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Article ; Online: The Harmful Effects of Pesticides on the Environment and Human Health

Israa Mahmood Ali

مجلة ديالى للعلوم الزراعية, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 114-

A Review

2023 Volume 126

Abstract: The population inflation that countries are witnessing during this century, makes it imperative to provide sufficient quantities of agricultural products to meet their urgent needs. Therefore, it became very necessary to use pesticides to improve ... ...

Abstract	The population inflation that countries are witnessing during this century, makes it imperative to provide sufficient quantities of agricultural products to meet their urgent needs. Therefore, it became very necessary to use pesticides to improve agricultural crop productivity and reduce losses resulting from agricultural pests. The indiscriminate use of pesticides causes severe risks not only on agricultural fields, but also workers in their manufacturing processes and individual use in homes and institutions. The main adverse effects of utilizing pesticides on human health, soil, microorganisms of soil, surface water and groundwater have been covered in this review. This investigation is aiming to elevate environmental awareness, highlight the serious harms of pesticides and provide guidance for implementing a serious solution from the people and authorities. In addition, the most important strategies to reduce the pesticides risks have been summarized.
Keywords	adverse effects of pesticides ; human health ; pesticides ; pesticide risks ; environment ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972 ; Forestry ; SD1-669.5 ; Dairying ; SF221-250 ; Dairy processing. Dairy products ; SF250.5-275 ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling ; SH1-691 ; General Works ; A
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	University of Diyala
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Green Cooling Factor

Bashar Mahmood Ali / Mehmet Akkaş

Applied Sciences, Vol 14, Iss 1, p

Eco-Innovative Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Solutions in Building Design

2023 Volume 195

Abstract: This research investigates the compatibility of conventional air conditioning with the principles of green building, highlighting the need for systems that enhance indoor comfort while aligning with environmental sustainability. Though proficient in ... ...

Abstract	This research investigates the compatibility of conventional air conditioning with the principles of green building, highlighting the need for systems that enhance indoor comfort while aligning with environmental sustainability. Though proficient in regulating indoor temperatures, conventional cooling systems encounter several issues when incorporated into green buildings. These include energy waste, high running costs, and misalignment with eco-friendly practices, which may also lead to detrimental environmental effects and potentially reduce occupant comfort, particularly in retrofit situations. Given the emphasis on sustainability and energy conservation in green buildings, there is a pressing demand for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) solutions that support these goals. This study emphasises the critical need to reconsider traditional HVAC strategies in the face of green building advances. It advocates for the adoption of innovative HVAC technologies designed for eco-efficiency and enhanced comfort. These technologies should integrate seamlessly with sustainable construction, use greener refrigerants, and uphold environmental integrity, driving progress towards a sustainable and occupant-friendly built environment.
Keywords	HVAC ; thermal comfort ; green buildings ; outdoor air conditioning ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: التحليل الجغرافي لأثر المناخ في تربية الاغنام والماعز في محافظة كربلاء المقدسة

Re’ed Abd / Mahmood Ali al-Semi

آداب الكوفة, Vol 1, Iss

2023 Volume 56

Abstract: تعد الحيوانات المجترة لاسيما الاغنام والماعز من مصادر الغذاء المهمة للإنسان وتمثل جزء من منظومة الدخل القومي في العراق ومحافظة كربلاء على وجه الخصوص ، وقد شغلت دراسة الحيوانات المجترة باهتمام الباحثين في مختلف العلوم ومنها علم الجغرافية. ولقد اتخذت ... ...

Abstract	تعد الحيوانات المجترة لاسيما الاغنام والماعز من مصادر الغذاء المهمة للإنسان وتمثل جزء من منظومة الدخل القومي في العراق ومحافظة كربلاء على وجه الخصوص ، وقد شغلت دراسة الحيوانات المجترة باهتمام الباحثين في مختلف العلوم ومنها علم الجغرافية. ولقد اتخذت الدراسة من عناصر المناخ المتمثلة بأشعة الشمس و درجات الحرارة و الامطار و الرطوبة و الرياح , وأثرها في تربية الحيوانات المجترة مدار البحث, لغرض إيجاد بيئة ملائمة فضلا عن تقليل الأثر السلبي للمناخ من أجل النهوض بواقع تربيتها وزيادة اعدادها نتيجة الطلب المتزايد على منتجاتها من اللحوم والحليب. وتوصل البحث الى ان لموقع منطقة الدراسة دور في تحديد الخصائص المناخية ، اذ جعلها تتصف بالتطرف الشديد في درجات الحرارة ويمتاز أيضا بقلة الأمطار وتذبذبها نتيجة لموقعها القاري ولارتفاع كمية الإشعاع الشمسي في المنطقة مما يؤدي الى إصابة الحيوانات المجترة بضربة الشمس أو الإجهاد الحراري ومن ثم قلة شهيتها للغذاء الأمر الذي ينعكس على إنتاجها. وتؤثر عناصر المناخ بشكل غير مباشر على نوع وكمية الأعلاف المتوافرة للحيوانات واحتياجاتها من الأعلاف , الا ان طول مدة الاشعاع الشمسي وشدته لاسيما في الاشهر الحارة له انعكاساته السلبية على الحيوان والنبات في المنطقة. كما تتصف أمطار المنطقة بتذبذبها وعدم انتظام سقوطها وقلة كميتها لذلك لا يعتمد عليها بصورة مباشرة في الزراعة مما يجعل الاعتماد على الري أمراً حتمياُ، مع ذلك وبالرغم من قلتها فأنها تعمل على تقليل عدد الريات
Keywords	المناخ ; الاغنام ; الماعز ; كربلاء ; محافظة ; مقدسة ; History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Arts in general ; NX1-820 ; Language and Literature ; P
Language	Arabic
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Unviversity of Kufa, Faculty of Arts
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: An overview of Candida auris in Iraq

Hayder Mahmood Ali Samaka / Nihad Habeeb Mutlag / Hassan Ayad Kareem

Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences, Vol 45, Iss

the silent killer

2023 Volume 1

Abstract: Candida auris is an emerging pathogen known for its high mortality compared to other fungal diseases in healthcare units. Since its initial description in Japan in 2009, C. auris has been reported worldwide, including in Middle Eastern countries. Iraq, ... ...

Abstract	Candida auris is an emerging pathogen known for its high mortality compared to other fungal diseases in healthcare units. Since its initial description in Japan in 2009, C. auris has been reported worldwide, including in Middle Eastern countries. Iraq, one of the Middle Eastern countries, does not seem to have adequately addressed C. auris as a serious emergent pathogen in the healthcare units, especially since numerous healthcare facilities in the Middle Eastern region have reported C. auris infections. Additionally, this pathogen poses unique challenges in the area due to its ability to resist multiple antifungal agents, causing serious invasive infections with high mortality rates. Efforts to control C. auris in Middle Eastern countries have primarily focused on infection surveillance, implementing infection prevention and control measures, and developing regional guidelines for diagnosis and management. However, the challenges associated with its detection, including misidentification and a lack of standardized diagnostic methods, have complicated these efforts. Understanding the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of C. auris in the Middle East is crucial for effective management and control. In conclusion, the combination of its multidrug resistance, high mortality rate, and the challenges of detecting and treating C. auris requires immediate attention and the implementation of comprehensive surveillance and prevention strategies, especially in Iraq. Despite concerted efforts by health agencies and national authorities, Iraq lacks a comprehensive surveillance system and a clear strategy to combat this pathogen effectively, making this fungus a significant threat to Iraq's healthcare systems.
Keywords	emerging fungus ; Candida auris ; Middle East ; multidrug-resistant fungus ; invasive fungal infections ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Microbiology ; QR1-502
Subject code	950
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Critical success factor based resource allocation in ERP implementation

Ying Xie / Colin Allen / Mahmood Ali

Heliyon, Vol 8, Iss 8, Pp e10044- (2022)

A nonlinear programming model

2022

Abstract: This research examines how a Constrained Nonlinear programming model for ERP implementation (CNL_ERP) can facilitate Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to deploy resources to address the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) in the pre-implementation ... ...

Abstract	This research examines how a Constrained Nonlinear programming model for ERP implementation (CNL_ERP) can facilitate Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to deploy resources to address the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) in the pre-implementation phase, and to invest in them during implementation to increase the probability that the implementation will be successful. Applications of CNL_ERP in three case studies demonstrate that the average ERP implementation outcomes outperform the observed results. Using the Generalised Reduced Gradient Method, we developed an ERP implementation strategy realising resource allocation to CSFs. The strategy provides a rich picture of where to concentrate effort in the initial, intermediate and final phases, and is very helpful in enabling an SME to understand the progress of an ERP project and the resources needed. In case there are changes in resources (such as budget, team performance), the model enables SMEs to rank CSFs, and to adjust resources allocations accordingly to achieve the best ERP implementation performance.
Keywords	ERP implementation ; SMEs ; Critical success factor ; Resource allocation ; Nonlinear programming ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Investigation of structural, electronic, mechanical, & optical characteristics of Ra based-cubic hydrides RbRaX

Shahzad, Muhammad Khuram / Farooq, Muhammad Umair / Laghari, Rashid Ali / Khan, Muhammad Aslam / Tahir, Muhammad Bilal / Azeem, Waqar / Mahmood Ali, Muhammad / Tirth, Vineet

Heliyon

2023 Volume 9, Issue 7, Page(s) e18407

Abstract: Perovskite materials are considered the gateway of various physical applications to meet the production and consumption of energy and medical fields. Density Functional Theory (DFT) becomes the most important field in the modern era to investigate ... ...

Abstract	Perovskite materials are considered the gateway of various physical applications to meet the production and consumption of energy and medical fields. Density Functional Theory (DFT) becomes the most important field in the modern era to investigate perovskite materials for various physical properties. DFT nowadays is used to explore the perovskite materials for a lot of applications like photocatalytic, optoelectronic, and photovoltaics. We discussed radium based cubic hydrides RbRaX
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18407
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Importance of Early Spotting of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients by Family Medicine Physicians and Ophthalmologists: A Study in Jordan.

Marie, Latifa / Al-Dabbas, Mohammad / Khatatbeh, Ahmed / Al-Mahmood, Ali

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) e34342

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a long-standing progressive disorder. Diabetic retinopathy is the primary cause of blindness among adults suffering from diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy is found to be dependent on the length of the period affected by ... ...

Abstract	Background: Diabetes mellitus is a long-standing progressive disorder. Diabetic retinopathy is the primary cause of blindness among adults suffering from diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy is found to be dependent on the length of the period affected by diabetes, glucose control, blood pressure, and lipid profile while age, sex, and type of medical therapy were not found to be risk factors. Aim: This study attempts to determine the importance of early spotting of diabetic retinopathy in Jordanian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects by family medicine and ophthalmologist physicians, which will help us achieve better health outcomes. Methods: Our retrospective investigation recruited 950 working-age subjects, of both sexes and with T2DM at three hospitals in Jordan, from September 2019 to June 2022. Early spotting of diabetic retinopathy was done by family medicine physicians and confirmation was done by ophthalmologists using direct ophthalmoscopy. Evaluation of the fundus by pupillary dilation was performed to assess the degree of diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, and the number of patients with diabetic retinopathy. The level of severity for diabetic retinopathy at confirmation was done using the classification for diabetic retinopathy produced by the American Association of Ophthalmology (AAO). Continuous parameters and independent t-tests were used to assess the average discrepancy in the degree of retinopathy among subjects. Categorical parameters were mentioned in numbers and percentages and chi-square tests were done to determine discrepancies in proportion among patients. Results: Early spotting of diabetic retinopathy was recorded by family medicine physicians in 150 (15.8%) of 950 patients with T2DM of whom 56.7% (85/150) were women with an average age of 44 years. Of these 150 subjects with T2DM, who were presumed to have diabetic retinopathy, ophthalmologists diagnosed diabetic retinopathy in 35 patients (35/150; 23.3%). Of these, 33 (94.3%) had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and two (5.7%) had proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Of the 33 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 10 had mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 17 had moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and six had severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Subjects aged more than 28 years had a 2.5 times increased risk of experiencing diabetic retinopathy. Awareness and lack of awareness values differed significantly (316 (33.3%), 634 (66.7%); P<0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Early spotting of diabetic retinopathy by family medicine physicians shortens the delay of diagnosis confirmation by ophthalmologists.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.34342
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Article ; Online: Critical success factor based resource allocation in ERP implementation: A nonlinear programming model

Xie, Ying / Allen, Colin / Mahmood, Ali

Heliyon. 2022 Aug., v. 8, no. 8 p.e10044-

2022

Abstract	This research examines how a Constrained Nonlinear programming model for ERP implementation (CNL_ERP) can facilitate Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to deploy resources to address the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) in the pre-implementation phase, and to invest in them during implementation to increase the probability that the implementation will be successful. Applications of CNL_ERP in three case studies demonstrate that the average ERP implementation outcomes outperform the observed results. Using the Generalised Reduced Gradient Method, we developed an ERP implementation strategy realising resource allocation to CSFs. The strategy provides a rich picture of where to concentrate effort in the initial, intermediate and final phases, and is very helpful in enabling an SME to understand the progress of an ERP project and the resources needed. In case there are changes in resources (such as budget, team performance), the model enables SMEs to rank CSFs, and to adjust resources allocations accordingly to achieve the best ERP implementation performance.
Keywords	models ; probability ; resource allocation ; ERP implementation ; SMEs ; Critical success factor ; Nonlinear programming
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-08
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Use and reproduction
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10044
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Assessment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Foxp3 methylation level in chronic myeloid leukemia patients on tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy.

Sabir, Shahla'a Fadhil / Matti, Bassam Francis / Alwatar, Wifaq Mahmood Ali

Immunogenetics

2022 Volume 75, Issue 2, Page(s) 145–153

Abstract: The key cell population permits cancer cells to avoid immune-surveillance is regulatory T cells (Tregs). This study evaluates the level of Tregs in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and the effect of Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) on Treg levels, ... ...

Abstract	The key cell population permits cancer cells to avoid immune-surveillance is regulatory T cells (Tregs). This study evaluates the level of Tregs in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and the effect of Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) on Treg levels, as a pathway to understand the immune response and behavior among advance stage and optimal response CML patients using imatinib therapy. Blood samples were collected from 30 CML patients (optimal response to TKI), 30 CML patients (failure response to TKI), and 30 age- and gender-matched controls. Analysis involved measuring percentages of Tregs (CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 +) by flow cytometer and demethylation levels of FOXP3 Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) by PCR. The data revealed that Tregs and the FOXP3-TSDR demethylation percentages significantly increased in failure response group in comparison to the optimal response and control groups, while no significant difference between optimal response and control groups. Tregs and FOXP3 TSDR demethylation percentages showed high sensitivity and specificity, suggesting powerful discriminatory biomarkers between failure and optimal groups. An assessment of the Tregs and demethylation percentage among different BCR-ABL levels of CML patients on TKI revealed no significant differences in parameter percentage in the optimal response to TKI patients with different molecular responses (log 3 reduction or other deeper log 4.5 and 5 reduction levels). Our findings demonstrate an effective role of functional Tregs among different CML stages. Also, the study suggests that the major molecular response to therapy at level 0.1% of BCR-ABL transcript could be enough to induce immune system restoration in patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Methylation ; Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; FOXP3 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	186560-2
ISSN	1432-1211 ; 0093-7711
ISSN (online)	1432-1211
ISSN	0093-7711
DOI	10.1007/s00251-022-01291-4
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Article: Use of Escitalopram for pseudobulbar affect following severe traumatic.

Amir Malik, Muhammad Faisal / Jafri, Mahmood Ali Khan / Nizami, Asad Tamizuddin

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2022 Volume 73, Issue 2, Page(s) 416–418

Abstract: Those who have suffered from traumatic brain injury (TBI) often develop behavioural, affective, and cognitive complications. Some might experience episodes of involuntary and/or exaggerated laughter and crying. This condition is commonly known as ' ... ...

Abstract	Those who have suffered from traumatic brain injury (TBI) often develop behavioural, affective, and cognitive complications. Some might experience episodes of involuntary and/or exaggerated laughter and crying. This condition is commonly known as 'pseudobulbar affect'(PBA) and leads to anger, frustration, and social disability. This case report presents the use of low-dose Escitalopram in an individual suffering from agitation and PBA following severe TBI (sTBI). It emphasises the importance of adopting a holistic approach in the treatment of such individuals with appropriate attention paid to factors such as cognitive and behavioural impairment, and caregiver distress.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Anger ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/drug therapy ; Crying ; Escitalopram
Chemical Substances	Escitalopram (4O4S742ANY)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-31
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA.5528
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