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  1. Article: Hepatic Myofibroblasts: A Heterogeneous and Redox-Modulated Cell Population in Liver Fibrogenesis.

    Bocca, Claudia / Protopapa, Francesca / Foglia, Beatrice / Maggiora, Marina / Cannito, Stefania / Parola, Maurizio / Novo, Erica

    Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 7

    Abstract: During chronic liver disease (CLD) progression, hepatic myofibroblasts (MFs) represent a unique cellular phenotype that plays a critical role in driving liver fibrogenesis and then fibrosis. Although they could originate from different cell types, MFs ... ...

    Abstract During chronic liver disease (CLD) progression, hepatic myofibroblasts (MFs) represent a unique cellular phenotype that plays a critical role in driving liver fibrogenesis and then fibrosis. Although they could originate from different cell types, MFs exhibit a rather common pattern of pro-fibrogenic phenotypic responses, which are mostly elicited or sustained both by oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and several mediators (including growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and others) that often operate through the up-regulation of the intracellular generation of ROS. In the present review, we will offer an overview of the role of MFs in the fibrogenic progression of CLD from different etiologies by focusing our attention on the direct or indirect role of ROS and, more generally, oxidative stress in regulating MF-related phenotypic responses. Moreover, this review has the purpose of illustrating the real complexity of the ROS modulation during CLD progression. The reader will have to keep in mind that a number of issues are able to affect the behavior of the cells involved: a) the different concentrations of reactive species, b) the intrinsic state of the target cells, as well as c) the presence of different growth factors, cytokines, and other mediators in the extracellular microenvironment or of other cellular sources of ROS.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2704216-9
    ISSN 2076-3921
    ISSN 2076-3921
    DOI 10.3390/antiox11071278
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Online: Dynamical strategies for obstacle avoidance during Dictyostelium discoideum aggregation

    Proverbio, Daniele / Maggiora, Marco

    a Multi-agent system model

    2019  

    Abstract: Chemotaxis, the movement of an organism in response to chemical stimuli, is a typical feature of many microbiological systems. In particular, the social amoeba \textit{Disctyostelium discoideum} is widely used as a model organism, but it is not still ... ...

    Abstract Chemotaxis, the movement of an organism in response to chemical stimuli, is a typical feature of many microbiological systems. In particular, the social amoeba \textit{Disctyostelium discoideum} is widely used as a model organism, but it is not still clear how it behaves in heterogeneous environments. A few models focusing on mechanical features have already addressed the question; however, we suggest that phenomenological models focusing on the population dynamics may provide new meaningful data. Consequently, by means of a specific Multi-agent system model, we study the dynamical features emerging from complex social interactions among individuals belonging to amoeba colonies.\\ After defining an appropriate metric to quantitatively estimate the gathering process, we find that: a) obstacles play the role of local topological perturbation, as they alter the flux of chemical signals; b) physical obstacles (blocking the cellular motion and the chemical flux) and purely chemical obstacles (only interfering with chemical flux) elicit similar dynamical behaviors; c) a minimal program for robustly gathering simulated cells does not involve mechanisms for obstacle sensing and avoidance; d) fluctuations of the dynamics concur in preventing multiple stable clusters. Comparing those findings with previous results, we speculate about the fact that chemotactic cells can avoid obstacles by simply following the altered chemical gradient. Social interactions are sufficient to guarantee the aggregation of the whole colony past numerous obstacles.
    Keywords Quantitative Biology - Cell Behavior ; Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems
    Subject code 612
    Publishing date 2019-05-13
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Hypoxia, Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Liver Fibrosis.

    Foglia, Beatrice / Novo, Erica / Protopapa, Francesca / Maggiora, Marina / Bocca, Claudia / Cannito, Stefania / Parola, Maurizio

    Cells

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 7

    Abstract: Liver fibrosis is a potentially reversible pathophysiological event, leading to excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and taking place as the net result of liver fibrogenesis, a dynamic and highly integrated process occurring during ... ...

    Abstract Liver fibrosis is a potentially reversible pathophysiological event, leading to excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and taking place as the net result of liver fibrogenesis, a dynamic and highly integrated process occurring during chronic liver injury of any etiology. Liver fibrogenesis and fibrosis, together with chronic inflammatory response, are primarily involved in the progression of chronic liver diseases (CLD). As is well known, a major role in fibrogenesis and fibrosis is played by activated myofibroblasts (MFs), as well as by macrophages and other hepatic cell populations involved in CLD progression. In the present review, we will focus the attention on the emerging pathogenic role of hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and related mediators in the fibrogenic progression of CLD.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxia/complications ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver/pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis/complications ; Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Signal Transduction
    Chemical Substances Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells10071764
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Histidine-rich glycoprotein in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis-related disease progression and liver carcinogenesis.

    Foglia, Beatrice / Sutti, Salvatore / Cannito, Stefania / Rosso, Chiara / Maggiora, Marina / Casalino, Alice / Bocca, Claudia / Novo, Erica / Protopapa, Francesca / Ramavath, Naresh Naik / Provera, Alessia / Gambella, Alessandro / Bugianesi, Elisabetta / Tacke, Frank / Albano, Emanuele / Parola, Maurizio

    Frontiers in immunology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1342404

    Abstract: Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. In 20%-30% of MASLD patients, the disease progresses to metabolic ... ...

    Abstract Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. In 20%-30% of MASLD patients, the disease progresses to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH, previously NASH) which can lead to fibrosis/cirrhosis, liver failure as well as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we investigated the role of histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG), a plasma protein produced by hepatocytes, in MASLD/MASH progression and HCC development.
    Methods: The role of HRG was investigated by morphological, cellular, and molecular biology approaches in (a) HRG
    Results: In non-neoplastic settings, murine and clinical data indicate that HRG increases significantly in parallel with disease progression. In particular, in MASLD/MASH patients, higher levels of HRG plasma levels were detected in subjects with extensive fibrosis/cirrhosis. When submitted to the pro-carcinogenic protocol, HRG
    Conclusion: Murine and clinical data indicate that HRG plays a significant role in MASLD/MASH progression to HCC by supporting a specific population of tumor-associated macrophages with pro-inflammatory response and pro-angiogenetic capabilities which critically support cancer cell survival. Furthermore, our data suggest HRG as a possible prognostic predictor in HCC patients with MASLD/MASH-related HCCs.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology ; Liver Neoplasms/etiology ; Metabolic Diseases ; Carcinogenesis ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Liver Cirrhosis/etiology ; Disease Progression ; Acetamides ; Proteins
    Chemical Substances histidine-rich proteins ; CDAA (93-71-0) ; Acetamides ; Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342404
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Liver fibrogenesis: un update on established and emerging basic concepts.

    Novo, Erica / Bocca, Claudia / Foglia, Beatrice / Protopapa, Francesca / Maggiora, Marina / Parola, Maurizio / Cannito, Stefania

    Archives of biochemistry and biophysics

    2020  Volume 689, Page(s) 108445

    Abstract: Liver fibrogenesis is defined as a dynamic and highly integrated process occurring during chronic injury to liver parenchyma that can result in excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e., liver fibrosis). Liver fibrogenesis, ... ...

    Abstract Liver fibrogenesis is defined as a dynamic and highly integrated process occurring during chronic injury to liver parenchyma that can result in excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e., liver fibrosis). Liver fibrogenesis, together with chronic inflammatory response, is then primarily involved in the progression of chronic liver diseases (CLD) irrespective of the specific etiology. In the present review we will first offer a synthetic and updated overview of major basic concepts in relation to the role of myofibroblasts (MFs), macrophages and other hepatic cell populations involved in CLD to then offer an overview of established and emerging issues and mechanisms that have been proposed to favor and/or promote CLD progression. A special focus will be dedicated to selected issues that include emerging features in the field of cholangiopathies, the emerging role of genetic and epigenetic factors as well as of hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and related mediators.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Disease Progression ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Humans ; Inflammation/genetics ; Inflammation/pathology ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver/pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis/genetics ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Macrophages/pathology ; Myofibroblasts/metabolism ; Myofibroblasts/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 523-x
    ISSN 1096-0384 ; 0003-9861
    ISSN (online) 1096-0384
    ISSN 0003-9861
    DOI 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108445
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Effect of two post-surgical cleansing protocols on early periodontal wound healing and cytokine levels following osseous resective surgery: A randomized controlled study.

    Sijari, Ziad / Romano, Federica / Ciardo, Gabriele / Martella, Vanessa / Maggiora, Marina / Bottone, Mario / Aimetti, Mario

    International journal of dental hygiene

    2019  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 300–308

    Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this RCT study was to compare early wound healing and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels of patients treated with two different post-surgical cleansing protocols.: Methods: A total of 30 chronic periodontitis patients ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The aim of this RCT study was to compare early wound healing and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels of patients treated with two different post-surgical cleansing protocols.
    Methods: A total of 30 chronic periodontitis patients scheduled for osseous resective surgery with fibre retention technique were randomly assigned to follow one of two post-surgical protocols. Patients assigned to the test protocol (n = 15) were instructed to brush the surgical area with a sonic toothbrush starting the day after surgery in addition to 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) rinsing, while patients following the control protocol (n = 15) rinsed only with 0.12% CHX solution and resumed mechanical cleansing with a manual toothbrush on day 14 after surgery. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 levels were assessed before and 14 days post-operatively in gingival crevicular fluid. Patients were recalled on day 7, 14, 21 and 28 after surgery for clinical assessment. Pain was self-reported by a visual analogue scale.
    Results: Lower early wound healing scores, higher bacterial plaque reduction and milder inflammatory response were observed at the surgical sites in the test group on day 7, 14 and 28 when compared to the control group (P < 0.01). The faster wound healing process was modulated by a statistically significant decrease in IL-1β and IL-8 levels on day 14 in the sonic group. The intensity of pain was similar between groups.
    Conclusions: The introduction of sonic toothbrush on the first post-operative day as an adjunct of daily CHX rinsing would seem to accelerate early wound healing.
    MeSH term(s) Chlorhexidine ; Cytokines ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid ; Humans ; Toothbrushing ; Wound Healing
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; Chlorhexidine (R4KO0DY52L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 2252118-5
    ISSN 1601-5037 ; 1601-5029
    ISSN (online) 1601-5037
    ISSN 1601-5029
    DOI 10.1111/idh.12395
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Preventive oral surgery before bisphosphonate administration to reduce osteonecrosis of the jaws.

    Mozzati, M / Maggiora, M / Scoletta, M / Vasta, A / Canuto, Ra / Muzio, G

    Oral diseases

    2014  Volume 20, Issue 8, Page(s) 809–814

    Abstract: Objectives: The intravenous injection of bisphosphonates, currently used for osteoporosis, myeloma, or bone metastases, can cause ONJ especially in consequence of trauma. To avoid trauma during bisphosphonate treatment, preventive oral surgery is ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The intravenous injection of bisphosphonates, currently used for osteoporosis, myeloma, or bone metastases, can cause ONJ especially in consequence of trauma. To avoid trauma during bisphosphonate treatment, preventive oral surgery is recommended. The research aimed to evidence whether inflammatory and osteoclastogenic factors are not induced in oral mucosa after bisphosphonate treatment in patients receiving oral preventive surgery procedure and whether proliferation factors are not inhibited.
    Patients and methods: Specimens of oral mucosa were removed from healthy subjects and from patients undergoing preventive oral surgery before bisphosphonate treatment. The expression of cytokines and factors involved in osteoclast activity, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis were examined.
    Results: Cytokines and RANK-L levels decreased significantly in mucosa from patients undergoing preventive oral surgery procedure before bisphosphonate treatment in comparison with their levels at the beginning of procedure and also in comparison with the level in patients treated only with bisphosphonates and not developing ONJ; conversely, osteoprotegerin and hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase significantly increased or not changed.
    Conclusions: The results suggest that preventive oral surgery could be able to prevent ONJ due to bisphosphonate treatment: The mucosa is not stimulated by bisphosphonates to cause ONJ, as bisphosphonates are probably not released from the bone.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/diagnostic imaging ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/prevention & control ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw/surgery ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oral Surgical Procedures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Chemical Substances Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1290529-x
    ISSN 1601-0825 ; 1354-523X
    ISSN (online) 1601-0825
    ISSN 1354-523X
    DOI 10.1111/odi.12215
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: 4-Hydroxyhexenal and 4-hydroxynonenal are mediators of the anti-cachectic effect of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on human lung cancer cells.

    Muzio, G / Ricci, M / Traverso, N / Monacelli, F / Oraldi, M / Maggiora, M / Canuto, R A

    Free radical biology & medicine

    2016  Volume 99, Page(s) 63–70

    Abstract: Cachexia, the most severe paraneoplastic syndrome, occurs in about 80% of patients with advanced cancer; it cannot be reverted by conventional, enteral, or parenteral nutrition. For this reason, nutritional interventions must be based on the use of ... ...

    Abstract Cachexia, the most severe paraneoplastic syndrome, occurs in about 80% of patients with advanced cancer; it cannot be reverted by conventional, enteral, or parenteral nutrition. For this reason, nutritional interventions must be based on the use of substances possessing, alongside nutritional and energetic properties, the ability to modulate production of the pro-inflammatory factors responsible for the metabolic changes characterising cancer cachexia. In light of their nutritional and anti-inflammatory properties, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and in particular n-3, have been investigated for treating cachexia; however, the results have been contradictory. Since both n-3 and n-6 PUFAs can affect cell functions in several ways, this research investigated the possibility that the effects of both n-3 and n-6 PUFAs could be mediated by their major aldehydic products of lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxyhexenal (HHE) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), and by their anti-inflammatory properties. An "in vitro" cancer cachexia model, consisting of human lung cancer cells (A427) and murine myoblasts (C2C12), was used. The results showed that: 1) both n-3 and n-6 PUFAs reduced the growth of lung cancer cells without causing cell death, increased lipid peroxidation and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR)α, and decreased TNFα; 2) culture medium conditioned by A427 cells grown in the absence of PUFAs blocked myosin production and the differentiation of C2C12 muscle cells; conversely, muscle cells grown in culture medium conditioned by the same cells in the presence of PUFAs showed myosin expression and formed myotubes; 3) adding HHE or HNE directly to C2C12 cells maintained in culture medium conditioned by A427 cells in the absence of PUFAs stimulated myosin production and myotube formation; 4) putative consensus sequences for (PPARs) have been found in genes encoding fast isoforms of myosin heavy chain, by a bioinformatics approach. The overall results show, first, the ability of both n-3 and n-6 PUFAs and their lipid peroxidation products to prevent the blocking of myosin expression and myotube formation caused in C2C12 cells by medium conditioned by human lung tumour cells. The C2C12 cell differentiation can be due to direct effect of lipid peroxidation products, as evidenced by treating C2C12 cells with HHE and HNE, and to the decrease of pro-inflammatory TNFα in A427 cell culture medium. The presence of consensus sequences for PPARs in genes encoding the fast isoforms of myosin heavy chain suggests that the effects of PUFAs, HHE, and HNE are PPAR-mediated.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 807032-5
    ISSN 1873-4596 ; 0891-5849
    ISSN (online) 1873-4596
    ISSN 0891-5849
    DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.07.031
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A Novel Cloud-Based Service Robotics Application to Data Center Environmental Monitoring.

    Russo, Ludovico Orlando / Rosa, Stefano / Maggiora, Marcello / Bona, Basilio

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2016  Volume 16, Issue 8

    Abstract: This work presents a robotic application aimed at performing environmental monitoring in data centers. Due to the high energy density managed in data centers, environmental monitoring is crucial for controlling air temperature and humidity throughout the ...

    Abstract This work presents a robotic application aimed at performing environmental monitoring in data centers. Due to the high energy density managed in data centers, environmental monitoring is crucial for controlling air temperature and humidity throughout the whole environment, in order to improve power efficiency, avoid hardware failures and maximize the life cycle of IT devices. State of the art solutions for data center monitoring are nowadays based on environmental sensor networks, which continuously collect temperature and humidity data. These solutions are still expensive and do not scale well in large environments. This paper presents an alternative to environmental sensor networks that relies on autonomous mobile robots equipped with environmental sensors. The robots are controlled by a centralized cloud robotics platform that enables autonomous navigation and provides a remote client user interface for system management. From the user point of view, our solution simulates an environmental sensor network. The system can easily be reconfigured in order to adapt to management requirements and changes in the layout of the data center. For this reason, it is called the virtual sensor network. This paper discusses the implementation choices with regards to the particular requirements of the application and presents and discusses data collected during a long-term experiment in a real scenario.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-08-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s16081255
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Behçet's disease with intestinal perforation: A case report.

    Della Maggiora, Maricel / Baños, Andrea / Paolini, Virginia / Florio, Dario / Takashima, Lorena / Aicardi, Pedro

    Reumatologia clinica

    2017  Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 171–172

    Abstract: A 34-year-old man with an 8-year history of outbreaks of oral and genital ulcers presented with high fever and skin lesions that had developed 21 days earlier, without abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed intestinal perforation requiring surgery. ...

    Title translation Enfermedad de Behçet con perforación intestinal: a propósito de un caso.
    Abstract A 34-year-old man with an 8-year history of outbreaks of oral and genital ulcers presented with high fever and skin lesions that had developed 21 days earlier, without abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed intestinal perforation requiring surgery. After treatment with corticosteroids and azathioprine proved to be ineffective, it was switched to adalimumab.
    Language Spanish
    Publishing date 2017-05
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2477196-X
    ISSN 1885-1398 ; 1699-258X
    ISSN (online) 1885-1398
    ISSN 1699-258X
    DOI 10.1016/j.reuma.2016.03.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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