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  1. Article ; Online: When the "satisficing" is the new "fittest": how a proscriptive definition of adaptation can change our view of cognition and culture.

    Magnon, Valentin / Corbara, Bruno

    Die Naturwissenschaften

    2022  Volume 109, Issue 5, Page(s) 42

    Abstract: Since Darwin's theory of evolution, adaptationism is frequently invoked to explain cognition and cultural processes. Adaptationism can be described as a prescriptive view, as phenotypes that do not optimize fitness should not be selected by natural ... ...

    Abstract Since Darwin's theory of evolution, adaptationism is frequently invoked to explain cognition and cultural processes. Adaptationism can be described as a prescriptive view, as phenotypes that do not optimize fitness should not be selected by natural selection. From an epistemological perspective, the principle of a prescriptive definition of adaptation seems incompatible with recent advances in epigenetics, evolutionary developmental biology, ethology, and genomics. From these challenges, a proscriptive view of adaptation has emerged, postulating that phenotypes that are not deleterious will be evolutionary maintained. In this epistemological investigation, we examine how the shift from adaptationism to a proscriptive view changes our view of cognition and culture. We argue that, while adaptationism leads to cognitivism and a view of culture as strategies to optimize overall fitness, the proscriptive definition favors embodied theories of cognition and a view of culture as the cumulative diffusion of behaviors allowed by the constraints of reproduction.
    MeSH term(s) Acclimatization ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Biological Evolution ; Cognition ; Selection, Genetic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 123257-5
    ISSN 1432-1904 ; 0028-1042
    ISSN (online) 1432-1904
    ISSN 0028-1042
    DOI 10.1007/s00114-022-01814-9
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  2. Article ; Online: When the "satisficing" is the new "fittest": how a proscriptive definition of adaptation can change our view of cognition and culture

    Magnon, Valentin / Corbara, Bruno

    Sci Nat. 2022 Oct., v. 109, no. 5 p.42-42

    2022  

    Abstract: Since Darwin's theory of evolution, adaptationism is frequently invoked to explain cognition and cultural processes. Adaptationism can be described as a prescriptive view, as phenotypes that do not optimize fitness should not be selected by natural ... ...

    Abstract Since Darwin's theory of evolution, adaptationism is frequently invoked to explain cognition and cultural processes. Adaptationism can be described as a prescriptive view, as phenotypes that do not optimize fitness should not be selected by natural selection. From an epistemological perspective, the principle of a prescriptive definition of adaptation seems incompatible with recent advances in epigenetics, evolutionary developmental biology, ethology, and genomics. From these challenges, a proscriptive view of adaptation has emerged, postulating that phenotypes that are not deleterious will be evolutionary maintained. In this epistemological investigation, we examine how the shift from adaptationism to a proscriptive view changes our view of cognition and culture. We argue that, while adaptationism leads to cognitivism and a view of culture as strategies to optimize overall fitness, the proscriptive definition favors embodied theories of cognition and a view of culture as the cumulative diffusion of behaviors allowed by the constraints of reproduction.
    Keywords animal behavior ; cognition ; epigenetics ; genomics ; natural selection ; reproduction
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-10
    Size p. 42.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 123257-5
    ISSN 1432-1904 ; 0028-1042
    ISSN (online) 1432-1904
    ISSN 0028-1042
    DOI 10.1007/s00114-022-01814-9
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  3. Article ; Online: The heart to make the right choice: Vagal (re)activity and recovery predict advantageous decision-making.

    Magnon, Valentin / Dutheil, Frederic / Vallet, Guillaume T

    Physiology & behavior

    2022  Volume 254, Page(s) 113911

    Abstract: From simple everyday choices to life-altering decisions, decision-making is a crucial cognitive process in our daily life. Psychophysiological theories of heart-brain interactions involvement in cognition predict that general self-regulation capacities ... ...

    Abstract From simple everyday choices to life-altering decisions, decision-making is a crucial cognitive process in our daily life. Psychophysiological theories of heart-brain interactions involvement in cognition predict that general self-regulation capacities underlie cognitive processes including decision-making. Yet, in the context of decision-making, the somatic maker hypothesis postulates that the adaptability of the current physiological state should be the best predictor of advantageous decision-making. The present study tests compare self-regulation in general (indexed by resting vagal activity) and in a specific decisional context (vagal reactivity and recovery) to explain advantageous decision-making. Young adults (n = 54) completed a decision-making task while wearing a heart rate monitor. Bayesian regressions show that vagal reactivity and recovery combined is the preferred statistical model to explain advantageous decision-making (BF
    MeSH term(s) Bayes Theorem ; Cognition ; Decision Making/physiology ; Heart/physiology ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Vagus Nerve/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3907-x
    ISSN 1873-507X ; 0031-9384
    ISSN (online) 1873-507X
    ISSN 0031-9384
    DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113911
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  4. Article: The heart to make the right choice: Vagal (re)activity and recovery predict advantageous decision-making

    Magnon, Valentin / Dutheil, Frederic / Vallet, Guillaume T.

    Physiology & behavior. 2022 Oct. 01, v. 254

    2022  

    Abstract: From simple everyday choices to life-altering decisions, decision-making is a crucial cognitive process in our daily life. Psychophysiological theories of heart-brain interactions involvement in cognition predict that general self-regulation capacities ... ...

    Abstract From simple everyday choices to life-altering decisions, decision-making is a crucial cognitive process in our daily life. Psychophysiological theories of heart-brain interactions involvement in cognition predict that general self-regulation capacities underlie cognitive processes including decision-making. Yet, in the context of decision-making, the somatic maker hypothesis postulates that the adaptability of the current physiological state should be the best predictor of advantageous decision-making. The present study tests compare self-regulation in general (indexed by resting vagal activity) and in a specific decisional context (vagal reactivity and recovery) to explain advantageous decision-making. Young adults (n = 54) completed a decision-making task while wearing a heart rate monitor. Bayesian regressions show that vagal reactivity and recovery combined is the preferred statistical model to explain advantageous decision-making (BF₁₀ = 163.85). Those findings 1) support the somatic marker hypothesis highlighting the key role of in situ self-regulation in decision-making processes and 2) show that the popular and often used index of general self-regulation, resting vagal activity, is not the best predictor of decision-making performance, and perhaps even for other cognitive functions. A next step could be interventional studies to test whether vagal modulation of heart rate underlies decision-making through interventions that influence vagal activity, which could provide relevant clinical leads.
    Keywords Bayesian theory ; behavior ; cognition ; decision making ; heart ; heart rate ; physiological state ; statistical models
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-1001
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 3907-x
    ISSN 1873-507X ; 0031-9384
    ISSN (online) 1873-507X
    ISSN 0031-9384
    DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113911
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  5. Article ; Online: Benefits from one session of deep and slow breathing on vagal tone and anxiety in young and older adults.

    Magnon, Valentin / Dutheil, Frédéric / Vallet, Guillaume T

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 19267

    Abstract: Anxiety is recognized as a major health issue and is quite prevalent among older adults. An efficient way to manage anxiety is abdominal breathing. Breathing exercises seem to reduce anxiety and to increase parasympathetic activity assessed by HRV ... ...

    Abstract Anxiety is recognized as a major health issue and is quite prevalent among older adults. An efficient way to manage anxiety is abdominal breathing. Breathing exercises seem to reduce anxiety and to increase parasympathetic activity assessed by HRV indexes. Yet, the effect of abdominal breathing on physiological stress (HRV) and anxiety in older adults remains poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the effects of deep and slow breathing (DSB, low inhale/exhale ratio) on physiological stress and anxiety in older adults (n = 22) in comparison with younger ones (n = 25). DSB increased significantly HFpower and reduced state anxiety in both younger and older adults. Interestingly, the increased in HF power was significantly higher among older adults than younger ones. As expected, the ratio inhale/exhale being not equal, RMSSD did not increase following DSB. Thus, we provide evidence suggesting that DSB is more beneficial to older adults than younger ones to restore vagal outflow. Despite future work being required, those results provide relevant clinical application leads to manage state anxiety among older adults and to promote successfull aging.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Anxiety/physiopathology ; Anxiety/therapy ; Autonomic Nervous System/physiopathology ; Breathing Exercises/methods ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stress, Physiological ; Treatment Outcome ; Vagus Nerve/physiopathology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-98736-9
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  6. Article ; Online: Mind your heart to bear the weight: Cardiac interoception predicts action-related visual perception when wearing a heavy backpack.

    Magnon, Valentin / Dutheil, Frederic / Chausse, Pierre / Vallet, Guillaume T

    Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)

    2022  Volume 76, Issue 10, Page(s) 2232–2240

    Abstract: Visual perception can be modulated by the physiological potential for action. For instance, it was famously shown that a geographical slant appears steeper when wearing a heavy backpack than not wearing any. However, those results are not always ... ...

    Abstract Visual perception can be modulated by the physiological potential for action. For instance, it was famously shown that a geographical slant appears steeper when wearing a heavy backpack than not wearing any. However, those results are not always replicated. In the present exploratory study, we test the hypothesis that the backpack weight's effect on perception relies on the ability of the cognitive system to integrate the physiological constraint's change rather than the change itself. Young adults (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Interoception/physiology ; Bayes Theorem ; Visual Perception/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 219170-2
    ISSN 1747-0226 ; 0033-555X ; 1747-0218
    ISSN (online) 1747-0226
    ISSN 0033-555X ; 1747-0218
    DOI 10.1177/17470218221145932
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    Zs.B 1109: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Sedentary Lifestyle Matters as Past Sedentariness, Not Current Sedentariness, Predicts Cognitive Inhibition Performance among College Students: An Exploratory Study.

    Magnon, Valentin / Vallet, Guillaume T / Dutheil, Frédéric / Auxiette, Catherine

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 14

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Child, Preschool ; Cognition ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Sedentary Behavior ; Students ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph18147649
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  8. Article: Sedentariness: A Need for a Definition.

    Magnon, Valentin / Dutheil, Frédéric / Auxiette, Catherine

    Frontiers in public health

    2018  Volume 6, Page(s) 372

    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00372
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  9. Article: Sedentary Behavior at Work and Cognitive Functioning: A Systematic Review.

    Magnon, Valentin / Vallet, Guillaume T / Auxiette, Catherine

    Frontiers in public health

    2018  Volume 6, Page(s) 239

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-31
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00239
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  10. Article: Effect of Hyperthyroidism Treatments on Heart Rate Variability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Brusseau, Valentin / Tauveron, Igor / Bagheri, Reza / Ugbolue, Ukadike Chris / Magnon, Valentin / Bouillon-Minois, Jean-Baptiste / Navel, Valentin / Dutheil, Frederic

    Biomedicines

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 8

    Abstract: The reversibility of HRV abnormalities in hyperthyroidism remains contradictory. The design of this study involves conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of antithyroid treatments on HRV in hyperthyroidism. PubMed, Cochrane, ... ...

    Abstract The reversibility of HRV abnormalities in hyperthyroidism remains contradictory. The design of this study involves conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of antithyroid treatments on HRV in hyperthyroidism. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched until 4 April 2022. Multiple reviewers selected articles reporting HRV parameters in treated and untreated hyperthyroidism. Independent data extraction by multiple observers was stratified by degree of hyperthyroidism for each HRV parameter: RR intervals, SDNN (standard deviation of RR intervals), RMSSD (square root of the mean difference of successive RR intervals), pNN50 (percentage of RR intervals with >50 ms of variation), total power (TP), LFnu (low-frequency normalized unit) and HFnu (high-frequency), VLF (very low-frequency), and LF/HF ratio. We included 11 studies for a total of 471 treated hyperthyroid patients, 495 untreated hyperthyroid patients, and 781 healthy controls. After treatment, there was an increase in RR, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, TP, HFnu, and VLF and a decrease in LFnu and LF/HF ratio (p < 0.01). Overt hyperthyroidism showed similar results, in contrast to subclinical hyperthyroidism. Compared with controls, some HRV parameter abnormalities persist in treated hyperthyroid patients (p < 0.05) with lower SDNN, LFnu, and higher HFnu, without significant difference in other parameters. We showed a partial reversibility of HRV abnormalities following treatment of overt hyperthyroidism. The improvement in HRV may translate the clinical cardiovascular benefits of treatments in hyperthyroidism and may help to follow the evolution of the cardiovascular morbidity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines10081982
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