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Article ; Online: Parental Self-Compassion and Child Adjustment

Rebecca Y. M. Cheung / Zechen Li / Audrey Pui Lam Ho

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 5133, p

The Mediating Role of Parental Depressive Symptoms

2022 Volume 5133

Abstract: Previous research suggests that self-compassion is associated with mental health and well-being. However, little has been done to understand the role of self-compassion in the family context. Hence, the present study investigated the associations between ...

Abstract	Previous research suggests that self-compassion is associated with mental health and well-being. However, little has been done to understand the role of self-compassion in the family context. Hence, the present study investigated the associations between parents’ self-compassion, parent’s depressive symptoms, and child adjustment. A total 189 Chinese parents (101 mothers) whose children were 2–8 years old were recruited to complete a questionnaire, including measures of parents’ self-compassion, depressive symptoms, and children’s prosocial behavior, internalizing problems, and externalizing problems. Findings indicated mediation effects, in that parents’ depressive symptoms mediated the association between their self-compassion and child adjustment outcomes, namely children’s internalizing and externalizing problems, after controlling for the effects of monthly family income, child gender, and parent gender. Competing hypothesis suggested that parents’ self-compassion did not moderate between parents’ depressive symptoms and child adjustment outcomes. Hence, the association between parental depressive symptoms and child adjustment was not dependent on the level of parents’ self-compassion. As an implication, researchers and practitioners should be made aware of the benefits of parents’ self-compassion on parents’ mental health and child adjustment.
Keywords	self-compassion ; parental depressive symptoms ; child adjustment ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Testing Interdependent Self-Construal as a Moderator between Mindfulness, Emotion Regulation, and Psychological Health among Emerging Adults

Ming Chen / Rebecca Y. M. Cheung

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 444, p

2021 Volume 444

Abstract: This study examines the moderating role of interdependent self-construal between mindfulness, emotion regulation, and psychological health, with emotion regulation as a mediator. A total of 187 Chinese emerging adults completed self-reported measures, ... ...

Abstract	This study examines the moderating role of interdependent self-construal between mindfulness, emotion regulation, and psychological health, with emotion regulation as a mediator. A total of 187 Chinese emerging adults completed self-reported measures, including mindfulness, cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and interdependent self-construal. Our findings indicate moderation effects of interdependent self-construal between (i) mindfulness and cognitive reappraisal, (ii) cognitive reappraisal and life satisfaction, (iii) expressive suppression and life satisfaction, and (iv) expressive suppression and depressive symptoms. Based on bootstrapping and path analyses, cognitive reappraisal mediated the relation between mindfulness and psychological health, including depressive symptoms and life satisfaction, regardless of the level of interdependent self-construal. In addition, mindfulness was not related to expressive suppression, regardless of the level of interdependent self-construal. Based on these findings, researchers and practitioners should pay attention to the differential associations between mindfulness, emotion regulation strategies, and psychological outcomes as a function of interdependent self-construal during emerging adulthood.
Keywords	depressive symptoms ; emotion regulation ; interdependent self-construal ; life satisfaction ; mindfulness ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Factors associated with abstinence after a recent smoking cessation attempt across 28 European Union member states

Chung-mei M. Cheung / Constantine I. Vardavas / Filippos T. Filippidis

Tobacco Prevention and Cessation, Vol 7, Iss January, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 11

Abstract: Introduction There is a lack of information regarding factors associated with successful smoking cessation on a population and European Union (EU)-wide level. Our study seeks to explore individual and country-level factors associated with abstinence ... ...

Abstract	Introduction There is a lack of information regarding factors associated with successful smoking cessation on a population and European Union (EU)-wide level. Our study seeks to explore individual and country-level factors associated with abstinence after a recent smoking cessation attempt across the EU. Methods We obtained data from the March 2017 Special Eurobarometer 87.1 (n=27901). Regression analysis was performed on a subset of 1472 individuals who made quit attempts in the past 12 months. Sociodemographic, policy and country-level factors were assessed using logistic regression among smokers and ex-smokers who attempted to quit approximately 12 months before the survey date. We defined and examined the Cessation Ratio (ratio of number of recent quitters to those who did not succeed) across 28 EU Member States. Results In all, 14.9% (n=1018) of current smokers and 8.80% (n=454) of exsmokers attempted to quit in approximately the last 12 months (n=1472). Cessation Ratios ranged from 0.182 (95% CI: 0.045–0.319) in Estonia to 1.060 (95% CI: 0.262–1.860) in Sweden. There is a quadratic, U-shaped relationship between odds of quitting and smoking prevalence. The lowest odds of cessation were observed at a prevalence of 26.3%, with higher odds of cessation observed above and below this point. Respondents who reported financial difficulties were less likely to quit (AOR=0.66; 95% CI: 0.52–0.83). There was no association of likelihood of success with other sociodemographic factors or the Tobacco Control Scale treatment score. Conclusions These findings highlight a need for exploring reasons behind the variation in likelihood of abstinence following a recent quit attempt, in order to design policies targeted at population groups or countries that need greater support.
Keywords	european union ; socioeconomic status ; smoking cessation ; successful cessation ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	320
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	European Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Sex and age affect acute and persisting COVID-19 illness

Anna Vasilevskaya / Asma Mushtaque / Michelle Y. Tsang / Batoul Alwazan / Margaret Herridge / Angela M. Cheung / Maria Carmela Tartaglia

Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Long COVID is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations. We conducted an observational study on 97 patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and persisting cognitive complaints that presented to the University Health ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Long COVID is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations. We conducted an observational study on 97 patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and persisting cognitive complaints that presented to the University Health Network Memory Clinic between October 2020 and December 2021. We assessed the main effects of sex, age, and their interaction on COVID-19 symptoms and outcomes. We also examined the relative contribution of demographics and acute COVID-19 presentation (assessed retrospectively) on persistent neurological symptoms and cognition. Among our cohort, males had higher hospitalization rates than females during the acute COVID-19 illness (18/35 (51%) vs. 15/62 (24%); P = .009). Abnormal scores on cognitive assessments post-COVID were associated with older age (AOR = 0.84; 95% CI 0.74–0.93) and brain fog during initial illness (AOR = 8.80; 95% CI 1.76–65.13). Female sex (ARR = 1.42; 95% CI 1.09–1.87) and acute shortness of breath (ARR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.09–1.84) were associated with a higher risk of experiencing more persistent short-term memory symptoms. Female sex was the only predictor associated with persistent executive dysfunction (ARR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.12–1.76) and neurological symptoms (ARR = 1.66; 95% CI 1.19–2.36). Sex differences were evident in presentations and cognitive outcomes in patients with long COVID.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: High Entropy Alloys Mined From Binary Phase Diagrams

Jie Qi / Andrew M. Cheung / S. Joseph Poon

Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2019 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract High entropy alloys (HEA) are a new type of high-performance structural material. Their vast degrees of compositional freedom provide for extensive opportunities to design alloys with tailored properties. However, compositional complexities ... ...

Abstract	Abstract High entropy alloys (HEA) are a new type of high-performance structural material. Their vast degrees of compositional freedom provide for extensive opportunities to design alloys with tailored properties. However, compositional complexities present challenges for alloy design. Current approaches have shown limited reliability in accounting for the compositional regions of single solid solution and composite phases. For the first time, a phenomenological method analysing binary phase diagrams to predict HEA phases is presented. The hypothesis is that the HEA structural stability is encoded within the phase diagrams. Accordingly, we introduce several phase-diagram inspired parameters and employ machine learning (ML) to classify 600+ reported HEAs based on these parameters. Compared to other large database statistical prediction models, this model gives more detailed and accurate phase predictions. Both the overall HEA prediction and specifically single-phase HEA prediction rate are above 80%. To validate our method, we demonstrated its capability in predicting HEA solid solution phases with or without intermetallics in 42 randomly selected complex compositions, with a success rate of 81%. The presented search approach with high predictive capability can be exploited to interact with and complement other computation-intense methods such as CALPHAD in providing an accelerated and precise HEA design.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	669
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Clinical Experience of Intrafractional Motion Monitoring of Patients Under Head and Neck Radiation Therapy Using ExacTrac Dynamic System

Vivian U.Y. Chow, MSc / Michael L.M. Cheung, PhD / Monica W.K. Kan, PhD / Anthony T.C. Chan, MD, FRCP

Advances in Radiation Oncology, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp 101390- (2024)

2024

Abstract: Purpose: The combination of surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) and image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) can provide complementary information of patient positioning throughout treatments. The ExacTrac Dynamic (EXTD) system is a combined SGRT and ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The combination of surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) and image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) can provide complementary information of patient positioning throughout treatments. The ExacTrac Dynamic (EXTD) system is a combined SGRT and IGRT system that can provide real-time motion detection via optical surface and thermal tracking during treatment delivery, with stereoscopic x-ray for positional verification. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of EXTD for intrafractional motion monitoring using real clinical cases. Methods and Materials: Treatment log files exported from EXTD for 40 patients with 335 fractions were retrospectively analyzed. Frequency of beam-hold triggered during treatments were recorded, with the comparison of shifts detected by optical surface tracking (EXTD_Thml) and x-ray verification (EXTD_Xray). Results: Among the 335 fractions, automatic beam-holds were triggered 41 times, followed by x-ray positional verification with internal anatomy. The difference of shifts detected by EXTD_Thml and EXTD_Xray were less than 1 mm and 1° in translational and rotational directions, respectively. After x-ray verification, none of them required the application of positional correction. Conclusions: The availability of x-ray imaging with optical surface tracking in EXTD is essential to verify whether geometric shifts are required to correct patient position. Considering the ability of continuous monitoring of patient positions with optical surface tracking and internal imaging, EXTD is an effective tool for intrafractional motion monitoring during radiation therapy.
Keywords	Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920 ; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282
Subject code	535
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Dispositional mindfulness and mental health in Chinese emerging adults

Rebecca Y M Cheung / Zijun Ke / Melody C Y Ng

PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 11, p e

A multilevel model with emotion dysregulation as a mediator.

2020 Volume 0239575

Abstract: Using a multilevel model, this study examined emotion dysregulation as a mediator between dispositional mindfulness and mental health among Chinese emerging adults. Participants were 191 Chinese emerging adults (female = 172) between 18 and 27 years old ( ...

Abstract	Using a multilevel model, this study examined emotion dysregulation as a mediator between dispositional mindfulness and mental health among Chinese emerging adults. Participants were 191 Chinese emerging adults (female = 172) between 18 and 27 years old (M = 21.06 years, SD = 2.01 years), who completed a questionnaire that assessed their dispositional mindfulness, emotion dysregulation, and mental health outcomes for three times over 12 months, with a three-month lag between each time point. Within-person analysis revealed that emotion dysregulation mediated between dispositional mindfulness and mental health outcomes, including subjective well-being and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Time was positively associated with emotion dysregulation and negatively associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Between-person analysis revealed that emotion dysregulation negatively mediated between dispositional mindfulness and symptoms of depression and anxiety, but not subjective well-being. These findings call attention to within-person versus between-person effects of emotion dysregulation as a mediator between dispositional mindfulness and psychological outcomes, particularly of symptoms of depression and anxiety. Attesting to the relations established in western societies, the relations are also applicable to emerging adults in the Chinese context. Evidence was thus advanced to inform translational research efforts that promote mindfulness and emotion regulation as assets of mental health.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Longitudinal touchscreen use across early development is associated with faster exogenous and reduced endogenous attention control

Ana Maria Portugal / Rachael Bedford / Celeste H. M. Cheung / Luke Mason / Tim J. Smith

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 12

Abstract: Abstract Childhood screen time is associated with both attentional difficulties (for television viewing) and benefits (in action video gamers), but few studies have investigated today’s pervasive touchscreen devices (e.g. smartphones and tablets), which ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Childhood screen time is associated with both attentional difficulties (for television viewing) and benefits (in action video gamers), but few studies have investigated today’s pervasive touchscreen devices (e.g. smartphones and tablets), which combine salient features, interactive content, and accessibility from toddlerhood (a peak period of cognitive development). We tested exogenous and endogenous attention, following forty children who were stable high (HU) or low (LU) touchscreen users from toddlerhood to pre-school. HUs were slower to disengage attention, relative to their faster baseline orienting ability. In an infant anti-saccade task, HUs displayed more of a corrective strategy of orienting faster to distractors before anticipating the target. Results suggest that long-term high exposure to touchscreen devices is associated with faster exogenous attention and concomitant decreases in endogenous attention control. Future work is required to demonstrate causality, dissociate variants of use, and investigate how attention behaviours found in screen-based contexts translate to real-world settings.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Neocortical substrates of feelings evoked with music in the ACC, insula, and somatosensory cortex

Stefan Koelsch / Vincent K. M. Cheung / Sebastian Jentschke / John-Dylan Haynes

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Neurobiological models of emotion focus traditionally on limbic/paralimbic regions as neural substrates of emotion generation, and insular cortex (in conjunction with isocortical anterior cingulate cortex, ACC) as the neural substrate of ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Neurobiological models of emotion focus traditionally on limbic/paralimbic regions as neural substrates of emotion generation, and insular cortex (in conjunction with isocortical anterior cingulate cortex, ACC) as the neural substrate of feelings. An emerging view, however, highlights the importance of isocortical regions beyond insula and ACC for the subjective feeling of emotions. We used music to evoke feelings of joy and fear, and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) to decode representations of feeling states in functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) data of n = 24 participants. Most of the brain regions providing information about feeling representations were neocortical regions. These included, in addition to granular insula and cingulate cortex, primary and secondary somatosensory cortex, premotor cortex, frontal operculum, and auditory cortex. The multivoxel activity patterns corresponding to feeling representations emerged within a few seconds, gained in strength with increasing stimulus duration, and replicated results of a hypothesis-generating decoding analysis from an independent experiment. Our results indicate that several neocortical regions (including insula, cingulate, somatosensory and premotor cortices) are important for the generation and modulation of feeling states. We propose that secondary somatosensory cortex, which covers the parietal operculum and encroaches on the posterior insula, is of particular importance for the encoding of emotion percepts, i.e., preverbal representations of subjective feeling.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of hypoxia and non-lethal shell damage on shell mechanical and geochemical properties of a calcifying polychaete

J. Y. S. Leung / N. K. M. Cheung

Biogeosciences, Vol 15, Pp 3267-

2018 Volume 3276

Abstract: Calcification is a vital biomineralization process where calcifying organisms construct their calcareous shells for protection. While this process is expected to deteriorate under hypoxia, which reduces the metabolic energy yielded by aerobic respiration, ...

Abstract	Calcification is a vital biomineralization process where calcifying organisms construct their calcareous shells for protection. While this process is expected to deteriorate under hypoxia, which reduces the metabolic energy yielded by aerobic respiration, some calcifying organisms were shown to maintain normal shell growth. The underlying mechanism remains largely unknown, but may be related to changing shell mineralogical properties, whereby shell growth is sustained at the expense of shell quality. Thus, we examined whether such plastic response is exhibited to alleviate the impact of hypoxia on calcification by assessing the shell growth and shell properties of a calcifying polychaete in two contexts (life-threatening and unthreatened conditions). Although hypoxia substantially reduced respiration rate (i.e., less metabolic energy produced), shell growth was only slightly hindered without weakening mechanical strength under unthreatened conditions. Unexpectedly, hypoxia did not undermine defence response (i.e., enhanced shell growth and mechanical strength) under life-threatening conditions, which may be attributed to the changes in mineralogical properties (e.g., increased calcite / aragonite) to reduce the energy demand for calcification. While more soluble shells (e.g., increased Mg ∕ Ca in calcite) were produced under hypoxia as the trade-off, our findings suggest that mineralogical plasticity could be fundamental for calcifying organisms to maintain calcification under metabolic stress conditions.
Keywords	Ecology ; QH540-549.5 ; Life ; QH501-531 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
Subject code	612
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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