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  1. Article ; Online: Eradication of invasive pneumococcal disease due to the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes in Calgary, Alberta.

    Leal, Jenine / Vanderkooi, Otto G / Church, Deirdre L / Macdonald, Judy / Tyrrell, Gregory J / Kellner, James D

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2012  Volume 31, Issue 9, Page(s) e169–75

    Abstract: Background: The seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was licensed in Canada in 2001. Routine infant vaccination programs in Alberta began in 2002. Several years after PCV7 introduction, the routine use of PCV7 in infants and high-risk ... ...

    Abstract Background: The seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was licensed in Canada in 2001. Routine infant vaccination programs in Alberta began in 2002. Several years after PCV7 introduction, the routine use of PCV7 in infants and high-risk children has led to near elimination of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by vaccine serotypes.
    Methods: Prospective, population-based surveillance of all IPD cases was conducted from January 1998 to December 2010. Demographic, clinical and microbiologic data were collected.
    Results: There were 1462 IPD cases over 13 years. Comparing PCV7 serotype IPD incidence in the prevaccine period (1998-2001) to the late postvaccine period (2007-2010), there were declines in children 0-5 months (100%), 6-23 months (98%), 2-4 years (97%), 5-15 years (100%) as well as in adults 16-64 years (73%), 65-84 years (90%) and ≥85 years of age (100%). From 2008 to 2010, there were no cases of PCV7 serotype IPD in children under 2 years of age. There have been increases in non-PCV7 serotype IPD; notably, serotypes 5 and 19A have increased significantly in adults and 19A in children.
    Conclusions: PCV7 serotype IPD has been eliminated in vaccine-eligible young children and nearly eliminated in all other age groups. Serotype 19A increased significantly at all ages before the introduction of an expanded valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alberta/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Eradication ; Female ; Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Pneumococcal Infections/microbiology ; Pneumococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Pneumococcal Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Prospective Studies ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/classification ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification
    Chemical Substances Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ; Pneumococcal Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182624a40
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1852: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article: Effects of routine infant vaccination with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal colonization with streptococcus pneumoniae in children in Calgary, Canada.

    Kellner, James D / Scheifele, David / Vanderkooi, Otto G / Macdonald, Judy / Church, Deirdre L / Tyrrell, Gregory J

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2008  Volume 27, Issue 6, Page(s) 526–532

    Abstract: Background: All Streptococcus pneumoniae disease is preceded by nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization. We studied the impact of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on colonization in healthy children.: Methods: Routine PCV7 vaccination began in ...

    Abstract Background: All Streptococcus pneumoniae disease is preceded by nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization. We studied the impact of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on colonization in healthy children.
    Methods: Routine PCV7 vaccination began in Alberta in 2002. Six point prevalence surveys were conducted from 2003 to 2005, in 7 community health centers in Calgary where children had their routine vaccinations. A questionnaire was administered and a single NP swab was obtained for culture. Serotyping was performed on all S. pneumoniae isolates.
    Results: There were 3398 children with complete data, 1307, 1225, and 866 in 12-month, 18-month, and 4-6 year groups, respectively. None had received PCV7 in survey 1. From survey 2 onwards, 92-98% of 12-month-olds had 3 or more doses of PCV7, and from survey 3 onwards, 95-99% of 18-month-olds had 3 or more doses. By survey 6, only 4% of 4-6 year olds had 3 or more doses. The overall S. pneumoniae colonization rate was 20%. In all age groups, including unvaccinated 4-6 year olds, there were significant declines in PCV7 serotypes, and increases in non-PCV7 serotypes. The largest increases were serotypes 6A, 15C, and 11A. Multivariate analysis found that factors including age, siblings, daycare attendance, episodes of otitis media, and antibiotic use affected S. pneumoniae colonization but only PCV7 vaccination was associated with decreased PCV7 serotype colonization and increased non-PCV7 colonization.
    Conclusions: Routine PCV7 vaccination has led to significant changes in the predominant S. pneumoniae serotypes found in NP colonization in both vaccinated and unvaccinated children, indicating both a direct and herd effect.
    MeSH term(s) Canada/epidemiology ; Carrier State/epidemiology ; Carrier State/microbiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Community Health Centers ; Female ; Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Meningococcal Vaccines/immunology ; Pharynx/microbiology ; Pneumococcal Vaccines/immunology ; Prevalence ; Serotyping ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/classification ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Chemical Substances Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ; Meningococcal Vaccines ; Pneumococcal Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181658c5c
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1852: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article: Prevalence of USA300 colonization or infection and associated variables during an outbreak of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a marginalized urban population.

    Gilbert, Mark / Macdonald, Judy / Louie, Marie / Gregson, Dan / Zhang, Kunyan / Elsayed, Sameer / Laupland, Kevin / Nielsen, Diane / Wheeler, Virginia / Lye, Tara / Conly, John

    The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale

    2008  Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) 357–362

    Abstract: Background: In 2004, an outbreak of the USA300 strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was identified in persons with histories of homelessness, illicit drug use or incarceration in the Calgary Health Region (Calgary, Alberta). A ... ...

    Abstract Background: In 2004, an outbreak of the USA300 strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was identified in persons with histories of homelessness, illicit drug use or incarceration in the Calgary Health Region (Calgary, Alberta). A prevalence study was conducted to test the hypotheses for factors associated with USA300 colonization or infection.
    Methods: Participants were recruited at sites accessed by this marginalized population. Health care staff administered a questionnaire and collected crack pipes and nasal, axillary and skin infection swabs. Pipes and swabs were cultured according to standard techniques. MRSA isolates were further characterized by polymerase chain reaction (mecA, Panton-Valentine leukocidin and Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec) and typing methods (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, staphylococcal protein A typing and multilocus sequence typing). Colonization or infection was determined by having any one of nasal, axillary, skin infection or pipe swabs positive for USA300. Colonized participants had one or more nasal, axillary or pipe swab positive for USA300; infected participants had one or more skin infection swab positive for USA300.
    Results: The prevalence of USA300 colonization or infection among 271 participants was 5.5% (range 3.1% to 9.0%). USA300 cases were more likely to report manipulation of skin infections (OR 9.55; 95% CI 2.74 to 33.26); use of crack pipes was not significant despite identification of the USA300 strain on two of four crack pipes tested. USA300 cases were more likely to report drug use between sex trade workers and clients (OR 5.86; 95% CI 1.63 to 21.00), and with casual sex partners (OR 5.40; 95% CI 1.64 to 17.78).
    Conclusion: Ongoing efforts to promote the appropriate treatment of skin infections in this population are warranted. The association of USA300 colonization or infection and drug use with sexual partners suggest a role for sexual transmission of the USA300 strain of MRSA.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-10-23
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1057056-1
    ISSN 1712-9532 ; 1180-2332
    ISSN 1712-9532 ; 1180-2332
    DOI 10.1155/2007/597123
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3099: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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