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Article ; Online: Green water-dispersible coarse powder nano-formulation for allelopathic leaf extract of Mikania micrantha Kunth ex H.B.K. in controlling the rice weed Echinochloa colona (L.) Link

Lim, Chaw Jiang / Lim, Chan Kiang / Arumugam, Mahashanon / Ee, Gwendoline Cheng Lian / Omar, Dzolkhifli / Mahiran Basri

Industrial Crops & Products. 2022 Nov., v. 187 p.115468-

2022

Abstract: Plant extracts originated from an exotic species, Mikania micrantha Kunth ex H.B.K. have shown appreciable phytoinhibitory activities against a rice weed, Echinocloa colona (L.) Link. In spite of that, the glutinous extracts exhibit poor physicochemical ... ...

Abstract	Plant extracts originated from an exotic species, Mikania micrantha Kunth ex H.B.K. have shown appreciable phytoinhibitory activities against a rice weed, Echinocloa colona (L.) Link. In spite of that, the glutinous extracts exhibit poor physicochemical properties preventing it from delivering efficiently and for ease of application. This research study aimed to formulate the leaf extract of M. micrantha with pre-emulsions and lignocellulosic coarse powder for the sake of ameliorated bioefficacy of the extract via nano-delivery system and improved product handling. Three pre-emulsions were developed using rapeseed oil methyl esters (ROME) and disparate bisurfactant mixtures including polyalkoxylated fatty alcohol (PAFA)-alkyl sulfonate (AS), PAFA-cocamidopropyl betaine (CB) and PAFA-alkyl polyglucosides (APG). The pre-emulsions were incorporated with leaf extracts containing the phenolic allelochemicals. The pre-emulsified extracts were loaded onto mercerized lignocellulose by solvent percolation and evaporation (SPE) technique produced the formulated water-dispersible coarse powders, WDP-F1, WDP-F2 and WDP-F3. A non-formulated extract was prepared into water-dispersible powder, WDP-EX for quality control. The results show greater water absorption by the formulated powders in prolonged duration of 7 days exerted the release of higher total amount of phenolic compounds (63.66-86.52%) than the phenolics amount released from the non-formulated powder (41.98%). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the formulated extracts exhibited particles release in regular patterns from three dimensional networks and gigantic vesicles, unlike the non-formulated extract liberated uneven particles from disordered aggregates. The particles released from the formulated powders displayed low mean sizes (87.56-103.27 nm) in monodisperse range (PDI = 0.180-0.203). In opposition, non-formulated particles indicated larger mean size (423.93 nm) and polydisperse (PDI = 0.550). In the glasshouse study, the formulated powders promoted significantly higher inhibitions of germination, shoot height, fresh weight and dry weight of E. colona than non-formulated powder and non-treated weedy control. Moreover, the paddy seedling growth and grain yield treated with the formulated powders were statistically equivalent (p = 0.05) to treated with a commercial formulation, Satunil® and weed-free non-treated control. These valuable outcomes genuinely reflected the inspirational use of green water-dispersible coarse powder in the formulation of natural products in fostering the sustainable development of crop protection products.
Keywords	Echinochloa colona ; Mikania micrantha ; allelochemicals ; betaine ; evaporation ; fatty alcohols ; germination ; glucosides ; grain yield ; greenhouse experimentation ; introduced species ; leaf extracts ; leaves ; lignocellulose ; mercerization ; paddies ; phenolic compounds ; plant protection ; quality control ; rapeseed oil ; rice ; seedling growth ; solvents ; sulfonates ; sustainable development ; transmission electron microscopy ; water uptake ; weeds ; Mikania micrantha Kunth ex H.B.K. ; Allelopathic leaf extract ; Water-dispersible coarse powder ; Eco-friendly nano-formulation ; Weed control ; Echinochloa colona (L.) Link
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-11
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1132158-1
ISSN	1872-633X ; 0926-6690
ISSN (online)	1872-633X
ISSN	0926-6690
DOI	10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.115468
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Development of nano-colloidal system for fullerene by ultrasonic-assisted emulsification techniques based on artificial neural network

Cheng Loong Ngan / Hamid Reza Fard Masoumi / Mahiran Basri / Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman

Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Vol 12, Iss 8, Pp 4162-

2019 Volume 4170

Abstract: Propagation of high intensity ultrasonic waves and shearing effect in formulating nanoemulsion loaded fullerene for drug delivery was investigated. Artificial neural network (ANN) was applied to optimize the emulsification process by varying the ... ...

Abstract	Propagation of high intensity ultrasonic waves and shearing effect in formulating nanoemulsion loaded fullerene for drug delivery was investigated. Artificial neural network (ANN) was applied to optimize the emulsification process by varying the ultrasonic and homogenization parameters. Control of operating conditions, such as sonication amplitude (30–70%) and duration (60–120 s), as well as homogenization rate (4000–5000 rpm), was tested to determine the physical attributes of nanoemulsion. Ultrasonic cavitation showed far greater effects as compared to high shear homogenization in controlling the droplet size (sonication time) and viscosity (sonication amplitude) of the nanoemulsion system. Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm produced the optimum topology with network architecture of three inputs, four hidden nodes, and two outputs. Validation further confirmed the aptness of the proposed model with low root mean square error. In this study, ANN has superior predictive ability by yielding low percentage of residual standard error. An ultrasonic approach in formulating fullerene nanoemulsion system is a powerful technique in minimization of droplet size and acquisition of desirable viscosity. This serves as a platform to advance fullerene in nanomedicine field despite its hydrophobicity. Keywords: Nanoemulsion, Fullerene, Artificial neural network, Ultrasonic cavitation, High shear homogenization
Keywords	Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Computational simulation of palm kernel oil-based esters nano-emulsions aggregation as a potential parenteral drug delivery system

Nur Hana Faujan / Roghayeh Abedi Karjiban / Ilangkumanan Kashaban / Mahiran Basri / Hamidon Basri

Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Vol 12, Iss 8, Pp 2372-

2019 Volume 2383

Abstract: The self-assembled structure of palm kernel oil-based esters (PKOEs) nano-emulsions has shown a great potential used for parenteral drug delivery applications. Here, all-atom level molecular dynamics (MD) was applied to investigate the aggregation ... ...

Abstract	The self-assembled structure of palm kernel oil-based esters (PKOEs) nano-emulsions has shown a great potential used for parenteral drug delivery applications. Here, all-atom level molecular dynamics (MD) was applied to investigate the aggregation process of PKOEs nano-emulsion system. The system consisted of palm kernel oil-based esters (PKOEs) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) in water. The ratio of all constituents was taken from the homogenous region of a ternary phase diagram determined experimentally. The molecules started to aggregate very rapidly from random configurations. A doughnut-like toroidal assembled structure formed at 50 ns with PKOEs surrounded by DPPC molecules. The structural and dynamical properties of the self-assembled doughnut-like toroidal aggregate were analyzed using the principle moment of inertia, eccentricity and radius of gyration. The aggregation structures were compact with the average radius of gyration of 4.10 (±0.02) nm over the last 5 ns. Additionally, both hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions were involved in aggregation process with a total solvent accessible surface area of 551.72 (±5.88) nm2. Keywords: Palm kernel oil-based esters, Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, Self-assembly, Doughnut-like toroidal, Molecular dynamics simulation
Keywords	Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Host-Vector System for the Expression of a Thermostable Bacterial Lipase in a Locally Isolated Meyerozyma guilliermondii SMB

Abu Bakar Salleh / Siti Marha Baharuddin / Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd Rahman / Thean Chor Leow / Mahiran Basri / Siti Nurbaya Oslan

Microorganisms, Vol 8, Iss 1738, p

2020 Volume 1738

Abstract: Screening for a new yeast as an alternative host is expected to solve the limitations in the present yeast expression system. A yeast sample which was isolated from the traditional food starter ‘ragi’ from Malaysia was identified to contain Meyerozyma ... ...

Abstract	Screening for a new yeast as an alternative host is expected to solve the limitations in the present yeast expression system. A yeast sample which was isolated from the traditional food starter ‘ragi’ from Malaysia was identified to contain Meyerozyma guilliermondii strain SMB. This yeast-like fungus strain SMB was characterized to assess its suitability as an expression host. Lipase activity was absent in this host (when assayed at 30 °C and 70 °C) and Hygromycin B (50 μg/mL) was found to be its best selection marker. Then, the hyg gene (Hygromycin B) was used to replace the sh ble gene (Zeocin) expression cassette in a Komagataella phaffii expression vector (designated as pFLDhα). A gene encoding the mature thermostable lipase from Bacillus sp. L2 was cloned into pFLDhα, followed by transformation into strain SMB. The optimal expression of L2 lipase was achieved using YPTM (Yeast Extract-Peptone-Tryptic-Methanol) medium after 48 h with 0.5% ( v/v ) methanol induction, which was 3 times faster than another K. phaffii expression system. In conclusion, a new host-vector system was established as a platform to express L2 lipase under the regulation of P FLD1 . It could also be promising to express other recombinant proteins without inducers.
Keywords	Pichia sp ; Meyerozyma guilliermondii ; thermostable lipase ; formaldehyde dehydrogenase promoter ; yeast ; alternative host ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	570 ; 572
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Enhancing the Bioconversion of Azelaic Acid to Its Derivatives by Response Surface Methodology

Nurshafira Khairudin / Mahiran Basri / Hamid Reza Fard Masoumi / Shazwani Samson / Siti Efliza Ashari

Molecules, Vol 23, Iss 2, p

2018 Volume 397

Abstract: Azelaic acid (AzA) and its derivatives have been known to be effective in the treatment of acne and various cutaneous hyperpigmentary disorders. The esterification of azelaic acid with lauryl alcohol (LA) to produce dilaurylazelate using immobilized ... ...

Abstract	Azelaic acid (AzA) and its derivatives have been known to be effective in the treatment of acne and various cutaneous hyperpigmentary disorders. The esterification of azelaic acid with lauryl alcohol (LA) to produce dilaurylazelate using immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica (Novozym 435) is reported. Response surface methodology was selected to optimize the reaction conditions. A well-fitting quadratic polynomial regression model for the acid conversion was established with regards to several parameters, including reaction time and temperature, enzyme amount, and substrate molar ratios. The regression equation obtained by the central composite design of RSM predicted that the optimal reaction conditions included a reaction time of 360 min, 0.14 g of enzyme, a reaction temperature of 46 °C, and a molar ratio of substrates of 1:4.1. The results from the model were in good agreement with the experimental data and were within the experimental range (R2 of 0.9732).The inhibition zone can be seen at dilaurylazelate ester with diameter 9.0±0.1 mm activities against Staphylococcus epidermidis S273. The normal fibroblasts cell line (3T3) was used to assess the cytotoxicity activity of AzA and AzA derivative, which is dilaurylazelate ester. The comparison of the IC50 (50% inhibition of cell viability) value for AzA and AzA derivative was demonstrated. The IC50 value for AzA was 85.28 μg/mL, whereas the IC50 value for AzA derivative was more than 100 μg/mL. The 3T3 cell was still able to survive without any sign of toxicity from the AzA derivative; thus, it was proven to be non-toxic in this MTT assay when compared with AzA.
Keywords	azelaic acid ; anti-acne ; enzymatic reaction ; Novozym 435 ; response surface methodology (RSM) ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Enhanced physicochemical stability and efficacy of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) - inhibitory biopeptides by chitosan nanoparticles optimized using Box-Behnken design

Shehu Muhammad Auwal / Mohammad Zarei / Chin Ping Tan / Mahiran Basri / Nazamid Saari

Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2018 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Bromelain-generated biopeptides from stone fish protein exhibit strong inhibitory effect against ACE and can potentially serve as designer food (DF) with blood pressure lowering effect. Contextually, the DF refer to the biopeptides specifically ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Bromelain-generated biopeptides from stone fish protein exhibit strong inhibitory effect against ACE and can potentially serve as designer food (DF) with blood pressure lowering effect. Contextually, the DF refer to the biopeptides specifically produced to act as ACE-inhibitors other than their primary role in nutrition and can be used in the management of hypertension. However, the biopeptides are unstable under gastrointestinal tract (GIT) digestion and need to be stabilized for effective oral administration. In the present study, the stone fish biopeptides (SBs) were stabilized by their encapsulation in sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) cross-linked chitosan nanoparticles produced by ionotropic gelation method. The nanoparticles formulation was then optimized via Box-Behnken experimental design to achieve smaller particle size (162.70 nm) and high encapsulation efficiency (75.36%) under the optimum condition of SBs:Chitosan mass ratio (0.35), homogenization speed (8000 rpm) and homogenization time (30 min). The SBs-loaded nanoparticles were characterized for morphology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), physicochemical stability and efficacy. The nanoparticles were then lyophilized and analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results obtained indicated a sustained in vitro release and enhanced physicochemical stability of the SBs-loaded nanoparticles with smaller particle size and high encapsulation efficiency following long period of storage. Moreover, the efficacy study revealed improved inhibitory effect of the encapsulated SBs against ACE following simulated GIT digestion.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Formulation and Evaluation of Galantamine Gel as Drug Reservoir in Transdermal Patch Delivery System

Woo Fong Yen / Mahiran Basri / Mansor Ahmad / Maznah Ismail

The Scientific World Journal, Vol

2015 Volume 2015

Keywords	Science ; Q ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
Publishing date	2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Formulation and Evaluation of Galantamine Gel as Drug Reservoir in Transdermal Patch Delivery System

Woo Fong Yen / Mahiran Basri / Mansor Ahmad / Maznah Ismail

The Scientific World Journal, Vol

2015 Volume 2015

Abstract: Galantamine hydrobromide is formulated in tablets and capsules prescribed through oral delivery for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. However, oral delivery of drugs can cause severe side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal ... ...

Abstract	Galantamine hydrobromide is formulated in tablets and capsules prescribed through oral delivery for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. However, oral delivery of drugs can cause severe side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal disturbance. Transdermal delivery of galantamine hydrobromide could avoid these unwanted side effects. In this work, galantamine hydrobromide was formulated in gel drug reservoir which was then fabricated in the transdermal patch. The in vitro drug release studies revealed that the drug release from the donor chamber to receptor chamber of Franz diffusion cell was affected by the amount of polymer, amount of neutralizer, amount of drug, types of permeation enhancer, and amount of permeation enhancer. Visual observations of the gels showed that all formulated gels are translucent, homogeneous, smooth, and stable. These gels have pH in the suitable range for skin. The gel also showed high drug content uniformity. Hence, this formulation can be further used in the preparation of transdermal patch drug delivery system.
Keywords	Technology ; T ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Chemical and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane Dispersion Derived from Jatropha Oil

Sariah Saalah / Luqman Chuah Abdullah / Min Min Aung / Mek Zah Salleh / Dayang Radiah Awang Biak / Mahiran Basri / Emiliana Rose Jusoh / Suhaini Mamat / Syeed SaifulAzry Osman Al Edrus

Polymers, Vol 13, Iss 5, p

2021 Volume 795

Abstract: Nowadays, there is a significant trend away from solvent-based polyurethane systems towards waterborne polyurethane dispersions due to government regulations requiring manufacturers to lower total volatile organic compounds, as well as consumer ... ...

Abstract	Nowadays, there is a significant trend away from solvent-based polyurethane systems towards waterborne polyurethane dispersions due to government regulations requiring manufacturers to lower total volatile organic compounds, as well as consumer preference for more environmentally friendly products. In this work, a renewable vegetable oil-based polyol derived from jatropha oil was polymerized with isophorone diisocyanate and dimethylol propionic acid to produce anionic waterborne polyurethane dispersion. Free standing films with up to 62 wt.% bio-based content were successfully produced after evaporation of water from the jatropha oil-based waterborne polyurethane (JPU) dispersion, which indicated good film formation. The chemical and thermo-mechanical properties of the JPU films were characterized. By increasing the OH numbers of polyol from 161 mgKOH/g to 217 mgKOH/g, the crosslinking density of the JPU was significantly increased, which lead to a better storage modulus and improved hydrophobicity. Overall, JPU produced from polyol having OH number of 217 mgKOH/g appears to be a promising product for application as a binder for wood and decorative coatings.
Keywords	waterborne polyurethane dispersion ; water-based coatings ; jatropha oil ; crosslinking density ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	620
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Improved In Vivo Efficacy of Anti-Hypertensive Biopeptides Encapsulated in Chitosan Nanoparticles Fabricated by Ionotropic Gelation on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Shehu Muhammad Auwal / Mohammad Zarei / Chin Ping Tan / Mahiran Basri / Nazamid Saari

Nanomaterials, Vol 7, Iss 12, p

2017 Volume 421

Abstract: Recent biotechnological advances in the food industry have led to the enzymatic production of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory biopeptides with a strong blood pressure lowering effect from different food proteins. However, the safe oral ... ...

Abstract	Recent biotechnological advances in the food industry have led to the enzymatic production of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory biopeptides with a strong blood pressure lowering effect from different food proteins. However, the safe oral administration of biopeptides is impeded by their enzymatic degradation due to gastrointestinal digestion. Consequently, nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery systems are used to overcome these gastrointestinal barriers to maintain the improved bioavailability and efficacy of the encapsulated biopeptides. In the present study, the ACE-inhibitory biopeptides were generated from stone fish (Actinopyga lecanora) protein using bromelain and stabilized by their encapsulation in chitosan (chit) nanoparticles (NPs). The nanoparticles were characterized for in vitro physicochemical properties and their antihypertensive effect was then evaluated on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The results of a physicochemical characterization showed a small particle size of 162.70 nm, a polydispersity index (pdi) value of 0.28, a zeta potential of 48.78 mV, a high encapsulation efficiency of 75.36%, a high melting temperature of 146.78 °C and an in vitro sustained release of the biopeptides. The results of the in vivo efficacy indicated a dose-dependent blood pressure lowering effect of the biopeptide-loaded nanoparticles that was significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared with the un-encapsulated biopeptides. Moreover, the results of a morphological examination using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated the nanoparticles as homogenous and spherical. Thus, the ACE-inhibitory biopeptides stabilized by chitosan nanoparticles can effectively reduce blood pressure for an extended period of time in hypertensive individuals.
Keywords	angiotensin I-converting enzyme ; ACE-inhibitory biopeptides ; blood pressure ; oral administration ; enzymatic degradation ; bioavailability ; efficacy ; chitosan nanoparticles ; physicochemical properties ; spontaneously hypertensive rats ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	620
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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