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Article ; Online: Prioritising health: cost and tuberculosis elimination in high-burden, resource-limited settings.

Safdar, Nauman / Malik, Amyn A

2023 Volume 11, Issue 8, Page(s) e1142–e1143

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Resource-Limited Settings ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2723488-5
ISSN	2214-109X ; 2214-109X
ISSN (online)	2214-109X
ISSN	2214-109X
DOI	10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00301-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Investing in drug-resistant tuberculosis household contact management and preventive treatment.

Hussain, Hamidah / Malik, Amyn A

The Lancet. Global health

2022 Volume 10, Issue 7, Page(s) e942–e943

MeSH term(s)	Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Antitubercular Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2723488-5
ISSN	2214-109X ; 2214-109X
ISSN (online)	2214-109X
ISSN	2214-109X
DOI	10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00200-5
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Article ; Online: Presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in hospitalized Covid-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan-A cross-sectional study.

Bhatti, Faryal S / Malik, Amyn A / Malik, Adeel A

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) e0265865

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in hospitalized Covid-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital in the metropolitan city of Lahore, Pakistan from September 2020 till July 2021.: Methods: ... ...

Abstract	Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in hospitalized Covid-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital in the metropolitan city of Lahore, Pakistan from September 2020 till July 2021. Methods: We retrospectively collected data of Covid-19 patients hospitalized from September 2020 till July 2021. Only those patients who tested PCR positive through a nasopharyngeal swab, were enrolled in the study. Patients' whose data were missing were excluded from this study. Our exclusion criteria included patients who tested negative on Covid-19 PCR, patients with comorbidities that may cause enlarged mediastinal lymphadenopathies such as haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, neoplasia, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis or a systemic disease. The extent of lung involvement in Covid-19 patients was quantified by using a 25-point visual quantitative assessment called the Chest Computed Tomography Score. This score was then correlated with the presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Findings: Of the 210 hospitalized patients included in the study, 131 (62.4%) had mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The mean and median Severity Score of Covid-19 patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy (mean: 17.1, SD:5.7; median: 17, IQR: 13-23) were higher as compared to those without mediastinal lymphadenopathy (mean: 12.3, SD:5.4; median: 12, IQR:9-16). Interpretation: Our study documents a high prevalence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 with the severity score being higher in its presence representing a more severe course of disease.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Pakistan/epidemiology ; Tertiary Care Centers ; COVID-19/complications ; Lymphadenopathy ; Mediastinal Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0265865
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Article ; Online: Attitudes towards Monkeypox vaccination and predictors of vaccination intentions among the US general public.

Winters, Maike / Malik, Amyn A / Omer, Saad B

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 12, Page(s) e0278622

Abstract: Amidst an unprecedented Monkeypox outbreak, we aimed to measure knowledge, attitudes, practices and Monkeypox vaccination intentions among the U.S. adult population. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey, representative of the U.S. adult general ... ...

Abstract	Amidst an unprecedented Monkeypox outbreak, we aimed to measure knowledge, attitudes, practices and Monkeypox vaccination intentions among the U.S. adult population. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey, representative of the U.S. adult general public in June 2022. We asked participants whether they would receive a Monkeypox vaccine, if they were recommended to do so. Participants also answered questions on their self-assessed level of Monkeypox knowledge, risk perception, perceived exaggeration of the threat, and self-efficacy around Monkeypox. Furthermore, we asked about their trusted sources of information, COVID-19 vaccination status and administered the 6-item Vaccine Trust Indicator (VTI). Survey weights were created based on age, gender and race. We analyzed predictors of Monkeypox vaccination intentions using logistic regression, adjusted for education, age, race and ethnicity. A total of 856 respondents completed the survey, of which 51% (n = 436) were female and 41% (n = 348) had a college degree or higher. If recommended, 46% of respondents intended to get vaccinated against Monkeypox, 29% would not get vaccinated and 25% did not know. Almost half the respondents (47%) found their own knowledge level about Monkeypox poor or very poor. The most trusted sources of information about the outbreak were healthcare professionals and officials, but also known doctors and researchers with a large online following. Only 24% indicated that the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention should be in charge of the outbreak response. Being vaccinated against COVID-19 was a strong predictor of intention to receive a Monkeypox if recommended (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 29.2, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 13.1-65.3). Increased risk perception was positively associated with vaccination intentions (aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.8-3.6), scoring high on the VTI as well (5.4, 95% CI (3.2-9.1). The low levels of self-assessed knowledge, vaccination intentions and influence of COVID-19 vaccination status point to a lack of clear communication.
MeSH term(s)	United States/epidemiology ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Intention ; Smallpox Vaccine ; Mpox (monkeypox) ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Smallpox Vaccine ; COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0278622
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Article ; Online: Chronic kidney disease causes and outcomes in children: Perspective from a LMIC setting.

Amanullah, Farhana / Malik, Amyn A / Zaidi, Zafar

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) e0269632

Abstract: Background and objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) constitutes a major public health challenge, with a global prevalence of 15-74.7 cases /million children. Preventing CKD in children, slowing its progression and management of complications are ... ...

Abstract	Background and objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) constitutes a major public health challenge, with a global prevalence of 15-74.7 cases /million children. Preventing CKD in children, slowing its progression and management of complications are essential, especially in challenged health systems in low middle income countries (LMIC). We conducted a retrospective review to assess the underlying cause and stage of CKD at presentation and clinical outcomes in children and adolescents at the Indus Hospital and Health Network (IHHN) in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: Children 0-16 years with CKD stage 1 and/or higher at presentation were included. Data including demographics, clinical status and lab results at presentation and during follow-up, surgical intervention if any, kidney function at last visit and outcome at last follow-up was recorded. Results: A total of 229 children diagnosed with CKD are included in our study. The median age at diagnosis was 10 years with male: female ratio of 1.8:1. Only 5% children presented in stage 1 CKD. The rate of adverse outcomes is 4.5 times higher in children with CKD stage 3-5 compared to early CKD. Congenital anomaly of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) was the underlying cause in 49% children. Children with glomerular disease had comparatively worse outcome. Proteinuria, hypertension, anemia and bone disease were associated with high morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: The true epidemiology of childhood CKD is unknown in Pakistan. Our cohort showed better CKD outcomes in children diagnosed early with appropriate surgical and medical follow-up. Prompt diagnosis, treatment and prevention of progression can be life-saving in our setting. CKD registry data can inform policy changes that can prevent poor outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Developing Countries ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Kidney ; Male ; Proteinuria/complications ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0269632
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Article ; Online: Improving Tuberculosis Case Detection in Children: Summary of Innovations and Findings From 18 Countries.

Rahman, Md Toufiq / Malik, Amyn A / Amanullah, Farhana / Creswell, Jacob

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

2022 Volume 11, Issue Supplement_3, Page(s) S117–S124

Abstract: Despite a growing focus on the plight of tuberculosis (TB) among children, 56% of the 1.2 million children who develop TB annually are not detected and notified. TB REACH is a platform of the Stop TB Partnership that supports innovative interventions to ... ...

Abstract	Despite a growing focus on the plight of tuberculosis (TB) among children, 56% of the 1.2 million children who develop TB annually are not detected and notified. TB REACH is a platform of the Stop TB Partnership that supports innovative interventions to improve TB case detection and preventative treatment. We present summary findings from 27 TB REACH-supported projects in 18 countries. Interventions were designed around intensified case-finding approaches (facility-based systematic screening and contact investigation), capacity building (including decentralized care delivery and supported decision-making), and improving diagnostic methods (ie, introduction of alternative respiratory specimens and new tools to aid the diagnosis). These interventions were evaluated on how they worked to identify children with TB, prevent further transmission of TB among children, and strengthen the health system involved with childhood TB care. Overall, 13 715 children were detected with TB, improving case notifications by 34%. In addition, nearly 5000 eligible contacts were enrolled on TB preventive treatment through these interventions. Focusing efforts and funding on childhood TB can produce marked improvements in case detection.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Contact Tracing/methods ; Mass Screening/methods ; Delivery of Health Care ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2668791-4
ISSN	2048-7207 ; 2048-7193
ISSN (online)	2048-7207
ISSN	2048-7193
DOI	10.1093/jpids/piac093
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Article ; Online: Holistic Approach to Tuberculosis Detection, Treatment and Prevention: Emerging Evidence and Strategies from the Field.

Zafar Ullah, Abu Naser / Shrestha, Sourya / Malik, Amyn A / Roy, Tapash

Tropical medicine and infectious disease

2022 Volume 7, Issue 3

Abstract: The global fight against tuberculosis (TB) has gained momentum since the adoption of the 'End TB Strategy' in 2014 [ ... ]. ...

Abstract	The global fight against tuberculosis (TB) has gained momentum since the adoption of the 'End TB Strategy' in 2014 [...].
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	2414-6366
ISSN (online)	2414-6366
DOI	10.3390/tropicalmed7030036
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Article ; Online: Ringing the alarm bell: Time to scale up drug-resistant tuberculosis preventive treatment.

Malik, Amyn A / Becerra, Mercedes C / Hussain, Hamidah

EClinicalMedicine

2021 Volume 34, Page(s) 100821

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-5370
ISSN (online)	2589-5370
DOI	10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100821
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Article ; Online: Being an early career public health professional during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Malik, Amyn A / Crookes, Danielle M / Sundaram, Maria

Lancet Regional Health. Americas

2021 Volume 4, Page(s) 100087

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2667-193X
ISSN (online)	2667-193X
DOI	10.1016/j.lana.2021.100087
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Article ; Online: Overcoming Vaccine Hesitancy for Future COVID-19 and HIV Vaccines: Lessons from Measles and HPV Vaccines.

Aguolu, Obianuju G / Malik, Amyn A / Ahmed, Noureen / Omer, Saad B

Current HIV/AIDS reports

2022 Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) 328–343

Abstract: Background: The discovery of vaccines significantly reduced morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases and led to the elimination and eradication of some. Development of safe and effective vaccines is a critical step to the control of infectious ... ...

Abstract	Background: The discovery of vaccines significantly reduced morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases and led to the elimination and eradication of some. Development of safe and effective vaccines is a critical step to the control of infectious diseases; however, there is the need to address vaccine hesitancy because of its potential impact on vaccine uptake. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of studies on interventions to address measles and human papillomavirus vaccine hesitancy. We discussed how lessons learned from these studies could be applied towards COVID-19 and future human immunodeficiency virus vaccines. Results: We found that there are several successful approaches to improving vaccine acceptance. Interventions should be context specific and build on the challenges highlighted in various settings. Conclusion: Strategies could be used alone or in combination with others. The most successful interventions directly targeted the population for vaccination. Use of financial incentives could be a potential tool to improve vaccine uptake.
MeSH term(s)	AIDS Vaccines ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Humans ; Measles ; Papillomavirus Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Vaccination Hesitancy
Chemical Substances	AIDS Vaccines ; Papillomavirus Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2151206-1
ISSN	1548-3576 ; 1548-3568
ISSN (online)	1548-3576
ISSN	1548-3568
DOI	10.1007/s11904-022-00622-0
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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