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Article ; Online: Exploring vegetation trends and restoration possibilities in Pakistan by using Hurst exponent.

Ahmad, Adeel / Zhang, Jiahua / Bashir, Barjeece / Mahmood, Kashif / Mumtaz, Faisal

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023 Volume 30, Issue 40, Page(s) 91915–91928

Abstract: Vegetation cover change and its interaction with climate are significant to study as it has impact on ecosystem stability. We used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and climatic factors (temperature and rainfall) for investigating the ... ...

Abstract	Vegetation cover change and its interaction with climate are significant to study as it has impact on ecosystem stability. We used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and climatic factors (temperature and rainfall) for investigating the relationship between vegetation and climate. We also traced spatiotemporal changes in the vegetation in Pakistan from 2000 to 2020; we used the Hurst exponent to estimate future vegetation trends in Pakistan. Our results show an increase in vegetation throughout Pakistan, and the Punjab Province is showing the highest significant vegetation trend at 88.51%. Our findings reveal that the response of vegetation to climate change varies by region and is influenced by local climatic conditions. However, the relationship between rainfall and annual NDVI is stronger than the temperature in the study area-Pakistan. The Hurst exponent value is above 0.5 in all four provinces, that is, the indication of consistent vegetation trends in the future. The highest values are observed in Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). In the Punjab Province, 88.41% of the area showed positive development, with forests in particular showing a significant positive effect on land use classes. On the other hand, the Sindh Province has the highest negative result at 2.87%, with urban areas showing the highest negative development. To sum up, the NDVI pattern and change attribute suggest vegetation restoration in Pakistan.
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Pakistan ; Climate Change ; Forests ; Temperature
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-28822-0
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Article: Mutating alfalfa

Wolabu, Tezera W / Mahmood, Kashif / Chen, Fang / Torres-Jerez, Ivone / Udvardi, Michael / Tadege, Million / Cong, Lili / Wang, Zengyu / Wen, Jiangqi

Frontiers in plant science

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1363182

Abstract: Alfalfa ( ...

Abstract	Alfalfa (
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2613694-6
ISSN	1664-462X
ISSN	1664-462X
DOI	10.3389/fpls.2024.1363182
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Article ; Online: Transcriptional Programs and Regulators Underlying Age-Dependent and Dark-Induced Senescence in

Mahmood, Kashif / Torres-Jerez, Ivone / Krom, Nick / Liu, Wei / Udvardi, Michael K

Cells

2022 Volume 11, Issue 9

Abstract: In forage crops, age-dependent and stress-induced senescence reduces forage yield and quality. Therefore, delaying leaf senescence may be a way to improve forage yield and quality as well as plant resilience to stresses. Here, we used RNA-sequencing to ... ...

Abstract	In forage crops, age-dependent and stress-induced senescence reduces forage yield and quality. Therefore, delaying leaf senescence may be a way to improve forage yield and quality as well as plant resilience to stresses. Here, we used RNA-sequencing to determine the molecular bases of age-dependent and dark-induced leaf senescence in
MeSH term(s)	Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Humans ; Medicago truncatula/genetics ; Medicago truncatula/metabolism ; Plant Leaves/genetics ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Plant Proteins ; Transcription Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells11091570
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Article ; Online: Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of alfalfa FLOWERING LOCUS Ta1 (MsFTa1) leads to delayed flowering time with improved forage biomass yield and quality.

Wolabu, Tezera W / Mahmood, Kashif / Jerez, Ivone Torres / Cong, Lili / Yun, Jianfei / Udvardi, Michael / Tadege, Million / Wang, Zengyu / Wen, Jiangqi

Plant biotechnology journal

2023 Volume 21, Issue 7, Page(s) 1383–1392

Abstract: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family that is widely cultivated as a forage crop for its high yield, forage quality and related agricultural and economic benefits. Alfalfa is a photoperiod sensitive long-day (LD) ...

Abstract	Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family that is widely cultivated as a forage crop for its high yield, forage quality and related agricultural and economic benefits. Alfalfa is a photoperiod sensitive long-day (LD) plant that can accomplish its vegetative and reproductive phases in a short period of time. However, rapid flowering can compromise forage biomass yield and quality. Here, we attempted to delay flowering in alfalfa using multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of FLOWERING LOCUS Ta1 (MsFTa1), a key floral integrator and activator gene. Four guide RNAs (gRNAs) were designed and clustered in a polycistronic tRNA-gRNA system and introduced into alfalfa by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Ninety-six putative mutant lines were identified by gene sequencing and characterized for delayed flowering time and related desirable agronomic traits. Phenotype assessment of flowering time under LD conditions identified 22 independent mutant lines with delayed flowering compared to the control. Six independent Msfta1 lines containing mutations in all four copies of MsFTa1 accumulated significantly higher forage biomass yield, with increases of up to 78% in fresh weight and 76% in dry weight compared to controls. Depending on the harvesting schemes, many of these lines also had reduced lignin, acid detergent fibre (ADF) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content and significantly higher crude protein (CP) and mineral contents compared to control plants, especially in the stems. These CRISPR/Cas9-edited Msfta1 mutants could be introduced in alfalfa breeding programmes to generate elite transgene-free alfalfa cultivars with improved forage biomass yield and quality.
MeSH term(s)	Biomass ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics ; Detergents ; Medicago sativa/genetics ; Mutagenesis ; Plant Breeding ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Detergents ; Plant Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2136367-5
ISSN	1467-7652 ; 1467-7652
ISSN (online)	1467-7652
ISSN	1467-7652
DOI	10.1111/pbi.14042
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Article ; Online: ROS Induces Anthocyanin Production Via Late Biosynthetic Genes and Anthocyanin Deficiency Confers the Hypersensitivity to ROS-Generating Stresses in Arabidopsis.

Xu, Zhenhua / Mahmood, Kashif / Rothstein, Steven J

Plant & cell physiology

2017 Volume 58, Issue 8, Page(s) 1364–1377

Abstract: Anthocyanins are known to have antioxidant activities. Their accumulation can be triggered by many chemical and environmental factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the mechanism of ROS-induced anthocyanin accumulation and the role of ...

Abstract	Anthocyanins are known to have antioxidant activities. Their accumulation can be triggered by many chemical and environmental factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the mechanism of ROS-induced anthocyanin accumulation and the role of anthocyanins in the response of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to different stresses are largely unknown. Here, we study the cross-regulation between ROS and anthocyanin production. Ten Arabidopsis mutants covering the main anthocyanin regulatory and biosynthetic genes are systematically analyzed under ROS-generating stresses. We find that ROS triggers anthocyanin accumulation by up-regulating the anthocyanin late biosynthetic and the corresponding regulatory genes. The anthocyanin-deficient mutants have more endogenous ROS and are more sensitive to ROS-generating stresses while having decreased antioxidant capacity. Supplementation with cyanidin makes them less susceptible to ROS, with increased anthocyanin and reduced ROS accumulation. In contrast, pap1-D, which overaccumulates anthocyanins, shows the opposite responses. Gene expression analysis reveals that photosynthetic capacity is more impaired in anthocyanin-deficient mutants under high-light stress. Expression levels of ROS-scavenging enzyme genes are not correlated with the radical-scavenging activity in different mutants. We conclude that ROS are an important source signal to induce anthocyanin accumulation by up-regulating late biosynthetic and the corresponding regulatory genes and, as a feed-back regulation, anthocyanins modulate the ROS level and the sensitivity to ROS-generating stresses in maintaining photosynthetic capacity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-01
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208907-5
ISSN	1471-9053 ; 0032-0781
ISSN (online)	1471-9053
ISSN	0032-0781
DOI	10.1093/pcp/pcx073
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Article ; Online: Enablers Supporting the Implementation of Knowledge Management in the Healthcare of Pakistan.

Karamat, Jawad / Shurong, Tong / Ahmad, Naveed / Waheed, Abdul / Mahmood, Kashif

International journal of environmental research and public health

2018 Volume 15, Issue 12

Abstract: Knowledge is considered to be an important resource; it is the source of competitive advantage. However, if knowledge is managed well with Knowledge Management (KM), then it becomes a source for sustainable competitive advantage for organizations. If KM ... ...

Abstract	Knowledge is considered to be an important resource; it is the source of competitive advantage. However, if knowledge is managed well with Knowledge Management (KM), then it becomes a source for sustainable competitive advantage for organizations. If KM is implemented in an organization, it would improve the organizational competitiveness, performance, and productivity, and facilitate the efficient use of resources. Due to intense competition in the global market, many organizations are moving towards the adoption of KM. The healthcare sectors of many developed countries have moved towards the implementation of KM because it can improve the procuring of knowledge from ongoing activities by the effective use of data repositories. Developing countries have now realized the potential and benefits of KM adoption. Pakistan is one of the developing countries that have recently shown an inclination towards the adoption of KM in its healthcare sector to improve performance of its healthcare. This study was composed of two main research phases. Firstly, the enablers of KM were reviewed from earlier studies. Secondly, interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and MICMAC (Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification) techniques were used to show the interrelationships between KM enablers and driving and dependence power of each enabler. The application of ISM and MICMAC technique shows that policy incentive, long-term strategic planning, Information Technology (IT), and alignment of KM efforts with business strategy are the main enablers of KM adoption in the healthcare of Pakistan. Focusing on the identified enablers will help in the implementation of KM. Policy incentives can work as a catalyst to promote KM adoption in the healthcare of Pakistan.
MeSH term(s)	Delivery of Health Care/methods ; Delivery of Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Knowledge Management ; Pakistan
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph15122816
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Article ; Online: Promoting Healthcare Sustainability in Developing Countries: Analysis of Knowledge Management Drivers in Public and Private Hospitals of Pakistan.

Karamat, Jawad / Shurong, Tong / Ahmad, Naveed / Afridi, Sana / Khan, Shahbaz / Mahmood, Kashif

International journal of environmental research and public health

2019 Volume 16, Issue 3

Abstract: Investing in a sustainable future has no alternative; the healthcare sector in developing countries has failed to achieve sustainability objectives. Knowledge management (KM) is a concrete application of sustainability in healthcare, as organizations ( ... ...

Abstract	Investing in a sustainable future has no alternative; the healthcare sector in developing countries has failed to achieve sustainability objectives. Knowledge management (KM) is a concrete application of sustainability in healthcare, as organizations (hospitals) that manage their knowledge assets will gain sustainable competitive advantage. Several organizations in developed countries are moving towards the adoption of knowledge management so that they can manage their knowledge well and improve their performance. Due to the effective implementation of KM in developed countries, developing countries are also considering adopting KM in their healthcare. In this study, an attempt has been made to identify the drivers of KM adoption in public and private hospitals of Pakistan. With the help of an extensive literature review and expert opinion, the drivers were identified and a hierarchical structure was developed. Nineteen drivers were identified and screened out by experts. The experts identified the contextual relationships between the drivers during a brainstorming session. The hierarchical model of the drivers for KM in the healthcare of Pakistan was eventually developed using interpretive structural modeling (ISM). The structure has 10 levels, in which "developed competitive advantage" formed the foundation of the structure and "job creation" and "improvement in the reputation of healthcare" formed the topmost level. The "Matrices d'Impacts Croises Multiplication Appliqué a un Classement" (MICMAC) analysis classified the drivers by categorizing them according to their driving and dependence powers. One driver is identified as autonomous, six drivers as dependent, seven drivers as linkage, and five drivers as independent. The analysis of KM drivers will provide a good understanding of the interdependence and interactions between them and support the effect adoption of KM in developing countries especially in Pakistan.
MeSH term(s)	Developing Countries ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Promotion ; Hospital Administration ; Hospitals/classification ; Humans ; Knowledge Management ; Models, Theoretical ; Pakistan ; Program Evaluation
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph16030508
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Conference proceedings ; Online: 5G Non-Public-Networks (NPN) Roaming Architecture

Corici, Marius-Iulian / Chakrabourty, Pousaly / Magedanz, Thomas / Gomes, Andre S. / Cordeiro, Luis / Mahmood, Kashif

Fraunhofer FOKUS

2021

Abstract: With the increasing deployment of 5G Non-public Networks, the telco environment is becoming massively multi-administrated with a wide range of full networks deployed close and covering only the use case area. To benefit the most of this, a roaming ... ...

Abstract	With the increasing deployment of 5G Non-public Networks, the telco environment is becoming massively multi-administrated with a wide range of full networks deployed close and covering only the use case area. To benefit the most of this, a roaming solution must be set in place enabling devices to safely communicate using visited infrastructures either with local service or with the ones from the home networks. As a first step in this direction, this article proposes a new architecture for Non-public Networks roaming, stemming from the 3GPP 5G macro-operator roaming and adapted to the specifics of the communication for geographically-distant, small networks interconnected by third party unreliable backhauls. Furthermore, the architecture is exemplified, and its potential is evaluated as further extensions to the Fraunhofer FOKUS Open5GCore, showing that it outperforms today’s roaming solution in terms of flexibility and privacy of deployment, backhaul usage and reduced network administration.
Keywords	5G ; Non-Public-Networks ; roaming
Subject code	303
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Sectors, Beams and Environmental Impact on the Performance of Commercial 5G mmWave Cells

Mohebi, Salman / Michelinakis, Foivos / Elmokashfi, Ahmed / Grøndalen, Ole / Mahmood, Kashif / Zanella, Andrea

an Empirical Study

2021

Abstract: While the performance of mmWave links has been thoroughly investigated by simulations or testbeds, the behavior of this technology in real-world commercial setups has not yet been thoroughly documented. In this paper, we address this gap and present the ... ...

Abstract	While the performance of mmWave links has been thoroughly investigated by simulations or testbeds, the behavior of this technology in real-world commercial setups has not yet been thoroughly documented. In this paper, we address this gap and present the results of an empirical study to determine the actual performance of a commercial 5G mmWave cell through on-field measurements. We evaluate the signal and beam coverage map of an operational network as well as the end-to-end communication performance of a 5G mmWave connection, considering various scenarios, including human body blockage effects, foliage-caused and rain-induced attenuation, and water surface effects. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to report on a commercial deployment while not treating the radio as a black box. Measurement results are compared with 3GPP's statistical channel models for mmWave to check the possible gaps between simulated and actual performance. This measurement analysis provides valuable information for researchers and 5G verticals to fully understand how a 5G mmWave commercial access network operates in real-world, under various operational conditions, with buildings, humans, trees, water surfaces, etc. Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables
Keywords	Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Subject code	690
Publishing date	2021-04-13
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Conference proceedings ; Online: 5G Non-Public-Networks (NPN) Roaming Architecture

Corici, Marius-Iulian / Chakrabourty, Pousaly / Magedanz, Thomas / Gomes, Andre S. / Cordeiro, Luis / Mahmood, Kashif

2021

Abstract: 5 S. ... With the increasing deployment of 5G Non-public Networks, the telco environment is becoming massively multi-administrated with a wide range of full networks deployed close and covering only the use case area. To benefit the most of this, a roaming ...

Abstract	5 S. With the increasing deployment of 5G Non-public Networks, the telco environment is becoming massively multi-administrated with a wide range of full networks deployed close and covering only the use case area. To benefit the most of this, a roaming solution must be set in place enabling devices to safely communicate using visited infrastructures either with local service or with the ones from the home networks. As a first step in this direction, this article proposes a new architecture for Non-public Networks roaming, stemming from the 3GPP 5G macro-operator roaming and adapted to the specifics of the communication for geographically-distant, small networks interconnected by third party unreliable backhauls. Furthermore, the architecture is exemplified, and its potential is evaluated as further extensions to the Fraunhofer FOKUS Open5GCore, showing that it outperforms today's roaming solution in terms of flexibility and privacy of deployment, backhaul usage and reduced network administration.
Keywords	5G ; Non-Public-Networks ; roaming ; 004
Subject code	303
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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