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Article ; Online: Special Issue: "New Trends in Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Diseases".

Wang, Yutang / Magliano, Dianna J

International journal of molecular sciences

2024 Volume 25, Issue 5

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) encompasses a range of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, including coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease [ ... ]. ...

Abstract	Cardiovascular disease (CVD) encompasses a range of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, including coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease [...].
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Hypertension ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Coronary Disease ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25052711
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Article ; Online: SEARCHing for answers to youth-onset type 2 diabetes.

Shaw, Jonathan E / Magliano, Dianna J

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology

2023 Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) 219–220

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Age of Onset
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ISSN	2213-8595
ISSN (online)	2213-8595
DOI	10.1016/S2213-8587(23)00037-2
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Article ; Online: Prediction of cardiovascular death and non-fatal cardiovascular events by the Kidney age-Chronological age Difference (KCD) score in men and women of different ages in a community-based cohort.

Campbell, Duncan J / Magliano, Dianna J / Shaw, Jonathan E

BMJ open

2023 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e068494

Abstract: Objective: We examined the utility of the Kidney age-Chronological age Difference (KCD) score, an age-adapted measure of kidney function, to identify increased cardiovascular (CV) death or non-fatal CV event risk in participants of the Australian ... ...

Abstract	Objective: We examined the utility of the Kidney age-Chronological age Difference (KCD) score, an age-adapted measure of kidney function, to identify increased cardiovascular (CV) death or non-fatal CV event risk in participants of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab), a community-based cohort aged 23-95 years. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Community. Participants: 11205 randomly selected participants from urban and nonurban areas across Australia. Outcome measures: Mortality status and underlying and contributory causes of death obtained from the Australian National Death Index, and non-fatal CV events from adjudicated hospital records. The association of CV death or non-fatal CV event risk with KCD score was examined using penalised spline curve analysis. Results: Of 11 180 participants with serum creatinine measurement at baseline and 5-year outcome data, there were 308 CV deaths or non-fatal CV events after 5 years. Penalised spline curve analysis showed similar progressive increase in CV death or non-fatal CV event risk with increasing KCD score in men and women, and participants aged <50 years to ≥80 years. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed optimal discrimination at a KCD score ≥20 years (KCD20) for all participants. Among 148 participants aged<70 years with CV death or non-fatal CV event, KCD20 identified 24 (16%) participants, whereas estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m Conclusion: KCD20 predicted CV death or non-fatal CV event risk similarly in men and women of different ages in this population-based cohort. The higher sensitivity for prediction of CV death or non-fatal CV event risk in participants aged <70 years by KCD20 than by eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Female ; Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Australia ; Cardiovascular System ; Kidney ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068494
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Article ; Online: Reasons for Hospitalization Among Australians With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes and COVID-19.

Tomic, Dunya / Shaw, Jonathan E / Magliano, Dianna J

Canadian journal of diabetes

2023 Volume 48, Issue 1, Page(s) 53–58.e4

Abstract: Objective: Our aim in this study was to determine the reasons for hospitalization in Australian people with diabetes who contract COVID-19.: Methods: All COVID-19 cases reported to the Victorian Department of Health and linked hospitalization data ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Our aim in this study was to determine the reasons for hospitalization in Australian people with diabetes who contract COVID-19. Methods: All COVID-19 cases reported to the Victorian Department of Health and linked hospitalization data were assessed. We determined reasons for acute (0 to 30 days) and postacute (31 to 365 days) hospitalization among those with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and COVID-19, compared to those with COVID-19 and no diabetes, and to admissions before the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A total of 13,302 Australians with type 1 or type 2 diabetes were hospitalized in the state of Victoria in the 12 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Respiratory diseases accounted for 40% of acute admissions among those with diabetes. Viral pneumonia was the leading cause of acute hospitalization among those with diabetes and constituted a larger proportion of admissions in those with compared to those without diabetes (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.87, 95% confidence interval 1.76 to 1.99). The distribution of postacute hospitalizations among those with diabetes aligned with that of people with diabetes before the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: Respiratory diseases are the leading cause of acute hospitalization in those with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and COVID-19. The reasons for postacute hospitalization resemble those in people with diabetes and no COVID-19. We reinforce the importance of community management of people with diabetes in the ongoing pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 Testing ; Retrospective Studies ; Australia ; Hospitalization ; Australasian People
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-23
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2352-3840
ISSN (online)	2352-3840
DOI	10.1016/j.jcjd.2023.09.002
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Article ; Online: Reasons for hospitalisation in youth with type 1 diabetes, 2010-2019.

Tomic, Dunya / Craig, Maria E / Magliano, Dianna J / Shaw, Jonathan E

Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association

2023 Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) e15218

Abstract: Aims: To determine the incidence of hospitalisation for all diagnoses among Australian youth with type 1 diabetes.: Methods: We linked Australians aged under 20 years with type 1 diabetes on the National Diabetes Services Scheme (n = 45,685) to ... ...

Abstract	Aims: To determine the incidence of hospitalisation for all diagnoses among Australian youth with type 1 diabetes. Methods: We linked Australians aged under 20 years with type 1 diabetes on the National Diabetes Services Scheme (n = 45,685) to hospital admission data from 2010 to 2019. We determined relative risks (RR) of hospitalisation among those with type 1 diabetes in the states of Victoria and Queensland (n = 21,898) compared to the general population for 2010-2017 using Poisson regression. Results: Australian youth with type 1 diabetes had increased risk for almost all reasons for hospitalisation compared to the general population, especially infections such as anogenital herpesviral infections (RR 54.83, 95% CI 33.21-90.53), and mental health disorders including personality disorders (RR 9.70, 95% CI 8.02-11.72). Among those with type 1 diabetes, over 60% of hospitalisations were directly related to diabetes, almost half of which were for ketoacidosis. Approximately 15% of ketoacidosis admissions occurred within 3 months of diabetes diagnosis. One quarter of those with admissions for ketoacidosis were readmitted for ketoacidosis within 12 months. Residence in areas of high socio-economic disadvantage was an independent risk factor for admission and readmission for ketoacidosis. Conclusions: Youth with type 1 diabetes are susceptible to a wide range of complications. Clinicians should consider screening and prevention for conditions such as infections and mental health disorders. Targeted support and education around glycaemic management should be considered in those at high risk for ketoacidosis admission including those living in areas of high socio-economic disadvantage.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Australia/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/epidemiology ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/therapy ; Hospitalization ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605769-x
ISSN	1464-5491 ; 0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
ISSN (online)	1464-5491
ISSN	0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
DOI	10.1111/dme.15218
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Article ; Online: Clinical Utility of Cardiovascular Risk Scores for Identification of People With Type 2 Diabetes More Likely to Benefit From Either GLP-1 Receptor Agonist or SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy.

Sacre, Julian W / Magliano, Dianna J / Shaw, Jonathan E

Diabetes care

2022 Volume 45, Issue 8, Page(s) 1900–1906

Abstract: Objective: Differentiation of risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) from heart failure hospitalization (HHF) or kidney disease is important when selecting glucose-lowering therapy. We investigated the ability of separate MACE and HHF risk ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Differentiation of risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) from heart failure hospitalization (HHF) or kidney disease is important when selecting glucose-lowering therapy. We investigated the ability of separate MACE and HHF risk scores to 1) differentiate MACE from HHF risk; and 2) identify individuals more likely to benefit from either glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is). Research design and methods: We identified three trials in type 2 diabetes that reported cardiovascular outcomes stratified by Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction Risk Scores for MACE and HHF. Pooled placebo-arm rates of HHF, MACE, and their ratio and estimated GLP-1RA- and SGLT2i-mediated reductions in events (MACE and HHF combined) were compared across cardiovascular risk strata in the trial populations. Results: The HHF rate was less frequent than MACE at all risk levels but increased from 18% of the MACE rate at low-intermediate HHF risk to 61% at highest HHF risk. Similarly, with increasing MACE risk, the incidence of HHF increased from 19% of the MACE incidence in those at low MACE risk to 51% in those with the highest MACE risk. Estimated GLP-1RA- and SGLT2i-mediated reductions in cardiovascular events were similar in those at low-intermediate MACE or HHF risk but tended to favor SGLT2is at higher risk levels of both scores. Conclusions: A greater increase in the rate of HHF relative to MACE was observed with progressively higher cardiovascular risk, regardless of the risk score applied. Consequently, SGLT2is may offer greater overall cardiovascular protection in those at highest MACE risk, not just those at highest HHF risk.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	441231-x
ISSN	1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
ISSN (online)	1935-5548
ISSN	0149-5992
DOI	10.2337/dc21-1929
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Article ; Online: The burden and risks of emerging complications of diabetes mellitus.

Tomic, Dunya / Shaw, Jonathan E / Magliano, Dianna J

Nature reviews. Endocrinology

2022 Volume 18, Issue 9, Page(s) 525–539

Abstract: The traditional complications of diabetes mellitus are well known and continue to pose a considerable burden on millions of people living with diabetes mellitus. However, advances in the management of diabetes mellitus and, consequently, longer life ... ...

Abstract	The traditional complications of diabetes mellitus are well known and continue to pose a considerable burden on millions of people living with diabetes mellitus. However, advances in the management of diabetes mellitus and, consequently, longer life expectancies, have resulted in the emergence of evidence of the existence of a different set of lesser-acknowledged diabetes mellitus complications. With declining mortality from vascular disease, which once accounted for more than 50% of deaths amongst people with diabetes mellitus, cancer and dementia now comprise the leading causes of death in people with diabetes mellitus in some countries or regions. Additionally, studies have demonstrated notable links between diabetes mellitus and a broad range of comorbidities, including cognitive decline, functional disability, affective disorders, obstructive sleep apnoea and liver disease, and have refined our understanding of the association between diabetes mellitus and infection. However, no published review currently synthesizes this evidence to provide an in-depth discussion of the burden and risks of these emerging complications. This Review summarizes information from systematic reviews and major cohort studies regarding emerging complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus to identify and quantify associations, highlight gaps and discrepancies in the evidence, and consider implications for the future management of diabetes mellitus.
MeSH term(s)	Comorbidity ; Cost of Illness ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Humans ; Risk
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2489381-X
ISSN	1759-5037 ; 1759-5029
ISSN (online)	1759-5037
ISSN	1759-5029
DOI	10.1038/s41574-022-00690-7
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Article ; Online: SGLT-2 Inhibitor Use and Cause-Specific Hospitalization Rates: An Outcome-Wide Study to Identify Novel Associations of SGLT-2 Inhibitors.

Tan, George S Q / Morton, Jedidiah I / Wood, Stephen / Shaw, Jonathan E / Magliano, Dianna J / Ilomäki, Jenni

Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics

2024

Abstract: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have demonstrated multifaceted pharmacological effects. In addition to type 2 diabetes, they are now indicated for heart failure and chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to identify novel ... ...

Abstract	Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have demonstrated multifaceted pharmacological effects. In addition to type 2 diabetes, they are now indicated for heart failure and chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to identify novel associations between SGLT2i use and health outcomes using real-world data. Using linked data from a nationwide diabetes registry in Australia, we compared hospitalization rates in people living with type 2 diabetes commencing treatment with SGLT2i and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i) between December 1, 2013, and June 30, 2019. Cause-specific hospitalizations were categorized across three hierarchies of diagnoses (first, first three, and first four digits of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Version, Australian Modification codes). Incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for each cause-specific hospitalization were estimated using negative binomial regression. In the first hierarchy, hospitalization rates were lower across most diagnosis groups among SGLT2i initiators (n = 99,569) compared with DPP4i initiators (n = 186,353). In the second and third hierarchies, there were lower hospitalization rates relating to infections, anemias, and obstructive airway diseases among SGLT2i initiators compared with DPP4i initiators. These included sepsis (IRR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.51-0.72) anemia (IRR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.46-0.66), and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (IRR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.40-0.68), as well as for previously known associations (e.g., heart failure (IRR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.56-0.70)). SGLT2is have previously uncharacterized associations on a range of important clinical outcomes; validation of these associations requires further study, some of which may suggest novel benefits or new indications for SGLT2is.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123793-7
ISSN	1532-6535 ; 0009-9236
ISSN (online)	1532-6535
ISSN	0009-9236
DOI	10.1002/cpt.3194
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Article ; Online: Trends in the Incidence of Hospitalization for Major Diabetes-Related Complications in People With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Australia, 2010-2019.

Morton, Jedidiah I / Lazzarini, Peter A / Shaw, Jonathan E / Magliano, Dianna J

Diabetes care

2022 Volume 45, Issue 4, Page(s) 789–797

Abstract: Objective: To determine trends in the incidence of major diabetes-related complications in Australia.: Research design and methods: This study included 70,885 people with type 1 and 1,089,270 people with type 2 diabetes registered on the Australian ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To determine trends in the incidence of major diabetes-related complications in Australia. Research design and methods: This study included 70,885 people with type 1 and 1,089,270 people with type 2 diabetes registered on the Australian diabetes registry followed from July 2010 to June 2019. Outcomes (hospitalization for myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, heart failure [HF], lower-extremity amputation [LEA], hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia) were obtained via linkage to hospital admissions databases. Trends over time in the age-adjusted incidence of hospitalizations were analyzed using joinpoint regression and summarized as annual percent changes (APCs). Results: In type 1 diabetes, the incidence of all complications remained stable, except for stroke, which increased from 2010-2011 to 2018-2019 (financial years; APC: +2.5% [95% CI 0.1, 4.8]), and hyperglycemia, which increased from 2010-2011 to 2016-2017 (APC: +2.7% [1.0, 4.5]). In type 2 diabetes, the incidence of stroke remained stable, while the incidence of MI decreased from 2012-2013 to 2018-2019 (APC: -1.7% [95% CI -2.8, -0.5]), as did the incidence of HF and hypoglycemia from 2010-2011 to 2018-2019 (APCs: -0.8% [-1.5, 0.0] and -5.3% [-6.7, -3.9], respectively); the incidence of LEA and hyperglycemia increased (APCs: +3.1% [1.9, 4.4], and +7.4% [5.9, 9.0]). Most trends were consistent by sex, but differed by age; in type 2 diabetes most improvements were confined to individuals aged ≥60 years. Conclusions: Trends in admissions for diabetes-related complications were largely stable in type 1 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, hospitalization rates for MI, HF, and hypoglycemia fell over time, while increasing for LEA and hyperglycemia.
MeSH term(s)	Australia/epidemiology ; Diabetes Complications/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Heart Failure/epidemiology ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/complications ; Hypoglycemia/complications ; Hypoglycemia/epidemiology ; Incidence ; Myocardial Infarction/complications ; Stroke/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	441231-x
ISSN	1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
ISSN (online)	1935-5548
ISSN	0149-5992
DOI	10.2337/dc21-2268
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Zs.A 1434: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Persistent disparities in diabetes medication receipt by socio-economic disadvantage in Australia.

Morton, Jedidiah I / Ilomӓki, Jenni / Magliano, Dianna J / Shaw, Jonathan E

Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association

2022 Volume 39, Issue 9, Page(s) e14898

Abstract: Background: It is unknown how use of newer glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) has changed in Australia following the publication of clinical trials demonstrating definitive clinical advantages for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and ... ...

Abstract	Background: It is unknown how use of newer glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) has changed in Australia following the publication of clinical trials demonstrating definitive clinical advantages for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), and whether this varies by socio-economic disadvantage. Methods: We included 1,064,645 people with type 2 diabetes registered on the National Diabetes Services Scheme. This cohort was linked to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme database to evaluate trends in diabetes medication receipt and variation by socio-economic disadvantage between 2013 and 2019. Results: The proportion of people with type 2 diabetes receiving ≥3 GLDs concurrently increased from 12% in 2013 to 25% in 2019. By 2019, 6% of people with diabetes were receiving a GLP-1 RA and 21% an SGLT2i. Disparities in receipt of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is by socio-economic disadvantage decreased over time (ORs for most vs. least disadvantaged quintile were 0.80 [0.77-0.85] and 0.87 [0.82-0.94] in 2014 and 0.95 [0.92-0.98] and 1.07 [1.05-1.09] in 2019 for GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is, respectively). However, people in more disadvantaged areas were more likely to receive multiple GLDs. After stratifying by number of concurrent GLDs received, people in more disadvantaged areas were less likely to receive GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is in 2019 (ORs for most vs. least disadvantaged: 0.81 [0.78-0.84] and 0.90 [0.87-0.93] for people receiving ≥3 GLDs, respectively). Conclusions: After controlling for intensity of glucose-lowering therapy, people in more disadvantaged areas were less likely to receive cardioprotective GLDs, although disparities decreased over time.
MeSH term(s)	Australia/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/therapeutic use ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	605769-x
ISSN	1464-5491 ; 0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
ISSN (online)	1464-5491
ISSN	0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
DOI	10.1111/dme.14898
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