LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 112

Search options

  1. Book ; Online: Central control of autonomic functions in health and disease

    Derbenev, Andrei V. / Munzberg, Heike / McDougall, Stuart J. / Zsombok, Andrea

    2015  

    Abstract: The field of autonomic neuroscience research concentrates on those neural pathways and processes that ultimately modulate parasympathetic and sympathetic output to alter peripheral organ function. In the following ebook, laboratories from across the ... ...

    Abstract The field of autonomic neuroscience research concentrates on those neural pathways and processes that ultimately modulate parasympathetic and sympathetic output to alter peripheral organ function. In the following ebook, laboratories from across the field have contributed reviews and original research to summarize current views on the role of the brain in tuning peripheral organ performance to regulate body temperature, glucose homeostasis and blood pressure
    Keywords Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; Science (General)
    Size 1 electronic resource (93 p.)
    Publisher Frontiers Media SA
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020091044
    ISBN 9782889194759 ; 2889194752
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Hepatic interoception in health and disease.

    Berthoud, Hans-Rudolf / Münzberg, Heike / Morrison, Christopher D / Neuhuber, Winfried L

    Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical

    2024  Volume 253, Page(s) 103174

    Abstract: The liver is a large organ with crucial functions in metabolism and immune defense, as well as blood homeostasis and detoxification, and it is clearly in bidirectional communication with the brain and rest of the body via both neural and humoral pathways. ...

    Abstract The liver is a large organ with crucial functions in metabolism and immune defense, as well as blood homeostasis and detoxification, and it is clearly in bidirectional communication with the brain and rest of the body via both neural and humoral pathways. A host of neural sensory mechanisms have been proposed, but in contrast to the gut-brain axis, details for both the exact site and molecular signaling steps of their peripheral transduction mechanisms are generally lacking. Similarly, knowledge about function-specific sensory and motor components of both vagal and spinal access pathways to the hepatic parenchyma is missing. Lack of progress largely owes to controversies regarding selectivity of vagal access pathways and extent of hepatocyte innervation. In contrast, there is considerable evidence for glucose sensors in the wall of the hepatic portal vein and their importance for glucose handling by the liver and the brain and the systemic response to hypoglycemia. As liver diseases are on the rise globally, and there are intriguing associations between liver diseases and mental illnesses, it will be important to further dissect and identify both neural and humoral pathways that mediate hepatocyte-specific signals to relevant brain areas. The question of whether and how sensations from the liver contribute to interoceptive self-awareness has not yet been explored.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2020105-9
    ISSN 1872-7484 ; 1566-0702
    ISSN (online) 1872-7484
    ISSN 1566-0702
    DOI 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103174
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article ; Online: Sensory spinal interoceptive pathways and energy balance regulation.

    Münzberg, Heike / Berthoud, Hans-Rudolf / Neuhuber, Winfried L

    Molecular metabolism

    2023  Volume 78, Page(s) 101817

    Abstract: Interoception plays an important role in homeostatic regulation of energy intake and metabolism. Major interoceptive pathways include gut-to-brain and adipose tissue-to brain signaling via vagal sensory nerves and hormones, such as leptin. However, ... ...

    Abstract Interoception plays an important role in homeostatic regulation of energy intake and metabolism. Major interoceptive pathways include gut-to-brain and adipose tissue-to brain signaling via vagal sensory nerves and hormones, such as leptin. However, signaling via spinal sensory neurons is rapidly emerging as an additional important signaling pathway. Here we provide an in-depth review of the known anatomy and functions of spinal sensory pathways and discuss potential mechanisms relevant for energy balance homeostasis in health and disease. Because sensory innervation by dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons goes far beyond vagally innervated viscera and includes adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and skin, it is in a position to provide much more complete metabolic information to the brain. Molecular and anatomical identification of function specific DRG neurons will be important steps in designing pharmacological and neuromodulation approaches to affect energy balance regulation in disease states such as obesity, diabetes, and cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Sensory Receptor Cells/metabolism ; Vagus Nerve/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-06
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2708735-9
    ISSN 2212-8778 ; 2212-8778
    ISSN (online) 2212-8778
    ISSN 2212-8778
    DOI 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101817
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Sympathetic Innervation of White Adipose Tissue: to Beige or Not to Beige?

    Münzberg, Heike / Floyd, Elizabeth / Chang, Ji Suk

    Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)

    2021  Volume 36, Issue 4, Page(s) 246–255

    Abstract: Obesity research progresses in understanding neuronal circuits and adipocyte biology to regulate metabolism. However, the interface of neuro-adipocyte interaction is less studied. We summarize the current knowledge of adipose tissue innervation and ... ...

    Abstract Obesity research progresses in understanding neuronal circuits and adipocyte biology to regulate metabolism. However, the interface of neuro-adipocyte interaction is less studied. We summarize the current knowledge of adipose tissue innervation and interaction with adipocytes and emphasize adipocyte transitions from white to brown adipocytes and vice versa. We further highlight emerging concepts for the differential neuronal regulation of brown/beige versus white adipocyte and the interdependence of both for metabolic regulation.
    MeSH term(s) Adipocytes, Beige ; Adipocytes, Brown ; Adipose Tissue ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Obesity ; Thermogenesis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2158667-6
    ISSN 1548-9221 ; 1548-9213
    ISSN (online) 1548-9221
    ISSN 1548-9213
    DOI 10.1152/physiol.00038.2020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: New Insights into the Regulation of Leptin Gene Expression.

    Münzberg, Heike / Heymsfield, Steven B

    Cell metabolism

    2019  Volume 29, Issue 5, Page(s) 1013–1014

    Abstract: Leptin is a key hormone in the homeostatic regulation of body weight. While past research focused mainly on overall leptin actions, a recent study by Dallner et al. (2019) takes a fresh look at the regulatory elements of the leptin gene locus, providing ... ...

    Abstract Leptin is a key hormone in the homeostatic regulation of body weight. While past research focused mainly on overall leptin actions, a recent study by Dallner et al. (2019) takes a fresh look at the regulatory elements of the leptin gene locus, providing new insights into processes that modulate leptin levels.
    MeSH term(s) Body Weight ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Leptin/genetics ; Obesity ; RNA, Long Noncoding
    Chemical Substances Leptin ; RNA, Long Noncoding
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2176834-1
    ISSN 1932-7420 ; 1550-4131
    ISSN (online) 1932-7420
    ISSN 1550-4131
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.04.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article: The obesity epidemic in the face of homeostatic body weight regulation: What went wrong and how can it be fixed?

    Berthoud, Hans-Rudolf / Morrison, Christopher D / Münzberg, Heike

    Physiology & behavior. 2020 Aug. 01, v. 222

    2020  

    Abstract: Ever since the pioneering discoveries in the mid nineteen hundreds, the hypothalamus was recognized as a crucial component of the neural system controlling appetite and energy balance. The new wave of neuron-specific research tools has confirmed this key ...

    Abstract Ever since the pioneering discoveries in the mid nineteen hundreds, the hypothalamus was recognized as a crucial component of the neural system controlling appetite and energy balance. The new wave of neuron-specific research tools has confirmed this key role of the hypothalamus and has delineated many other brain areas to be part of an expanded neural system sub serving these crucial functions. However, despite significant progress in defining this complex neural circuitry, many questions remain. One of the key questions is why the sophisticated body weight regulatory system is unable to prevent the rampant obesity epidemic we are experiencing. Why are pathologically obese body weight levels defended, and what can we do about it? Here we try to find answers to these questions by 1) reminding the reader that the neural controls of ingestive behavior have evolved in a demanding, restrictive environment and encompass much of the brain's major functions, far beyond the hypothalamus and brainstem, 2) hypothesizing that the current obesogenic environment impinges mainly on a critical pathway linking hypothalamic areas with the motivational and reward systems to produce uncompensated hyperphagia, and 3) proposing adequate strategies for prevention and treatment.
    Keywords appetite ; body weight changes ; brain stem ; energy balance ; environmental factors ; hypothalamus ; obesity ; overeating
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0801
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 3907-x
    ISSN 1873-507X ; 0031-9384
    ISSN (online) 1873-507X
    ISSN 0031-9384
    DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112959
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Modulation of Feeding and Associated Behaviors by Lateral Hypothalamic Circuits.

    Qualls-Creekmore, Emily / Münzberg, Heike

    Endocrinology

    2018  Volume 159, Issue 11, Page(s) 3631–3642

    Abstract: Our ability to modulate and observe neuronal activity in defined neurons in freely moving animals has revolutionized neuroscience research in recent years. Findings in the lateral hypothalamus (LHA) highlighted the existence of many neuronal circuits ... ...

    Abstract Our ability to modulate and observe neuronal activity in defined neurons in freely moving animals has revolutionized neuroscience research in recent years. Findings in the lateral hypothalamus (LHA) highlighted the existence of many neuronal circuits that regulate distinct phenotypes of feeding behavior, emotional valence, and locomotor activity. Several of these neuronal circuits do not fit into a common model of neuronal integration and highlight the need to improve working models for complex behaviors. This review will specifically focus on recent literature that distinguishes LHA circuits based on their molecular and anatomical characteristics and studies their role in feeding, associated behaviors (e.g., arousal and locomotion), and emotional states (e.g., emotional valences).
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anxiety ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/cytology ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/physiology ; Arousal/physiology ; Emotions/physiology ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; GABAergic Neurons/physiology ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral/cytology ; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral/physiology ; Locomotion/physiology ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Phenotype
    Chemical Substances Glutamic Acid (3KX376GY7L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 427856-2
    ISSN 1945-7170 ; 0013-7227
    ISSN (online) 1945-7170
    ISSN 0013-7227
    DOI 10.1210/en.2018-00449
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article: Testing Effects of Chronic Chemogenetic Neuronal Stimulation on Energy Balance by Indirect Calorimetry.

    Yu, Sangho / Münzberg, Heike

    Bio-protocol

    2018  Volume 8, Issue 8

    Abstract: The fundamental of neuroscience is to connect the firing of neurons to physiological and behavioral outcomes. Chemogenetics enables researchers to control the activity of a genetically defined population of ... ...

    Abstract The fundamental of neuroscience is to connect the firing of neurons to physiological and behavioral outcomes. Chemogenetics enables researchers to control the activity of a genetically defined population of neurons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2833269-6
    ISSN 2331-8325
    ISSN 2331-8325
    DOI 10.21769/BioProtoc.2811
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: The obesity epidemic in the face of homeostatic body weight regulation: What went wrong and how can it be fixed?

    Berthoud, Hans-Rudolf / Morrison, Christopher D / Münzberg, Heike

    Physiology & behavior

    2020  Volume 222, Page(s) 112959

    Abstract: Ever since the pioneering discoveries in the mid nineteen hundreds, the hypothalamus was recognized as a crucial component of the neural system controlling appetite and energy balance. The new wave of neuron-specific research tools has confirmed this key ...

    Abstract Ever since the pioneering discoveries in the mid nineteen hundreds, the hypothalamus was recognized as a crucial component of the neural system controlling appetite and energy balance. The new wave of neuron-specific research tools has confirmed this key role of the hypothalamus and has delineated many other brain areas to be part of an expanded neural system sub serving these crucial functions. However, despite significant progress in defining this complex neural circuitry, many questions remain. One of the key questions is why the sophisticated body weight regulatory system is unable to prevent the rampant obesity epidemic we are experiencing. Why are pathologically obese body weight levels defended, and what can we do about it? Here we try to find answers to these questions by 1) reminding the reader that the neural controls of ingestive behavior have evolved in a demanding, restrictive environment and encompass much of the brain's major functions, far beyond the hypothalamus and brainstem, 2) hypothesizing that the current obesogenic environment impinges mainly on a critical pathway linking hypothalamic areas with the motivational and reward systems to produce uncompensated hyperphagia, and 3) proposing adequate strategies for prevention and treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Body Weight ; Eating ; Energy Metabolism ; Epidemics ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; Obesity/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 3907-x
    ISSN 1873-507X ; 0031-9384
    ISSN (online) 1873-507X
    ISSN 0031-9384
    DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112959
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: Regulation of body weight: Lessons learned from bariatric surgery.

    Albaugh, Vance L / He, Yanlin / Münzberg, Heike / Morrison, Christopher D / Yu, Sangho / Berthoud, Hans-Rudolf

    Molecular metabolism

    2022  Volume 68, Page(s) 101517

    Abstract: Background: Bariatric or weight loss surgery is currently the most effective treatment for obesity and metabolic disease. Unlike dieting and pharmacology, its beneficial effects are sustained over decades in most patients, and mortality is among the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Bariatric or weight loss surgery is currently the most effective treatment for obesity and metabolic disease. Unlike dieting and pharmacology, its beneficial effects are sustained over decades in most patients, and mortality is among the lowest for major surgery. Because there are not nearly enough surgeons to implement bariatric surgery on a global scale, intensive research efforts have begun to identify its mechanisms of action on a molecular level in order to replace surgery with targeted behavioral or pharmacological treatments. To date, however, there is no consensus as to the critical mechanisms involved.
    Scope of review: The purpose of this non-systematic review is to evaluate the existing evidence for specific molecular and inter-organ signaling pathways that play major roles in bariatric surgery-induced weight loss and metabolic benefits, with a focus on Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), in both humans and rodents.
    Major conclusions: Gut-brain communication and its brain targets of food intake control and energy balance regulation are complex and redundant. Although the relatively young science of bariatric surgery has generated a number of hypotheses, no clear and unique mechanism has yet emerged. It seems increasingly likely that the broad physiological and behavioral effects produced by bariatric surgery do not involve a single mechanism, but rather multiple signaling pathways. Besides a need to improve and better validate surgeries in animals, advanced techniques, including inducible, tissue-specific knockout models, and the use of humanized physiological traits will be necessary. State-of-the-art genetically-guided neural identification techniques should be used to more selectively manipulate function-specific pathways.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Obesity, Morbid/metabolism ; Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects ; Obesity/metabolism ; Gastric Bypass/methods ; Weight Loss/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-26
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2708735-9
    ISSN 2212-8778 ; 2212-8778
    ISSN (online) 2212-8778
    ISSN 2212-8778
    DOI 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101517
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top