, needs addressing. This review sheds light on interactions between sleep and pain, along with dissecting the elements that adversely affects respiration.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2411902-7
    ISSN 1662-453X ; 1662-4548
    ISSN (online) 1662-453X
    ISSN 1662-4548
    DOI 10.3389/fnins.2023.1134842
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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