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Article ; Online: Small-scale farming in drylands: New models for resilient practices of millet and sorghum cultivation.

Ruiz-Giralt, Abel / Biagetti, Stefano / Madella, Marco / Lancelotti, Carla

2023 Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) e0268120

Abstract: Finger millet, pearl millet and sorghum are amongst the most important drought-tolerant crops worldwide. They constitute primary staple crops in drylands, where their production is known to date back over 5000 years ago. Compared to other crops, millets ... ...

Abstract	Finger millet, pearl millet and sorghum are amongst the most important drought-tolerant crops worldwide. They constitute primary staple crops in drylands, where their production is known to date back over 5000 years ago. Compared to other crops, millets and sorghum have received less attention until very recently, and their production has been progressively reduced in the last 50 years. Here, we present new models that focus on the ecological factors driving finger millet, pearl millet and sorghum traditional cultivation, with a global perspective. The interaction between environment and traditional agrosystems was investigated by Redundancy Analysis of published literature and tested against novel ethnographic data. Contrary to earlier beliefs, our models show that the total annual precipitation is not the most determinant factor in shaping millet and sorghum agriculture. Instead, our results point to the importance of other variables such as the duration of the plant growing cycle, soil water-holding capacity or soil nutrient availability. This highlights the potential of finger millet, pearl millet and sorghum traditional cultivation practices as a response to recent increase of aridity levels worldwide. Ultimately, these practices can play a pivotal role for resilience and sustainability of dryland agriculture.
MeSH term(s)	Sorghum/physiology ; Millets ; Edible Grain ; Agriculture ; Crops, Agricultural ; Soil ; Pennisetum/physiology ; Eleusine
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0268120
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book: The archaeology of household

Madella, Marco

2013

Author's details	edited by Marco Madella
Keywords	Bronze Age ; Household archaeology ; Material culture
Language	English
Size	VII, 288 S., Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
Publisher	Oxbow Books
Publishing place	Oxford u.a.
Document type	Book
Note	Literaturangaben
ISBN	1842175173 ; 9781782970484 ; 9781842175170 ; 1782970487
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Article ; Online: Microlithic variation and the Mesolithic occupations of western India.

Gadekar, Charusmita / García-Granero, Juan José / Madella, Marco / Ajithprasad, P

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) e0267654

Abstract: Considerable confusion and uncertainty persist on the cultural and chronological contexts of Holocene microlithic assemblages reported from South Asia. The paucity of securely dated sites with microlithic remains has compounded the confusion. Evidence ... ...

Abstract	Considerable confusion and uncertainty persist on the cultural and chronological contexts of Holocene microlithic assemblages reported from South Asia. The paucity of securely dated sites with microlithic remains has compounded the confusion. Evidence from sites securely attributed to the Mesolithic based on a holistic approach (including direct evidence of plant and animal exploitation strategies) is needed to provide a better understanding of Mesolithic lithic tool-kits. This study uses morphometric and statistical methods to assess the nature of the Holocene hunter-gatherer microlithic tools-kit from a radiometrically secured chronological context at Vaharvo Timbo, a recently excavated Mesolithic site in North Gujarat (India). The assemblage is further compared with the nearby contemporary site of Loteshwar to highlight similarities and differences within hunter-gatherer lithic assemblages, understanding which can provide detailed information about subsistence strategies as well as patterns of settlement and mobility. The results show general standardisation between these two sites regarding raw materials and manufacturing technique but variation in the relative abundance of tool types between these two sites, despite their close proximity, indicating diverse strategies of resource exploitation by the Holocene hunter-gatherer groups in western India.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Archaeology ; India ; Occupations
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0267654
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Human-Plant Coevolution: A modelling framework for theory-building on the origins of agriculture.

Angourakis, Andreas / Alcaina-Mateos, Jonas / Madella, Marco / Zurro, Debora

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 9, Page(s) e0260904

Abstract: The domestication of plants and the origin of agricultural societies has been the focus of much theoretical discussion on why, how, when, and where these happened. The 'when' and 'where' have been substantially addressed by different branches of ... ...

Abstract	The domestication of plants and the origin of agricultural societies has been the focus of much theoretical discussion on why, how, when, and where these happened. The 'when' and 'where' have been substantially addressed by different branches of archaeology, thanks to advances in methodology and the broadening of the geographical and chronological scope of evidence. However, the 'why' and 'how' have lagged behind, holding on to relatively old models with limited explanatory power. Armed with the evidence now available, we can return to theory by revisiting the mechanisms allegedly involved, disentangling their connection to the diversity of trajectories, and identifying the weight and role of the parameters involved. We present the Human-Plant Coevolution (HPC) model, which represents the dynamics of coevolution between a human and a plant population. The model consists of an ecological positive feedback system (mutualism), which can be reinforced by positive evolutionary feedback (coevolution). The model formulation is the result of wiring together relatively simple simulation models of population ecology and evolution, through a computational implementation in R. The HPC model captures a variety of potential scenarios, though which conditions are linked to the degree and timing of population change and the intensity of selective pressures. Our results confirm that the possible trajectories leading to neolithisation are diverse and involve multiple factors. However, simulations also show how some of those factors are entangled, what are their effects on human and plant populations under different conditions, and what might be the main causes fostering agriculture and domestication.
MeSH term(s)	Agriculture ; Biological Evolution ; Domestication ; Ecology ; Humans ; Plants
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0260904
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A microbotanical and microwear perspective to plant processing activities and foodways at Neolithic Çatalhöyük.

Santiago-Marrero, Carlos G / Tsoraki, Christina / Lancelotti, Carla / Madella, Marco

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) e0252312

Abstract: Çatalhöyük is a renowned archaeological site in central Anatolia, best known for its Neolithic occupation dated from 7100 to 6000 cal BC. The site received worldwide attention early on for its large size, well-preserved mudbrick architecture, and ... ...

Abstract	Çatalhöyük is a renowned archaeological site in central Anatolia, best known for its Neolithic occupation dated from 7100 to 6000 cal BC. The site received worldwide attention early on for its large size, well-preserved mudbrick architecture, and elaborate wall paintings. Excavations at the site over almost three decades have unearthed rich archaeobotanical remains and a diverse ground stone assemblage produced by what once was a vibrant farming community. The study presented here adds to our understanding of crops and plant processing at Çatalhöyük by integrating phytoliths and starch analyses on grinding implements found at three domestic contexts attributed to the Middle (6700-6500 cal BC) and Late (6500-6300 cal BC) period of occupation. Our results reveal a rich microbotanical assemblage that testifies the use of a wide range of geophytes and wild seasonal resources previously unknown at the site. Moreover, by comparing results from the microbotanical proxies and microscopic wear patterns on artefacts, we are also able to discern various plant processing practices the analysed artefacts were employed for. In sum, this work further expands our understanding of plants and crop processing activities performed by the inhabitants of Neolithic Çatalhöyük.
MeSH term(s)	Agriculture ; Archaeology ; Botany ; Crops, Agricultural ; History, Ancient
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0252312
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Reassessing the role of climate change in the Tupi expansion (South America, 5000-500 BP).

Gregorio de Souza, Jonas / Noelli, Francisco Silva / Madella, Marco

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface

2021 Volume 18, Issue 183, Page(s) 20210499

Abstract: The expansion of forest farmers across tropical lowland South America during the Late Holocene has long been connected to climate change. The more humid conditions established during the Late Holocene are assumed to have driven the expansion of forests, ... ...

Abstract	The expansion of forest farmers across tropical lowland South America during the Late Holocene has long been connected to climate change. The more humid conditions established during the Late Holocene are assumed to have driven the expansion of forests, which would have facilitated the dispersal of cultures that practised agroforestry. The Tupi, a language family of widespread distribution in South America, occupies a central place in the debate. Not only are they one of the largest families in the continent, but their expansion from an Amazonian homeland has long been hypothesized to have followed forested environments wherever they settled. Here, we assess that hypothesis using a simulation approach. We employ equation-based and cellular automaton models, simulating demic-diffusion processes under two different scenarios: a null model in which all land cells can be equally settled, and an alternative model in which non-forested cells cannot be settled or delay the expansion. We show that including land cover as a constraint to movement results in a better approximation of the Tupi expansion as reconstructed by archaeology and linguistics.
MeSH term(s)	Archaeology ; Climate Change ; Forests ; Linguistics ; South America
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2156283-0
ISSN	1742-5662 ; 1742-5689
ISSN (online)	1742-5662
ISSN	1742-5689
DOI	10.1098/rsif.2021.0499
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Understanding the Relationship between Water Availability and Biosilica Accumulation in Selected

D'Agostini, Francesca / Vadez, Vincent / Kholova, Jana / Ruiz-Pérez, Javier / Madella, Marco / Lancelotti, Carla

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 8

Abstract: Biosilica accumulation in plant tissues is related to the transpiration stream, which in turn depends on water availability. Nevertheless, the debate on whether genetically and environmentally controlled mechanisms of biosilica deposition are directly ... ...

Abstract	Biosilica accumulation in plant tissues is related to the transpiration stream, which in turn depends on water availability. Nevertheless, the debate on whether genetically and environmentally controlled mechanisms of biosilica deposition are directly connected to water availability is still open. We aim at clarifying the system which leads to the deposition of biosilica in
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants11081019
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Environmental effects on the spread of the Neolithic crop package to South Asia.

Gregorio de Souza, Jonas / Ruiz-Pérez, Javier / Lancelotti, Carla / Madella, Marco

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 7, Page(s) e0268482

Abstract: The emergence of Neolithic economies and their spread through Eurasia was one of the most crucial transitions of the Holocene, with different mechanisms of diffusion-demic, cultural-being proposed. While this phenomenon has been exhaustively studied in ... ...

Abstract	The emergence of Neolithic economies and their spread through Eurasia was one of the most crucial transitions of the Holocene, with different mechanisms of diffusion-demic, cultural-being proposed. While this phenomenon has been exhaustively studied in Europe, with repeated attempts to model the speed of Neolithic diffusion based on radiocarbon dates, much less attention has been devoted to the dispersal towards the East, and in particular to South Asia. The Neolithic in the latter region at least partly derived from southwest Asia, given the presence of "founder crops" such as wheat and barley. The process of their eastward diffusion, however, may have been significantly different to the westward dispersal, which was mainly due to demic diffusion, as local domesticates were already available and farming was already practiced in parts of South Asia. Here, we use radiocarbon dates specifically related to the spread of the southwest Asian Neolithic crops to model the speed of dispersal of this agricultural package towards South Asia. To assess potential geographical and environmental effects on the dispersal, we simulate different speeds depending on the biomes being crossed, employing a genetic algorithm to search for the values that most closely approach the radiocarbon dates. We find that the most important barrier to be crossed were the Zagros mountains, where the speed was lowest, possibly due to topography and climate. A large portion of the study area is dominated by deserts and shrublands, where the speed of advance, albeit closer to the range expected for demic diffusion, was lower than observed in Europe, which can also potentially be attributed to environmental constraints in the adaptation of the crops. Finally, a notable acceleration begins in the Indus valley, exceeding the range of demic diffusion in the tropical and subtropical environments east of the Indus. We propose that the latter is due to the rapid diffusion among populations already familiar with plant cultivation.
MeSH term(s)	Agriculture ; Drug Packaging ; Europe ; Geography ; Middle East
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0268482
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A dataset for assessing phytolith data for implementation of the FAIR data principles.

Kerfant, Céline / Ruiz-Pérez, Javier / García-Granero, Juan José / Lancelotti, Carla / Madella, Marco / Karoune, Emma

Scientific data

2023 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 479

Abstract: Phytolith research contributes to our understanding of plant-related studies such as plant use in archaeological contexts and past landscapes in palaeoecology. This multi-disciplinarity combined with the specificities of phytoliths themselves ( ... ...

Abstract	Phytolith research contributes to our understanding of plant-related studies such as plant use in archaeological contexts and past landscapes in palaeoecology. This multi-disciplinarity combined with the specificities of phytoliths themselves (multiplicity, redundancy, naming issues) produces a wide variety of methodologies. Combined with a lack of data sharing and transparency in published studies, it means data are hard to find and understand, and therefore difficult to reuse. This situation is challenging for phytolith researchers to collaborate from the same and different disciplines for improving methodologies and conducting meta-analyses. Implementing The FAIR Data principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) would improve transparency and accessibility for greater research data sustainability and reuse. This paper sets out the method used to conduct a FAIR assessment of existing phytolith data. We sampled and assessed 100 articles of phytolith research (2016-2020) in terms of the FAIR principles. The end goal of this project is to use the findings from this dataset to propose FAIR guidance for more sustainable publishing of data and research in phytolith studies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Dataset ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775191-0
ISSN	2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
ISSN (online)	2052-4463
ISSN	2052-4463
DOI	10.1038/s41597-023-02296-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Quantitative Analysis of Drought Management Strategies across Ethnographically-Researched African Societies: A Pilot Study

Biagetti, Stefano / Zurro, Debora / Alcaina-Mateos, Jonas / Bortolini, Eugenio / Madella, Marco

Land. 2021 Oct. 09, v. 10, no. 10

2021

Abstract: In this paper, we present a pilot study aimed at investigating the impact of subsistence strategies and environmental pressure on the distribution of ethnographically documented strategies to cope with drought and its effects across 35 current societies ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, we present a pilot study aimed at investigating the impact of subsistence strategies and environmental pressure on the distribution of ethnographically documented strategies to cope with drought and its effects across 35 current societies in Africa. We use freely accessible ethnographic databases to retrieve data on how a number of African societies deal with the circumstances of drought, and ascertain the impact of geography on their distribution in order to measure possible relationships between them, a set of subsistence choices, and proxies of environmental constraints. We use Canonical Correspondence Analysis to explore the emerging patterns and find that subsistence strategy strongly impacts the choice of drought management strategies, especially if considered with a proxy of local environmental condition. Spatial proximity and aridity per se have only marginal impact, highlighting other relevant processes of cultural transmission that at least partly transcend (a) the intensity of human interaction over geographic gradients and (b) local adaptation primarily dependent on water availability. This study supports the wide applicability of quantitative and replicable methods to cross-cultural evidence on a variety of adaptive strategies and uses ethnographic data to propose new hypotheses that can inform future archaeological research by showing recurrent and non-case-specific choices highlighting resilient practices and adaptive behaviour in Africa.
Keywords	archaeology ; correspondence analysis ; drought ; dry environmental conditions ; geography ; humans ; land ; quantitative analysis ; Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1009
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2682955-1
ISSN	2073-445X
ISSN	2073-445X
DOI	10.3390/land10101062
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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