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  1. Article: Sexual health clinic attendees' views on antibiotic post-exposure prophylaxis and vaccinations for sexually transmitted infections prevention: A qualitative study.

    King, Alicia J / Bilardi, Jade E / Maddaford, Kate / Fairley, Christopher K / Chow, Eric P F / Phillips, Tiffany R

    Preventive medicine reports

    2024  Volume 38, Page(s) 102628

    Abstract: Background: The rising prevalence of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is cause for concern in the context of antimicrobial resistance and the potential health outcomes of untreated infections.: Objective: The Community Awareness and ... ...

    Abstract Background: The rising prevalence of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is cause for concern in the context of antimicrobial resistance and the potential health outcomes of untreated infections.
    Objective: The Community Awareness and Surveillance of Transmission (CAST) study sought sexual health service users' views on reducing the prevalence of STIs.
    Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with sexual health clinic attendees who had received a diagnosis of chlamydia, gonorrhea or syphilis in the previous six months. Participant comments relating to antibiotic post-exposure prophylaxis (APEP) and vaccination were inductively coded, then compared using comparative qualitative data analysis methods described by Miles and Huberman.
    Findings: Twenty-one participants with differing genders, ages, nationalities and sexual orientations, were interviewed. Participants across informant groups expressed concerns about APEP for STI prevention because of potential antimicrobial resistance and personal health impacts. Vaccination against bacterial STIs was more acceptable. Common factors mentioned in relation to both interventions included perception of individual STI risk over time, safety, effectiveness and accessibility.
    Conclusions: The views of sexual health service users support efforts to find alternatives to more frequent use of antibiotics, such as vaccinations against bacterial STIs, to reduce STI incidence and support antimicrobial stewardship.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2785569-7
    ISSN 2211-3355
    ISSN 2211-3355
    DOI 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102628
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Understanding the duration of tongue kissing among female sex workers for potential oropharyngeal-oropharyngeal gonorrhoea transmission.

    Chow, Eric P F / Lew, Chen / Tran, Julien / Phillips, Tiffany R / Maddaford, Kate / Fairley, Christopher K

    Sexually transmitted infections

    2022  Volume 99, Issue 1, Page(s) 75–76

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Male ; Gonorrhea/diagnosis ; Sex Workers ; Sexual Behavior ; Homosexuality, Male ; Tongue
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1420303-0
    ISSN 1472-3263 ; 1368-4973
    ISSN (online) 1472-3263
    ISSN 1368-4973
    DOI 10.1136/sextrans-2022-055444
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Australian Sexual Health Service Users' Perspectives on Reducing the Oral Transmission of Bacterial STIs: A Qualitative Study.

    King, Alicia J / Bilardi, Jade E / Fairley, Christopher K / Maddaford, Kate / Chow, Eric P F / Phillips, Tiffany R

    Journal of sex research

    2023  , Page(s) 1–12

    Abstract: Growing rates of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) demand new approaches to STI prevention. Sexual practices involving saliva or direct contact with the mouth increase the risk of STI transmission, but community awareness remains largely ... ...

    Abstract Growing rates of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) demand new approaches to STI prevention. Sexual practices involving saliva or direct contact with the mouth increase the risk of STI transmission, but community awareness remains largely unexplored in the literature. The
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 220889-1
    ISSN 1559-8519 ; 0022-4499
    ISSN (online) 1559-8519
    ISSN 0022-4499
    DOI 10.1080/00224499.2023.2278528
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: High-Risk Sexual Activities and Condom Use Patterns During Group Sex Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Melbourne, Australia.

    Lew, Chen / Fairley, Christopher K / Tran, Julien / Phillips, Tiffany R / Maddaford, Kate / Chen, Marcus Y / Bradshaw, Catriona S / Chow, Eric P F

    Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

    2023  Volume 93, Issue 5, Page(s) 356–363

    Abstract: Background: Few studies have examined the types of sexual activities and condom use during group sex among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to examine sexual activities and condom use during group sex.: Setting: A cross-sectional ... ...

    Abstract Background: Few studies have examined the types of sexual activities and condom use during group sex among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to examine sexual activities and condom use during group sex.
    Setting: A cross-sectional survey among MSM attending a sexual health clinic in Melbourne, Australia, between May 2019 and March 2020.
    Method: Participants were asked whether they had engaged in group sex (sex involving more than 2 participants) within the past 3 months, the number of people involved, the sexual activities they engaged in, and their condom use during the most recent group sex.
    Results: More than a quarter (26.8%, 287 of 1071) had engaged in group sex in the past 3 months, and the median number of people involved was 3 (interquartile range 3-4), including the participant. Fellatio was the most common activity in group sex (94.4%, 271 of 287), followed by kissing (85.7%, 246 of 287) and anal sex (79.8%, 229 of 287). The proportion of men who always used condoms and changed condoms between partners was 27.0% (48 of 178) for insertive and 32.3% (52 of 161) for receptive anal sex. Compared with men not taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), men living with HIV (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20 to 4.59) and men taking PrEP (aOR: 3.07; 95% CI: 2.21 to 4.26) had higher odds of engaging in group sex after adjusting for confounders.
    Conclusion: Two-thirds of MSM either did not use condoms or did not change condoms between partners during group sex, which may increase sexually transmitted infection transmission between partners.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Homosexuality, Male ; Condoms ; Sexual Partners ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Sexual Behavior ; Australia/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 645053-2
    ISSN 1944-7884 ; 1077-9450 ; 0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
    ISSN (online) 1944-7884 ; 1077-9450
    ISSN 0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
    DOI 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003211
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Newly arrived Asian-born gay men in Australia: exploring men's HIV knowledge, attitudes, prevention strategies and facilitators toward safer sexual practices.

    Phillips, Tiffany R / Medland, Nicholas / Chow, Eric P F / Maddaford, Kate / Wigan, Rebecca / Fairley, Christopher K / Bilardi, Jade E / Ong, Jason J

    BMC infectious diseases

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 209

    Abstract: Background: Asian-born gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) newly arrived in Australia are more than four times as likely than their Australian-born counterparts to be diagnosed with incident HIV. Our aim was to explore experiences ... ...

    Abstract Background: Asian-born gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) newly arrived in Australia are more than four times as likely than their Australian-born counterparts to be diagnosed with incident HIV. Our aim was to explore experiences of Asian-born gbMSM newly arrived in Australia and attending a sexual health centre with regards to their knowledge of and preference for HIV prevention strategies.
    Results: Twenty-four gbMSM aged 20-30 years attending Melbourne Sexual Health Centre who were born in Asia and arrived in Australia in the preceding four years, participated in semi-structured face-to-face interviews from 8th May 2019 and 23rd December 2019. Men were excluded if they were living with HIV. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Men reported little knowledge of HIV prevention strategies outside of condom use prior to coming to Australia. Although participants reported basic knowledge of HIV transmission and treatment, exposure to sexual identity and HIV-related stigma in their countries of birth meant they imagined a HIV diagnosis would be devastating. Most relied on condoms to stay HIV negative however their consistency of use varied. Seven men were on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP); all but one started PrEP after coming to Australia. Many indicated interest in PrEP but described it as too expensive given they do not have access to government-subsidized healthcare. Sexual health counselling and connections with LGBTQI community groups appeared to facilitate PrEP and consistent condom use.
    Conclusions: Asian-born gbMSM newly-arrived to Australia may have limited knowledge of HIV prevention strategies aside from condom use. Increased connections with sexual health services and LGBTQI communities may facilitate more effective HIV prevention strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Australia ; Bisexuality ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-022-07174-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Adherence to weekly anal self-examination among men who have sex with men for detection of anal syphilis.

    Aung, Ei T / Fairley, Christopher K / Ong, Jason J / Phillips, Tiffany P / Tran, Julien / Chen, Marcus Y / Maddaford, Kate / Chow, Eric P F

    Frontiers in medicine

    2022  Volume 9, Page(s) 941041

    Abstract: Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) practicing exclusively receptive anal sex are more likely to present with secondary than primary syphilis, implying primary anorectal lesions may be missed. If men could detect anorectal lesions by regular ... ...

    Abstract Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) practicing exclusively receptive anal sex are more likely to present with secondary than primary syphilis, implying primary anorectal lesions may be missed. If men could detect anorectal lesions by regular anal self-examination, the duration of infectiousness could be reduced. This study aimed to examine adherence to weekly anal self-examination.
    Method: We conducted a longitudinal feasibility study examining the adherence to weekly anal self-examinations among MSM attending a sexual health clinic in Melbourne, Australia between December 2020 and June 2021. Adherence to weekly anal self-examinations over 12 weeks was assessed from a logbook and 4-weekly surveys. Participants who identified abnormalities in their anus were recommended to seek medical review.
    Results: Of the 30 men who completed the study, anal self-examination was performed at least weekly for 308 of 360 person-weeks (86% of the weeks, 95% CI: 82-89). The mean adherence was 3.6 (95% CI: 3.3-3.9) examinations per 4-weeks per person in Weeks 1-4, 3.5 (95% CI: 3.1-3.8) in Weeks 5-8 and 3.3 (95% CI: 2.9-3.7) in Weeks 9-12 (
    Conclusion: We conclude that men adhered well to weekly anal self-examination. Therefore, it is feasible to trial this as a routine practice among MSM. Future studies should investigate possible reductions in adherence over time and ways to increase medical review for abnormalities that men find.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2022.941041
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: A cross-sectional study of male and female kissing partners among men who have sex with men.

    Chow, Eric P F / Phillips, Tiffany R / Tran, Julien / Aung, Ei T / Maddaford, Kate / Fairley, Christopher K

    Sexual health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 27–32

    Abstract: Background: Kissing may be a risk factor for gonorrhoea. Past studies have focused on male kissing partners among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to examine the kissing practices of MSM who kiss male and female partners.: Methods: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Kissing may be a risk factor for gonorrhoea. Past studies have focused on male kissing partners among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to examine the kissing practices of MSM who kiss male and female partners.
    Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) between March and April 2019. Men attending the MSHC, aged ≥16years who reported any sexual contact with another man in the previous 12months were invited to participate in the survey. Data about the number of kissing-only (kissing without sex), kissing-with-sex, and sex-only (having sex without kissing) partners in the previous 3months were collected. Men were asked to report the number of male and female partners separately.
    Results: There were 357 MSM included in the survey. Most men (97.2%, n =347) had kissed or had sex with another man, whereas 16.0% (n =57) had kissed or had sex with a female partner in the previous 3months. Of the 57 men, 26.3% (n =15) had only kissed a female partner without having sex. The mean number of male partners for kissing-only was 5.5 (s.d.=6.6), kissing-with-sex was 5.0 (s.d.=6.6) and sex-only was 3.9 (s.d.=4.3). The mean number of female partners for kissing-only was 4.2 (s.d.=6.9), kissing-with-sex was 3.8 (s.d.=4.9) and sex-only was 3.2 (s.d.=3.4).
    Conclusion: MSM not only kiss men in the absence of sex, but also kiss women in the absence of sex. Gonorrhoea could be transmitted between MSM and women via kissing in the absence of sex.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Gonorrhea ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual Partners ; Sexual and Gender Minorities
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-03
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2256731-8
    ISSN 1449-8987 ; 1448-5028
    ISSN (online) 1449-8987
    ISSN 1448-5028
    DOI 10.1071/SH21184
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Factors associated with group sex in heterosexual males and females attending a sexual health clinic in Melbourne, Australia: a cross-sectional survey.

    Constantinou, Heidi / Fairley, Christopher K / Bradshaw, Catriona S / Choi, Edmond P H / Maddaford, Kate / Phillips, Tiffany R / Chow, Eric P F

    Sexual health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–45

    Abstract: Background: There have been limited studies of group sex among heterosexual individuals. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with group sex among heterosexual males and females to improve risk assessment guidelines and inform sexually ... ...

    Abstract Background: There have been limited studies of group sex among heterosexual individuals. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with group sex among heterosexual males and females to improve risk assessment guidelines and inform sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening requirements.
    Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among heterosexual males and females aged ≥16 years attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between March and April 2019. The survey asked about group sex participation, methods used to meet sexual partners, number of casual and/or regular partners, and injection drug use (IDU) in the previous 3 months. HIV and STI (chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis) diagnoses were extracted. A multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the factors associated with group sex participation.
    Results: A total of 698 participants (325 males, 373 females) were included and 4.7% (33/698) had participated in group sex in the previous 3 months. The proportion who participated in group sex increased with age (2.1% in 16-24 years, 5.5% in 25-34 years, 7.8% in ≥35 years, p trend =0.010). Meeting partners at sex venues (e.g. brothels) was associated with the highest odds of participating in group sex (aOR=5.74, 95% CI: 1.20-27.44), followed by dating apps (aOR=2.99, 95% CI: 1.36-6.58), friends/family (aOR=2.99, 95% CI: 1.34-6.69) and social venues (e.g. bar) (aOR=2.73, 95% CI: 1.18-6.30). Group sex was strongly associated with STI positivity (aOR=6.24, 95% CI: 2.41-16.13). There was no association between group sex and sex, casual and/or regular partners, HIV positivity or IDU.
    Conclusion: Heterosexual individuals participating in group sex had a six-fold risk of testing positive for STIs. Including group sex in a sexual history is useful to determine STI risk and inform testing practices. Safe sex messages on group sex that are delivered through multiple methods (e.g. at sex venues, social venues and dating apps simultaneously) would be beneficial.
    MeSH term(s) Australia/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Heterosexuality ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual Health ; Sexual Partners ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-15
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2256731-8
    ISSN 1449-8987 ; 1448-5028
    ISSN (online) 1449-8987
    ISSN 1448-5028
    DOI 10.1071/SH21224
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Sampling time for self-taking an oropharyngeal swab for gonorrhoea and chlamydia testing.

    Chow, Eric P F / Fairley, Christopher K / Maddaford, Kate / Schmidt, Tina / Buchanan, Andrew / Tieosapjaroen, Warittha / Tataro, Gerald / Phillips, Tiffany R

    Sexual health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 148–150

    Abstract: Self-taking oropharyngeal swabs for sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhoea and chlamydia has become more common during the COVID-19 pandemic to minimise the risk to healthcare workers. However, there have been no standardised guidelines on ... ...

    Abstract Self-taking oropharyngeal swabs for sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhoea and chlamydia has become more common during the COVID-19 pandemic to minimise the risk to healthcare workers. However, there have been no standardised guidelines on sampling time for taking an oropharyngeal swab for gonorrhoea and chlamydia testing. We recruited 215 participants at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Australia, between November 2021 and January 2022. We asked participants to report the time they spent on self-taking the oropharyngeal swab. The median self-taking sampling time was 8s (IQR=5-12), and the time did not differ between oropharyngeal gonorrhoea positivity (P =0.570) and oropharyngeal chlamydia positivity (P =0.457).
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Gonorrhea/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Homosexuality, Male ; COVID-19 ; Specimen Handling ; Chlamydia Infections/epidemiology ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-28
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2256731-8
    ISSN 1449-8987 ; 1448-5028
    ISSN (online) 1449-8987
    ISSN 1448-5028
    DOI 10.1071/SH22034
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: How is cervical cancer screening discussed with clients at a sexual health clinic in Melbourne, Australia?

    Abraham, Esha / Fairley, Christopher K / Williams, Henrietta / Morton, Anna / Henzell, Helen / Maddaford, Kate / Wigan, Rebecca / Chow, Eric P F / Phillips, Tiffany R

    Sexual health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) 486–487

    Abstract: We conducted a survey among 40 clinicians working at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre in November 2021. We asked clinicians how they discussed cervical screening with their clients. All clinicians used the term 'Cervical Screening Test (CST)' when ... ...

    Abstract We conducted a survey among 40 clinicians working at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre in November 2021. We asked clinicians how they discussed cervical screening with their clients. All clinicians used the term 'Cervical Screening Test (CST)' when discussing cervical cancer screening with clients. However, 19 clinicians (48%) also used the term 'Pap smear', particularly among older women as they were more familiar with Pap smear than CST. Twenty-five (63%) clinicians believed that clients did not understand the difference between Pap smears and CST. Further education is required to improve the understanding between the terminologies.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Papanicolaou Test ; Sexual Health ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Vaginal Smears
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-26
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2256731-8
    ISSN 1449-8987 ; 1448-5028
    ISSN (online) 1449-8987
    ISSN 1448-5028
    DOI 10.1071/SH22093
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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