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  1. Article ; Online: Sustainable Solution to Finance Education in Developing World

    Farah Naz / Muhammad Ahmed Farooqui / M. Ishaq Bhatti

    JISR Management and Social Sciences & Economics, Vol 21, Iss

    Education Development Bank

    2023  Volume 2

    Abstract: This study aims to identify a sustainable financing solution for developing the education sector in low-income countries. The United Nations underlines education as a means to achieve sustainable development in its fourth Sustainable Development Goal. ... ...

    Abstract This study aims to identify a sustainable financing solution for developing the education sector in low-income countries. The United Nations underlines education as a means to achieve sustainable development in its fourth Sustainable Development Goal. Quality education can be crucial in bringing about global peace and prosperity by improving human capital and producing future leaders capable of efficient problem-solving and social transformation. However, imparting quality education is difficult when adequate resources and revenue are lacking. In this respect, the education sectors of most developing countries are resource-constrained, and thus, cannot achieve the fourth sustainable development goal by 2030. To address these confronting challenges, our study proposes the formation of an “Education Development Bank”, particularly in developing countries. It asserts that an independent corporation may provide sustainable financing solutions to bolster the education sector and related organizations. It analyses the data of various developing countries from 1975 to 2021. This proposal has implications for policy formulation for governments that value global peace and for United Nations guidelines.
    Keywords developing countries ; education development bank ; education finance ; education sector ; sustainable development goals ; sustainability ; Economic theory. Demography ; HB1-3840 ; Business ; HF5001-6182 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 320
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: The (O,O) Band of OD

    M Ishaq

    Proceedings of Indian National Science Academy, Vol 3, Iss

    2015  Volume 4

    Abstract: The (O,O) Band of ... ...

    Abstract The (O,O) Band of OD
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Indian National Science Academy
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: The Extension of the (O,O) Band of OD

    M Ishaq

    Proceedings of Indian National Science Academy, Vol 5, Iss

    2015  Volume 3

    Abstract: The Extension of the (O,O) Band of ... ...

    Abstract The Extension of the (O,O) Band of OD
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Indian National Science Academy
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Corporate vulnerability in the US and China during COVID-19: A machine learning approach.

    Khan, Muhammad Asif / Segovia, Juan E Trinidad / Bhatti, M Ishaq / Kabir, Asif

    Journal of economic asymmetries

    2023  Volume 27, Page(s) e00302

    Abstract: The impact of COVID-19 on stock market dynamics and other macroeconomic indicators has been extensively researched. However, the question of how it affects corporate vulnerability has received less attention. This article aims to fill this gap by ... ...

    Abstract The impact of COVID-19 on stock market dynamics and other macroeconomic indicators has been extensively researched. However, the question of how it affects corporate vulnerability has received less attention. This article aims to fill this gap by examining the implications of COVID-19 on corporate vulnerability in the United States (US) and China, using daily data from January 2020 to December 2021. The empirical results of cointegration analysis demonstrate that COVID-19 considerably worsen corporate vulnerabilities in the long-term in the US and in the short-term in China. Additionally, non-linear results demonstrate long-run asymmetries in the US and short-run asymmetries in China, confirming the accuracy of error prediction and suggesting that US corporations are more exposed to COVID-19-induced risks. The channels through which COVID-19 may affect corporate vulnerability include changes in consumer behavior and demand, disruptions in supply chains, financial stress, government policies and regulations, and changes in the competitive landscape. This study sheds light on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on corporate vulnerability in the US and China, revealing regulatory implications that may necessitate greater government involvement, managerial implications that emphasize risk management and contingency planning, and social implications that highlight the importance of prioritizing stakeholder welfare and embracing digital transformation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-10
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2571389-9
    ISSN 1703-4949
    ISSN 1703-4949
    DOI 10.1016/j.jeca.2023.e00302
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Raising capital amid economic policy uncertainty: an empirical investigation.

    Ashraf, Dawood / Khawaja, Mohsin / Bhatti, M Ishaq

    Financial innovation

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 74

    Abstract: This paper investigates how economic policy uncertainty affects firms' frequency and their choice of financial instruments to raise capital. By applying a three-step sequential framework over a sample of 6834 publicly listed US non-financial firms, we ... ...

    Abstract This paper investigates how economic policy uncertainty affects firms' frequency and their choice of financial instruments to raise capital. By applying a three-step sequential framework over a sample of 6834 publicly listed US non-financial firms, we find that during periods of high economic uncertainty, firms raise capital more frequently with a preference toward debt financing. The empirical findings suggest that firms prefer debt financing over equity financing to avoid ownership dilution and high equity premia. The rise in leverage during periods of high economic uncertainty highlights the importance of scrutinizing policy tools used to stabilize the economy during such times.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-15
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2824759-0
    ISSN 2199-4730 ; 2199-4730
    ISSN (online) 2199-4730
    ISSN 2199-4730
    DOI 10.1186/s40854-022-00379-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Analisis Efektivitas Penerapan E-Absensi Terhadap Kinerja Aparatur Sipil Negara Di Sekretariat Daerah

    Muh Yusuf Qamaruddin / M Ishaq Iskandar

    JENIUS (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia), Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 210-

    2021  Volume 219

    Abstract: Sekretariat daerah memiliki peranan penting dalam membantu melakukan perubahan dengan cara melakukan gerakan reformasi birokrasi. Pegawai Sekretariat Daerah Kota Palopo adalah mereka yang memiliki tugas dan tanggung jawab dalam memberikan pelayanan ... ...

    Abstract Sekretariat daerah memiliki peranan penting dalam membantu melakukan perubahan dengan cara melakukan gerakan reformasi birokrasi. Pegawai Sekretariat Daerah Kota Palopo adalah mereka yang memiliki tugas dan tanggung jawab dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat, membantu pemerintah daerah dalam menjalankan tugas pemerintahan serta diberi tugas pemerintahan berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat sejauh mana Pengaruh Efektivitas Penggunaan E-Absensi dan Pengawasan Kerja secara simultan Terhadap Kinerja ASN di Sekretariat Daerah Kota Palopo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa didapatkan nilai Thitung variabel E-Absensi sebesar 9.412 dan Ttabel sebesar 1,671 atau 9.412 > 1,671 dan nilai signifikan E-Absensi 0,000 < 0,05 (H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima). Sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa E-Absensi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja ASN (Y). di Sekretariat Daerah Kota Palopo.
    Keywords efektivitas ; e-absensi ; kinerja ; Economics as a science ; HB71-74
    Language Indonesian
    Publishing date 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Prodi Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Pamulang
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Graph theoretic approach to the energy-induced crisis in Pakistan

    Fazal, Rizwan / Ur Rehman, Syed Aziz / Bhatti, M. Ishaq

    Energy policy. 2022 July 16,

    2022  

    Abstract: Pakistan is an energy-deficient country and relies heavily on imported fossil fuels despite significant potential for it to instead develop renewable energy resources. This paper employs a newly developed causality determination scheme known as the Graph ...

    Abstract Pakistan is an energy-deficient country and relies heavily on imported fossil fuels despite significant potential for it to instead develop renewable energy resources. This paper employs a newly developed causality determination scheme known as the Graph Theoretic Approach (GTA), which is based on the modified Peter and Clark algorithm. In this study the energy-inflation causal nexus has been investigated using real time-series data covering the past 30 years (1990–2019) based on nine key variables of the economy, i.e., inflation rate, oil prices, interest rate, money supply, GDP, exchange rate, unit value of import, unit value of export and output shortfalls. Results show that causality runs from energy prices and interest rate to inflation, suggesting that energy prices and interest rate are positively associated with inflation. Moreover, both energy prices and monetary policy have cost-side effects on inflation; however, the latter becomes counterproductive whenever a high interest rate is used to curtail energy-push-inflation. It is concluded that, an increased dependence on imported fossil fuels causes energy-push-inflation. Therefore, policymakers need to incorporate much more renewable energy resources in the fuel mix so that heavy energy import bills can be avoided in the long-run, thereby controlling the cost-side channel of inflation.
    Keywords algorithms ; energy ; energy policy ; exports ; imports ; inflation ; monetary policy ; oils ; time series analysis ; Pakistan
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0716
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ISSN 0301-4215
    DOI 10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113174
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Natural Regeneration After Volcanic Eruptions

    Rizki M. Ishaq / Kurniatun Hairiah / Ibnu Alfian / Meine van Noordwijk

    Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Vol

    Resilience of the Non-legume Nitrogen-Fixing Tree Parasponia rigida

    2020  Volume 3

    Abstract: Volcanic eruptions disturb vegetation at a time it is needed for preventing mudflows. A resilient indigenous non-legume nitrogen-fixing tree that is adapted to the ash and spreads rapidly protects areas downstream in a volcanic landscape in Indonesia. ... ...

    Abstract Volcanic eruptions disturb vegetation at a time it is needed for preventing mudflows. A resilient indigenous non-legume nitrogen-fixing tree that is adapted to the ash and spreads rapidly protects areas downstream in a volcanic landscape in Indonesia. Within the volcanic ring of fire both the long-term benefits (including densely populated, fertile agricultural soils) and short-term ecological disturbance of volcanic ash deposition are clear. Mount Kelud in East Java has erupted on a 15–37-years cycle for the past centuries, most recently in 2014, causing damage to settlements, agricultural land, agroforestry, and watershed protection forests, as the ash deposits caused tree mortality, restricted infiltration, and led to ash flows. Rapid “restoration” or recovery of tree-based vegetation with planted Legume trees (such as Calliandra spp.) has been attempted but is not very effective. However, the non-legume nitrogen-fixing Parasponia rigida, symbiotic with rhizobium bacteria, contrasted to its non-symbiotic sibling (Trema orientalis) has been studied in laboratory conditions, but not in its native environment. We mapped and sampled P. rigida in various locations (upper, middle, and lower elevation positions in ridge-slope-valley toposequences) on the Kelud complex starting 1 year after the latest eruption, estimated biomass development, and quantified P. rigida root nodules in relation to N availability in the ash/soil mixtures in these locations. P. rigida was found as a pioneer tree at elevations between 600 and 1,700 m a.s.l. (above sea level) along ridges, in slope, and valley positions. At lower elevations T. orientalis dominated. Within 3 years of the eruption, stem diameters were 3–10 cm. Up to 93% of P. rigida root nodules were found to be effective, based on the hemoglobin color on cross-sections. Rhizobium bacteria were found in root nodule tissue at densities of two to a hundred times higher than in rhizosphere soil. Between a total soil N content from 0.01 to 0.04% the density of effective nodules decreased from 1,200 to 200 m−2. P. rigida stands in the area, especially at ridges close to the crater deserve to be managed proactively as future seed sources, given the high frequency of eruption episodes, while recovery after eruptions on similar volcanoes can likely be facilitated by tactical assisted seed dispersal if effective seed collection and storage methods can be established.
    Keywords disaster preparedness ; Indonesia ; Mount Kelud ; N2-fixation ; restoration ; rhizobium ; Forestry ; SD1-669.5 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Economic Policy Uncertainty, National Culture, and Corporate Debt Financing

    Bilal Haider Subhani / Umar Farooq / M. Ishaq Bhatti / Muhammad Asif Khan

    Sustainability, Vol 13, Iss 11179, p

    2021  Volume 11179

    Abstract: Financial innovation vis-à-vis economic policy uncertainty (EPU) without due regards being given to debt financing. This paper fills this gap and unveils the dynamic role of national culture in defining debt financing via EPU. We use a sample of 3831 non- ...

    Abstract Financial innovation vis-à-vis economic policy uncertainty (EPU) without due regards being given to debt financing. This paper fills this gap and unveils the dynamic role of national culture in defining debt financing via EPU. We use a sample of 3831 non-financial firms of Asian economies and employ the System Generalized Method of Moments to estimate the regression coefficients. Our findings reveal an inverse relationship between the EPU and debt financing, which suggests that debt finance mitigation strategies are successfully executed in the region. The potential reasons for this include the policies by businesses to reduce business activities and avoid the unfavorable rising financing cost through EPU. On the supply side, the rising EPU induces the banks to accelerate their interest rate due to increased default risk. Similarly, we observe that high uncertainty avoidance (UND) has a negative and significant link with debt financing due to an unpleasant behavior of corporate managers towards debt when they have an alternate source of financing instruments instead of accepting long-term obligations. However, we find that the UND and EPU interaction has a significantly positive impact on debt financing due to the rigid behavior of managers, which forces them to consider cultural traits and converts their risk-averse attitude into risk-friendly behavior. This implies that corporate managers should reflect the sensitivity of the national culture while considering debt financing.
    Keywords national culture ; debt financing ; economic policy uncertainty ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 339
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article: Petrology of the crustal plutonic rocks of naweoba block, zhob ophiolite, balochistan, pakistan

    Uddin, Naseer / Kakar, M.Ishaq / Farooq, Umar / Muhammad Panezai / Ghani, Mukhtiar / Ahmed, Nisar

    Earth sciences Pakistan. 2021 Apr., v. 5, no. 1

    2021  

    Abstract: Zhob Ophiolite complex is composed of three detached blocks named Omzha, Ali Khanzai and Naweoba blocks. The crustal plutonic section of the Naweoba block is mapped and divided into gabbro and granite. Based on petrographical studies, the gabbros fell in ...

    Abstract Zhob Ophiolite complex is composed of three detached blocks named Omzha, Ali Khanzai and Naweoba blocks. The crustal plutonic section of the Naweoba block is mapped and divided into gabbro and granite. Based on petrographical studies, the gabbros fell in the domain of gabbro, gabbronorite, and hornblende gabbro while granitic rocks fell in the vicinity of quartz-rich granitic rocks, granodiorite, plagiogranite and tonalite. Gabbroic rocks cover the maximum area of the crustal plutonic section and are usually medium-grained while at many places the grain size is quite large to be seen with naked eyes. Minerlogically gabbroic rocks consist of orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, amphibole and plagioclase. These rocks maybe the fragments of main crustal plutonic section of the Zhob ophiolite. The granitic rocks having mafic minerals dominted in the eastern portion, while the felsic minerals dominted ones are in the west. The eastern side of the granitic body is compact and massive compared to western portion which is quite altered and shattered. Granitic rocks are composed of plagioclase, alkali feldspar and quartz where rutile and Cr-spinel exist in trace amounts. The gabbros of Naweoba block may have formed in a magma chamber as a result of fractional crystallization. While the granites maybe a late magmatic differentiate from the same magma chamber. The close correlation of gabbroic and granitic rocks of Naweoba block with Muslim Bagh, Khanozai and Bela ophiolites suggests their formation in supra subduction zone setting.
    Keywords Muslims ; crystallization ; granite ; granodiorite ; plagioclase ; quartz ; subduction ; Pakistan
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-04
    Size p. 26-32.
    Publishing place Zibeline International
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2975541-4
    ISSN 2521-2907 ; 2521-2893
    ISSN (online) 2521-2907
    ISSN 2521-2893
    DOI 10.26480/esp.01.2021.26.32
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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