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  1. Article ; Online: First comprehensive analysis of Aedes aegypti bionomics during an arbovirus outbreak in west Africa

    Athanase Badolo / Aboubacar Sombié / Félix Yaméogo / Dimitri W Wangrawa / Aboubakar Sanon / Patricia M Pignatelli / Antoine Sanon / Mafalda Viana / Hirotaka Kanuka / David Weetman / Philip J McCall

    PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e

    Dengue in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 2016-2017.

    2022  Volume 0010059

    Abstract: Background Dengue's emergence in West Africa was typified by the Burkina Faso outbreaks in 2016 and 2017, the nation's largest to date. In both years, we undertook three-month surveys of Aedes populations in or near the capital city Ouagadougou, where ... ...

    Abstract Background Dengue's emergence in West Africa was typified by the Burkina Faso outbreaks in 2016 and 2017, the nation's largest to date. In both years, we undertook three-month surveys of Aedes populations in or near the capital city Ouagadougou, where the outbreaks were centered. Methodology In 1200LG (urban), Tabtenga (peri-urban) and Goundry (rural) localities, we collected indoor and outdoor resting mosquito adults, characterized larval habitats and containers producing pupae and reared immature stages to adulthood in the laboratory for identification. All mosquito adults were identified morphologically. Host species (from which bloodmeals were taken) were identified by PCR. Generalized mixed models were used to investigate relationships between adult or larval densities and multiple explanatory variables. Results From samples in 1,780 houses, adult Ae. aegypti were significantly more abundant in the two urban localities (Tabtenga and 1200 LG) in both years than in the rural site (Goundry), where Anopheles spp. were far more common. Results from adult collections indicated a highly exophilic and anthropophilic (>90% bloodmeals of human origin) vector population, but with a relatively high proportion of bloodfed females caught inside houses. Habitats producing most pupae were waste tires (37% of total pupae), animal troughs (44%) and large water barrels (30%). While Stegomyia indices were not reliable indicators of adult mosquito abundance, shared influences on adult and immature stage densities included rainfall and container water level, collection month and container type/purpose. Spatial analysis showed autocorrelation of densities, with a partial overlap in adult and immature stage hotspots. Conclusion Results provide an evidence base for the selection of appropriate vector control methods to minimize the risk, frequency and magnitude of future outbreaks in Ouagadougou. An integrated strategy combining community-driven practices, waste disposal and insecticide-based interventions is proposed. The ...
    Keywords Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Mesocosm experiments reveal the impact of mosquito control measures on malaria vector life history and population dynamics

    Kija Ng’habi / Mafalda Viana / Jason Matthiopoulos / Issa Lyimo / Gerry Killeen / Heather M. Ferguson

    Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2018  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract The impact of control measures on mosquito vector fitness and demography is usually estimated from bioassays or indirect variables in the field. Whilst indicative, neither approach is sufficient to quantify the potentially complex response of ... ...

    Abstract Abstract The impact of control measures on mosquito vector fitness and demography is usually estimated from bioassays or indirect variables in the field. Whilst indicative, neither approach is sufficient to quantify the potentially complex response of mosquito populations to combined interventions. Here, large replicated mesocosms were used to measure the population-level response of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis to long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) when used in isolation, or combined with insecticidal eave louvers (EL), or treatment of cattle with the endectocide Ivermectin (IM). State-space models (SSM) were fit to these experimental data, revealing that LLIN introduction reduced adult mosquito survival by 91% but allowed population persistence. ELs provided no additional benefit, but IM reduced mosquito fecundity by 59% and nearly eliminated all populations when combined with LLINs. This highlights the value of IM for integrated vector control, and mesocosm population experiments combined with SSM for identifying optimal combinations for vector population elimination.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 310
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Emergence of Lyme Disease on Treeless Islands, Scotland, United Kingdom

    Caroline Millins / Walter Leo / Isabell MacInnes / Johanne Ferguson / Graham Charlesworth / Donald Nayar / Reece Davison / Jonathan Yardley / Elizabeth Kilbride / Selene Huntley / Lucy Gilbert / Mafalda Viana / Paul Johnson / Roman Biek

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 27, Iss 2, Pp 538-

    2021  Volume 546

    Abstract: Lyme disease is usually associated with forested habitats but has recently emerged on treeless islands in the Western Isles of Scotland. The environmental and human components of Lyme disease risk in open habitats remain unknown. We quantified the ... ...

    Abstract Lyme disease is usually associated with forested habitats but has recently emerged on treeless islands in the Western Isles of Scotland. The environmental and human components of Lyme disease risk in open habitats remain unknown. We quantified the environmental hazard and risk factors for human tick bite exposure among treeless islands with low and high Lyme disease incidence in the Western Isles. We found a higher prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato–infected ticks on high-incidence than on low-incidence islands (6.4% vs. 0.7%); we also found that residents of high-incidence islands reported increased tick bite exposure. Most tick bites (72.7%) occurred <1 km from the home, including many in home gardens. Residents of high Lyme disease incidence islands reported increasing problems with ticks; many suggested changing deer distribution as a potential driver. We highlight the benefits of an integrated approach in understanding the factors that contribute to Lyme disease emergence.
    Keywords Lyme disease ; treeless habitats ; Ixodes ricinus ; peridomestic ; tick bite exposure ; deer ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Importance of long-term cycles for predicting water level dynamics in natural lakes.

    Jorge García Molinos / Mafalda Viana / Michael Brennan / Ian Donohue

    PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 3, p e

    2015  Volume 0119253

    Abstract: Lakes are disproportionately important ecosystems for humanity, containing 77% of the liquid surface freshwater on Earth and comprising key contributors to global biodiversity. With an ever-growing human demand for water and increasing climate ... ...

    Abstract Lakes are disproportionately important ecosystems for humanity, containing 77% of the liquid surface freshwater on Earth and comprising key contributors to global biodiversity. With an ever-growing human demand for water and increasing climate uncertainty, there is pressing need for improved understanding of the underlying patterns of natural variability of water resources and consideration of their implications for water resource management and conservation. Here we use Bayesian harmonic regression models to characterise water level dynamics and study the influence of cyclic components in confounding estimation of long-term directional trends in water levels in natural Irish lakes. We found that the lakes were characterised by a common and well-defined annual seasonality and several inter-annual and inter-decadal cycles with strong transient behaviour over time. Importantly, failing to account for the longer-term cyclic components produced a significant overall underestimation of the trend effect. Our findings demonstrate the importance of contextualising lake water resource management to the specific physical setting of lakes.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Anopheline species composition and the 1014F-genotype in different ecological settings of Burkina Faso in relation to malaria transmission

    Alphonse Traoré / Athanase Badolo / Moussa W. Guelbeogo / Antoine Sanou / Mafalda Viana / Luca Nelli / Soumanaba Zongo / Hyacinthe K. Toé / Alfred S. Traoré / Hilary Ranson / N’Falé Sagnon

    Malaria Journal, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 10

    Abstract: Abstract Background A three-year longitudinal study was conducted in four sentinel sites from different ecological settings in Burkina Faso, between 2008 and 2010 to identify longitudinal changes in insecticide resistance within Anopheles gambiae complex ...

    Abstract Abstract Background A three-year longitudinal study was conducted in four sentinel sites from different ecological settings in Burkina Faso, between 2008 and 2010 to identify longitudinal changes in insecticide resistance within Anopheles gambiae complex species based on larval collection. During this study, adult mosquitoes were also collected indoor and outdoor using several methods of collection. The present study reports the diversity of malaria vectors and the 1014F-genotype from this adult collection and investigates the association between this 1014F-genotype and sporozoite rate. Methods Adult mosquitoes were collected from July to August (corresponding to the start of rainy season) and October to November (corresponding to the end of rainy season) over 3 years (2008–2010) at four sites across the country, using pyrethrum spray catches (PSC), exit traps and pit shelters. Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes were identified to species and genotyped for the L1014F kdr mutation by PCR using genomic DNA. The circumsporozoite antigen of Plasmodium falciparum was detected in mosquitoes using sandwich ELISA. Results Overall 9212 anopheline mosquitoes were collected during the study period. Of those, 6767 mosquitoes were identified as Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.). Anopheles arabiensis, Anopheles coluzzii, Anopheles gambiae and or Anopheles funestus were incriminated as vectors of P. falciparum in the study area with an average sporozoite rate of 5%, (95% CI 4.14–5.99%). The kdr1014F-genotype frequencies were 11.44% (95% CI 2.5–39.85%), 19.2% (95% CI 4.53–53.73%) and 89.9 (95% CI 63.14–97.45%), respectively for An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii and An. gambiae. The proportion of the 1014F-genotype varied between sporozoite-infected and uninfected An. gambiae s.l. group. There was no significant difference in the 1014F-genotype frequency between infected and uninfected mosquitoes. Conclusion The current study shows the diversity of malaria vectors and significant interaction between species composition and ...
    Keywords Malaria ; Diversity ; Anopheles gambiae ; Plasmodium falciparum ; kdr ; Insecticide ; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Subject code 572
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Prediction of mosquito species and population age structure using mid-infrared spectroscopy and supervised machine learning [version 3; peer review

    Mario González Jiménez / Simon A. Babayan / Pegah Khazaeli / Margaret Doyle / Finlay Walton / Elliott Reedy / Thomas Glew / Mafalda Viana / Lisa Ranford-Cartwright / Abdoulaye Niang / Doreen J. Siria / Fredros O. Okumu / Abdoulaye Diabaté / Heather M. Ferguson / Francesco Baldini / Klaas Wynne

    Wellcome Open Research, Vol

    2 approved]

    2019  Volume 4

    Abstract: Despite the global efforts made in the fight against malaria, the disease is resurging. One of the main causes is the resistance that Anopheles mosquitoes, vectors of the disease, have developed to insecticides. Anopheles must survive for at least 10 ... ...

    Abstract Despite the global efforts made in the fight against malaria, the disease is resurging. One of the main causes is the resistance that Anopheles mosquitoes, vectors of the disease, have developed to insecticides. Anopheles must survive for at least 10 days to possibly transmit malaria. Therefore, to evaluate and improve malaria vector control interventions, it is imperative to monitor and accurately estimate the age distribution of mosquito populations as well as their population sizes. Here, we demonstrate a machine-learning based approach that uses mid-infrared spectra of mosquitoes to characterise simultaneously both age and species identity of females of the African malaria vector species Anopheles gambiae and An. arabiensis, using laboratory colonies. Mid-infrared spectroscopy-based prediction of mosquito age structures was statistically indistinguishable from true modelled distributions. The accuracy of classifying mosquitoes by species was 82.6%. The method has a negligible cost per mosquito, does not require highly trained personnel, is rapid, and so can be easily applied in both laboratory and field settings. Our results indicate this method is a promising alternative to current mosquito species and age-grading approaches, with further improvements to accuracy and expansion for use with wild mosquito vectors possible through collection of larger mid-infrared spectroscopy data sets.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wellcome
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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