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  1. Article ; Online: Consent to testing for brain death.

    Lyons, Barry / Donnelly, Mary

    Journal of medical ethics

    2024  

    Abstract: Canada has recently published a new Clinical Practice Guideline on the diagnosis and management of brain death. It states that consent is not necessary to carry out the interventions required to make the diagnosis. A supporting article not only sets out ... ...

    Abstract Canada has recently published a new Clinical Practice Guideline on the diagnosis and management of brain death. It states that consent is not necessary to carry out the interventions required to make the diagnosis. A supporting article not only sets out the arguments for this but also contends that 'UK laws similarly carve out an exception, excusing clinicians from a prima facie duty to get consent'. This is supplemented by the claim that recent court decisions in the UK similarly confirm that consent is not required, referencing two judgements in
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 194927-5
    ISSN 1473-4257 ; 0306-6800
    ISSN (online) 1473-4257
    ISSN 0306-6800
    DOI 10.1136/jme-2023-109425
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1163: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Courts, rights and the critically brain-injured patient.

    Lyons, Barry / Donnelly, Mary

    Journal of medical ethics

    2024  

    Abstract: The reality of current clinical practice in the UK is that where a patient's family refuses to agree to testing for brain stem death (BD), such cases will ultimately end up in court. This situation is true of both adults and children and reinforced by ... ...

    Abstract The reality of current clinical practice in the UK is that where a patient's family refuses to agree to testing for brain stem death (BD), such cases will ultimately end up in court. This situation is true of both adults and children and reinforced by recent legal cases. While recourse to the courts might be regrettable in such tragic cases, if public trust in the medical diagnosis of BD is to be maintained all aspects of the process must be conducted in a way that is transparent and open to scrutiny. This is not an 'ineffective expenditure' of resources, but an essential element of a human rights-compliant legal system.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 194927-5
    ISSN 1473-4257 ; 0306-6800
    ISSN (online) 1473-4257
    ISSN 0306-6800
    DOI 10.1136/jme-2024-109887
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Consent, Consultation, or Authorization Is Required for DNC Testing in the UK.

    Lyons, Barry / Donnelly, Mary

    The American journal of bioethics : AJOB

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 126–128

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States ; United Kingdom ; Informed Consent/ethics ; Referral and Consultation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2060433-6
    ISSN 1536-0075 ; 1526-5161
    ISSN (online) 1536-0075
    ISSN 1526-5161
    DOI 10.1080/15265161.2023.2278576
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 6814: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Puzzles of the Liminal Dead: St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust v Casey.

    Donnelly, Mary / Lyons, Barry

    Medical law review

    2024  Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 111–119

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hospitals, University ; State Medicine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1197078-9
    ISSN 1464-3790 ; 0967-0742
    ISSN (online) 1464-3790
    ISSN 0967-0742
    DOI 10.1093/medlaw/fwae001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Medical manslaughter.

    Lyons, B

    Irish medical journal

    2013  Volume 106, Issue 1, Page(s) 26–27

    Abstract: On November 29, 2011 Dr Conrad Murray was sentenced to four years in prison after being convicted of the involuntary manslaughter of Michael Jackson. Expert witness statements indicated that Murray's actions were an "extreme departure from the standard ... ...

    Abstract On November 29, 2011 Dr Conrad Murray was sentenced to four years in prison after being convicted of the involuntary manslaughter of Michael Jackson. Expert witness statements indicated that Murray's actions were an "extreme departure from the standard of care", particularly with regard to (1) inappropriately treating insomnia with a surgical anaesthetic (propofol); (2) failing to acquire sufficiently informed consent; (3) administering propofol without the necessary monitoring equipment; (4) delaying contacting the emergency services; and (5) making ineffective resuscitation efforts. Further medical evidence argued that Murray's care of Jackson contained "17 egregious violations", defined as acts that posed a foreseeable danger to the patient's life. These deficiencies, it was stated, constituted gross negligence. Such events might seem remote from daily medical practice in Ireland. However, medical errors resulting in patient death are reported to be unfortunately frequent, even if such fatalities are rarely as dramatic, or as public, as that of Michael Jackson. Medical care is not necessarily straightforward, and any treatment outcome is dependent on clinician skill, the nature of the intervention, and on the pathological condition of the patient. Regardless of these latter two factors, a poor outcome still may occur through physician omissions or the commission of errors or violations. Merry and McCall Smith distinguish between errors and violations on the following basis: (1) errors are not deliberate, and result in unintentional actions and consequences; (2) violations, on the other hand, entail a deliberate deviation from accepted rules or norms. It was alleged that much of Dr Murray's professional conduct in this case fell into the latter category.
    MeSH term(s) California ; Famous Persons ; Homicide/legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects ; Ireland ; Male ; Malpractice/legislation & jurisprudence ; Propofol/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Propofol (YI7VU623SF)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-01
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 193134-9
    ISSN 0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
    ISSN 0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Gasdermins and pyroptosis in the kidney.

    Elias, Esteban E / Lyons, Brayden / Muruve, Daniel A

    Nature reviews. Nephrology

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) 337–350

    Abstract: Pyroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is mediated by the membrane-targeting, pore-forming gasdermin family of proteins. Pyroptosis was initially described as a caspase 1- and inflammasome-dependent cell death pathway typified by the loss of ... ...

    Abstract Pyroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is mediated by the membrane-targeting, pore-forming gasdermin family of proteins. Pyroptosis was initially described as a caspase 1- and inflammasome-dependent cell death pathway typified by the loss of membrane integrity and the secretion of cytokines such as IL-1β. However, gasdermins are now recognized as the principal effectors of this form of regulated cell death; activated gasdermins insert into cell membranes, where they form pores that result in the secretion of cytokines, alarmins and damage-associated molecular patterns and cause cell membrane rupture. It is now evident that gasdermins can be activated by inflammasome- and caspase-independent mechanisms in multiple cell types and that crosstalk occurs between pyroptosis and other cell death pathways. Although they are important for host antimicrobial defence, a growing body of evidence supports the notion that pyroptosis and gasdermins have pathological roles in cancer and several non-microbial diseases involving the gut, liver and skin. The well-documented roles of inflammasome activity and apoptosis pathways in kidney diseases suggests that gasdermins and pyroptosis may also be involved to some extent. However, despite some evidence for involvement of pyroptosis in the context of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, our understanding of gasdermin biology and pyroptosis in the kidney remains limited.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pyroptosis/physiology ; Gasdermins ; Inflammasomes ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Kidney/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Gasdermins ; Inflammasomes ; Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2490366-8
    ISSN 1759-507X ; 1759-5061
    ISSN (online) 1759-507X
    ISSN 1759-5061
    DOI 10.1038/s41581-022-00662-0
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  7. Article: Disseminated Miliary and Intestinal Tuberculosis Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

    Tran, Danny / Patel, Kunaal / Ashfaq, Areeba / Lyons, Brittany

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 12, Page(s) e50002

    Abstract: The hematogenous dissemination ... ...

    Abstract The hematogenous dissemination of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.50002
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  8. Article: Cross-sectional Analysis of the Standards of Consent Applied to Anaesthesia in Ireland: Are Anaesthetists Aware of their Legal and Ethical Obligations?

    Cafferkey, A / Lyons, B

    Irish medical journal

    2018  Volume 111, Issue 1, Page(s) 668

    Abstract: Consent to a medical intervention has legally and ethically evolved to a process prioritising autonomy and patient-led decision-making. This cross-sectional analysis investigated Irish anaesthetists' practices of taking consent. Following ethical ... ...

    Abstract Consent to a medical intervention has legally and ethically evolved to a process prioritising autonomy and patient-led decision-making. This cross-sectional analysis investigated Irish anaesthetists' practices of taking consent. Following ethical approval, trainees and fellows of the College of Anaesthetists of Ireland were invited to participate in a 33 question online survey. One hundred and sixty responses (11.8%) were received, an equal number coming from consultants and trainees. The majority (93.7%) worked in a teaching hospital. Fifteen percent said their department had guidelines on obtaining consent for anaesthesia, but only 4.5% said their department used a separate consent form. Most (63.8%) do not usually document consent. A significant number rarely (21.8%) or never (27.8%) explained risks to patients. Lack of time was identified as the most frequent barrier (77.6%), with just under half first meeting the patient in the theatre holding-bay or the anaesthetic room. Forty-one percent felt the ultimate decision regarding which anaesthetic technique is employed should usually lie with the anaesthetist alone. These results suggest a wide variation in the practice of obtaining consent for anaesthesia. Less than half deemed their practice to be adequate in this regard, while 50% were concerned about litigation stemming from inadequate consent.
    MeSH term(s) Anesthesia ; Anesthetists/ethics ; Anesthetists/legislation & jurisprudence ; Anesthetists/statistics & numerical data ; Consent Forms ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Decision Making ; Humans ; Informed Consent/standards ; Ireland ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/ethics ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/legislation & jurisprudence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-10
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 193134-9
    ISSN 0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
    ISSN 0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
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  9. Article ; Online: Faith, Hope And (No) Clarity.

    Lyons, Barry

    Journal of medical ethics

    2016  Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 520–521

    MeSH term(s) Clinical Trials as Topic/ethics ; Comprehension ; Hope/ethics ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Prevalence ; Religion ; Research Subjects ; Therapeutic Misconception/ethics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 194927-5
    ISSN 1473-4257 ; 0306-6800
    ISSN (online) 1473-4257
    ISSN 0306-6800
    DOI 10.1136/medethics-2016-103807
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Right Ventricular Free Wall Rupture Due to Displaced Automatic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (AICD) Lead.

    Rao, Abhinav K / Herrforth, Craig / Patel, Angeli / Patel, Kunaal / Lyons, Brittany

    Cureus

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e53146

    Abstract: The implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) carries a risk for major complications, one of which is ventricular free wall rupture secondary to a lead perforation. This known complication, although rare, has estimated incidence ... ...

    Abstract The implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) carries a risk for major complications, one of which is ventricular free wall rupture secondary to a lead perforation. This known complication, although rare, has estimated incidence rates between 0.1% and 3%. Predictive factors of such an event include temporary leads, steroid use, active fixation leads, low body mass index (<20 kg/m
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.53146
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