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  1. Article ; Online: Induction of abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy using letrozole and misoprostol combination versus misoprostol alone - A comparative observational study

    Swarnali Biswas / Mallika Sengupta / Debdatta Ghosh / Rajesh De

    Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 94-

    2024  Volume 101

    Abstract: Background: Medical abortion is safer than surgical abortion. Several studies have shown that combination of antiprogesterone drug mifepristone and prostaglandin misoprostol can increase complete abortion rate in medical management of first-trimester ... ...

    Abstract Background: Medical abortion is safer than surgical abortion. Several studies have shown that combination of antiprogesterone drug mifepristone and prostaglandin misoprostol can increase complete abortion rate in medical management of first-trimester miscarriage compared to misoprostol alone. Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, has emerged as an alternative to mifepristone for induction of medical abortion as mifepristone is expensive and not registered in many countries. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of combined regimen of letrozole and misoprostol in first-trimester medical abortion compared to misoprostol alone. Materials and Methods: It was a comparative observational study conducted at R. G. Kar Medical College, a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal, India. The study population was the antenatal mothers booked at antenatal clinic willing for termination of pregnancy at <12 weeks of gestational age. Participants were allocated, 39 in each group in a non-randomized manner. Patients in one group (Group A) were posted for medical abortion with combination regimen of tablet letrozole (10 mg) once daily for 3 days followed by application of tablet misoprostol 800 mcg sublingually on day 4. In other group (Group B), patients were on misoprostol-only regimen with the application of tablet misoprostol 800 mcg sublingually. Results: Induction-abortion time was significantly less in the letrozole group (11±0.79 h) than the misoprostol group (13.23±0.81 h), P=0.0001. Complete abortion rate was significantly higher in the letrozole group compared to misoprostol group (84.62% and 64.10%, respectively, P=0.03). 15.38% patients in the letrozole group and 35.90% patients in the misoprostol group had excessive vaginal bleeding and the difference was statistically significant, P=0.03. The duration of vaginal bleeding was also significantly less in the letrozole group (2.45±0.29 days) than the misoprostol group (2.82±0.37 days), P<0.0001. Incidence of ...
    Keywords induction of abortion ; letrozole and misoprostol ; gestational age ; mifepristone ; antenatal mothers ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Obstetric and neonatal outcome of COVID-19 positive mothers

    Sujoy Biswas / Mallika Sengupta / Mandira Roy / Rajesh De

    Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 14, Iss 11, Pp 9-

    A retrospective cohort study in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal

    2023  Volume 15

    Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease was declared a global pandemic by WHO in March 2020 and since then several reports on obstetric and neonatal outcomes due to COVID-19 infection in pregnancy are showing varying results from different corners of the world. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease was declared a global pandemic by WHO in March 2020 and since then several reports on obstetric and neonatal outcomes due to COVID-19 infection in pregnancy are showing varying results from different corners of the world. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical course of the disease in pregnancy and evaluation of maternal and neonatal outcomes. The secondary objective was to compare the obstetric and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19-positive mothers and COVID-19-negative mothers admitted in the same time frame. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study we included 155 COVID-positive and 310 COVID-negative pregnant women, from May 2020 to December 2020 admitted at our tertiary care hospital in West Bengal, India. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared in both groups. Results: Most of the COVID-positive pregnant women were asymptomatic (38%), 45.8% of patients had mild symptoms like fever and cough and only 1.9% of mothers developed severe pneumonia. Pregnancy complications like abortion, stillbirth, intrauterine fetal death, antepartum haemorrhage, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus were similar in both groups (P>0.05) but significantly increased incidence of preterm labor and delivery of the low-birth-weight baby was found in the COVID-positive group (P<0.05). Number of neonates with low birth weight (<2.5 kg) was significantly higher in the COVID-positive group than in COVID negative group (28% vs. 16.7%, P<0.05). Need for neonatal intensive care unit admission was similar in both groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Significantly increased incidence of preterm labor and delivery of the low-birth-weight baby was found in the COVID positive mothers without any evidence of mother-to-child vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
    Keywords covid 19 infection ; retrospective cohort ; pregnant women ; obstetric and neonatal outcome ; preterm labour ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Vancomycin and Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates from a Tertiary Care Center in India

    Mallika Sengupta / Riya Sarkar / Soma Sarkar / Manideepa Sengupta / Sougata Ghosh / Parthajit Banerjee

    Diagnostics, Vol 13, Iss 945, p

    2023  Volume 945

    Abstract: Introduction: There is increasing development of antibiotic resistance among the Enterococcus species. Objectives: This study was performed to determine prevalence and characterize the vancomycin-resistant and linezolid-resistant enterococcus isolates ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: There is increasing development of antibiotic resistance among the Enterococcus species. Objectives: This study was performed to determine prevalence and characterize the vancomycin-resistant and linezolid-resistant enterococcus isolates from a tertiary care center. Moreover, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these isolates was also determined. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was performed in Medical College, Kolkata, India, over a period of two years (from January 2018 to December 2019). After obtaining clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee, Enterococcus isolates from various samples were included in the present investigation. In addition to the various conventional biochemical tests, the VITEK 2 Compact system was used to identify the Enterococcus species. The isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to different antibiotics using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and VITEK 2 Compact to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2017 guidelines were used to interpret susceptibility. Multiplex PCR was performed for genetic characterization of the vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolates and sequencing was performed for characterization of the linezolid-resistant Enterococcus isolates. Results: During the period of two years, 371 isolates of Enterococcus spp. were obtained from 4934 clinical isolates showing a prevalence of 7.52%. Among these isolates, 239 (64.42%) were Enterococcus faecalis , 114 (30.72%) Enterococcus faecium , and others were Enterococcus durans , Enterococcus casseliflavus , Enterococcus gallinarum , and Enterococcus avium . Among these, 24 (6.47%) were VRE (Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus) of which 18 isolates were Van A type and six isolates of Enterococcus casseliflavus and Enterococcus gallinarum were resistant VanC type. There were two linezolid-resistant Enterococcus, and they were found to have the G2576T mutation. Among the 371 isolates, 252 (67.92%) ...
    Keywords VRE ; LRE ; resistant ; Enterococcus ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Identification of Fosfomycin Heteroresistance Among Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Urinary Isolates

    Mallika Sengupta / Sayantan Banerjee / Tanoy K Sarker

    Recent Advances in Biology and Medicine, Vol 6, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 6

    Abstract: Fosfomycin is an orally bioavailable bactericidal agent which concentrates significantly in urine and is being increasingly prescribed for patients with Multidrug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MDRE) urinary isolates. According to the Clinical and ... ...

    Abstract Fosfomycin is an orally bioavailable bactericidal agent which concentrates significantly in urine and is being increasingly prescribed for patients with Multidrug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MDRE) urinary isolates. According to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), disc diffusion (DD) and agar dilution (AD) are the standards for fosfomycin susceptibility testing for urinary Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis isolates, whereas the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines suggest both AD and broth microdilution (BD), but not DD. A prospective study was done in the Department of Microbiology in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Kolkata. MDRE urinary isolates that were resistant to oral and third-generation cephalosporins, either ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin and either of cotrimoxazole or nitrofurantoin were included in the study and tested further for fosfomycin. DD was carried out on Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) supplemented with 25 μ/ml G6P with 50 and 200 μg discs. E-test was carried out on the same medium with drug concentrations ranging from 0.064 to 1024 μ/ml. Broth dilution was carried out on G6P supplemented Mueller Hinton broth with drug concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1024 μ/ml. A total of 723 urine samples were obtained in a 2-month period, which yielded 79 Enterobacteriaceae, out of which 30 were MDRE. About 26 (86.67%) of these isolates were susceptible to fosfomycin by CLSI criteria and 25 (83.33%) by EUCAST criteria for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by E-test and broth dilution. Only 4 (13.33%) were resistant to fosfomycin by DD. However, heteroresistant colonies were found among 21 (70%) isolates by E-test. None of these were picked up by DD or BD. The MIC of fosfomycin was between 0.25 and 512 μ/ml. These heteroresistant colonies when further subjected to E-test and BD showed resistance with MIC ≥512 μg/ml, depicting prevalence of heteroresistance. E-test can be used as a simple and effective screening method for identifying the fosfomycin heteroresistance and in turn changing the myth of the so high susceptibility rates among MDRE.
    Keywords fosfomycin ; heteroresistant ; mic ; multidrug resistant bacteria ; uti ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher HATASO
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Beta-lactamase Profile and Biofilm Production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolkata, India

    SOMA SARKAR / SHANTA DUTTA / ANJUM NAMHATA / CHAYANIKA BANERJEE / MALLIKA SENGUPTA / MANIDEEPA SENGUPTA

    Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 14, Iss 10, Pp DC22-DC

    2020  Volume 27

    Abstract: Introduction: Nosocomial infections caused by Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) have become a major clinical and public health concern. Moreover, the biofilm production protects the bacteria from antibiotics and thereby ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Nosocomial infections caused by Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) have become a major clinical and public health concern. Moreover, the biofilm production protects the bacteria from antibiotics and thereby makes the drugs ineffective. Aim: To find out the β-lactamases profile of antimicrobial resistance and biofilm production of P. aeruginosa isolated from different clinical specimens of patients attending a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Materials and Methods: A total of 394 consecutive, nonduplicate isolates of P. aeruginosa were identified from 3559 Gram negative bacilli over a period of two years from July 2016 to June 2018. Identification of the isolates and antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed by using automated method and interpreted. Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs), Amp-C β-lactamase (AmpC) and Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBLs) were phenotypically detected by disk synergy test and MBLencoding genes were detected by multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Biofilm production was done by tissue culture plate assay. Laboratory data and test results were statistically analysed in counts and percentages using MS Excel 2010 version. Results: Out of 394 strains of P. aeruginosa 288 (73.10%) were isolated from male patients whereas 106 (26.90%) were isolated from female patients. Maximum number of cases (67.26%) were from adult populations. The resistance pattern showed 72.33% resistance to ticarcillin-clavulanic acid followed by ciprofloxacin (53.80%), levofloxacin (50.25%), gentamicin (51.52%), ceftazidime (CAZ) (45.93%), cefoperazone-sulbactam (40.1%), aztreonam (34.77%), imipenem (33.5%), piperacillin/ tazobactum (30.96%) and Meropenem (MRP) (29.18%). Out of 394 Pseudomonas spp. isolates, 204 (51.77%) were MDR. Overall, ESBLs, AmpC and carbapenemase (MBL) production was detected in 145 (36.80%), 51 (12.94%) and 49 (12.43%) isolates by phenotypic methods. By genotypic method 53.34% were carbapenemase producing and blaNDM-1 ...
    Keywords extended spectrum β-lactamases ; exopolysaccharide matrix ; gram negative bacteria ; metallo-β-lactamases ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Outstanding Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Neonatal Omphalitis

    Mallika Sengupta / Sayantan Banerjee / Pritam Banerjee / Partha Guchhait

    Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 10, Iss 9, Pp DM01-DM

    2016  Volume 03

    Abstract: Introduction: Omphalitis is the infection of the umbilical cord stump, which can lead to septicaemia and significant neonatal morbidity and mortality. Very little data is available on the aetiology of neonatal omphalitis in India. Aim: To identify the ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Omphalitis is the infection of the umbilical cord stump, which can lead to septicaemia and significant neonatal morbidity and mortality. Very little data is available on the aetiology of neonatal omphalitis in India. Aim: To identify the causative agents of omphalitis in neonates and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted at ESI-PGIMSR and ESIC Medical College, Joka, a tertiary care teaching hospital in Eastern India for a period of four months (from 1st January 2016 to 30th April 2016). Neonates were screened for omphalitis on the basis of presence of pus and redness for inclusion. Clinical examination, Gram stain and culture of umbilical discharge, identification of organisms by biochemical tests and VITEK 2 Compact (bioMereiux Inc., France) was done. Antimicrobial susceptibility by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and E-strip agar diffusion method (for vancomycin and teicoplanin) were performed and interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines version 2015. Results: A total of 623 neonates were screened, among whom 21 (3.37%) were positive for our screening criteria for omphalitis. Cultures from the exudates of those cases yielded growth of Staphylococcus aureus in 19 (90.47%) samples, all of which were found to be methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Resistance to erythromycin was seen among 36.82% isolates and inducible clindamycin resistance was seen among 31.57% isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: MRSA can be the most common cause of omphalitis. However, this finding needs to be evaluated in larger prospective studies.
    Keywords newborn ; resistance ; umbilical discharge ; umbilicus ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Corynebacterium amycolatum

    Mallika Sengupta / P. Naina / V. Balaji / Shalini Anandan

    Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 9, Iss 12, Pp DD01-DD

    An Unexpected Pathogen in the Ear

    2015  Volume 03

    Abstract: Non-diphtheritic Corynebacteria are now being increasingly recognised as the causative agents of various infections. Among these organisms, Corynebacterium amycolatum is the most frequently isolated one. It has been isolated from urine, pus, catheter ... ...

    Abstract Non-diphtheritic Corynebacteria are now being increasingly recognised as the causative agents of various infections. Among these organisms, Corynebacterium amycolatum is the most frequently isolated one. It has been isolated from urine, pus, catheter tips, blood, prostatic secretion, cerebrospinal fluid and sputum. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports on its role in ear infections. Here, we present 12 cases of ear infection with C.amycolatum. A high index of suspicion is necessary for identification of these gram positive bacilli as they resemble other Corynebacterium species on gram stain. They have metachromatic granules which can be demonstrated by Albert’s stain and form characteristic dry, flat colonies on blood agar. These organisms are frequently resistant to ceftriaxone and imipenem. In our study, among the 12 isolates, eight isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone and four to imipenem and two were intermediately susceptible to ceftriaxone although all the 12 strains were uniformly susceptible to vancomycin. All the isolates were negative for toxA and toxB genes by PCR. Genomic sequencing of two isolates confirmed them as C.amycolatum. C.amycolatum is a relatively rare cause of pyogenic ear infections. As it demonstrates more antibiotic resistance than other similar organisms, careful identification with antibiotic susceptibility testing is required in managing these infections.
    Keywords diphtheroids ; ear infection ; resistance ; toxa and toxb genes ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Scrub Typhus Seroprevalence in Healthy Indian Population

    Mallika Sengupta / Shalini Anandan / Dolly Daniel / John Antony Jude Prakash

    Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 9, Iss 10, Pp DM01-DM

    2015  Volume 02

    Abstract: Scrub typhus, a zoonosis caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is an important cause of acute febrile illness in India. This preliminary study determines the seroprevalence of scrub typhus in healthy Indian adults by measuring IgM and IgG antibodies to scrub ...

    Abstract Scrub typhus, a zoonosis caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is an important cause of acute febrile illness in India. This preliminary study determines the seroprevalence of scrub typhus in healthy Indian adults by measuring IgM and IgG antibodies to scrub typhus by ELISA in 100 healthy blood donors. Our study demonstrates a 15% seroprevalence of scrub typhus in adults. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings especially in children.
    Keywords antibody ; blood donor ; elisa ; orientia tsutsugamushi ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Early Onset Neonatal Septicaemia Caused by Pantoea agglomerans

    Mallika Sengupta / Sayantan Banerjee / Niloy Kumar Das / Partha Guchhait / Saheli Misra

    Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 10, Iss 5, Pp DD01-DD

    2016  Volume 02

    Abstract: Pantoea agglomerans is an opportunistic pathogen causing infection in the immunocompromised patients. It is a plant pathogen and a rare human pathogen causing neonatal sepsis, joint infection, urinary tract infection and bloodstream infections. Neonatal ... ...

    Abstract Pantoea agglomerans is an opportunistic pathogen causing infection in the immunocompromised patients. It is a plant pathogen and a rare human pathogen causing neonatal sepsis, joint infection, urinary tract infection and bloodstream infections. Neonatal Gram negative septicaemia may have an unusual presentation of subtle generalised neonatal seizures without any other cardinal features of sepsis. An appropriate diagnosis is therefore the key to proper management. P. agglomerans being an unusual cause of neonatal sepsis should be diagnosed early with proper antibiogram for clinical cure. Here, we report a case of neonatal sepsis caused by P. agglomerans in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India.
    Keywords c-reactive protein ; neonatal seizure ; thrombocytopenia ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Two Cases of Primary Ectopic Ovarian Pregnancy

    Sonia Gon / Bipasa Majumdar / Tanushree Ghosal / Mallika Sengupta

    Online Journal of Health & Allied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss

    2011  Volume 1

    Abstract: Primary ovarian pregnancy is one of the rarest varieties of ectopic pregnancies. Patients frequently present with abdominal pain and menstrual irregularities. Intrauterine devices have evolved as probable risk factors. Preoperative diagnosis is ... ...

    Abstract Primary ovarian pregnancy is one of the rarest varieties of ectopic pregnancies. Patients frequently present with abdominal pain and menstrual irregularities. Intrauterine devices have evolved as probable risk factors. Preoperative diagnosis is challenging but transvaginal sonography has often been helpful. A diagnostic delay may lead to rupture, secondary implantation or operative difficulties. Therefore, awareness of this rare condition is important in reducing the associated risks. Here, we report two cases of primary ovarian pregnancies presenting with acute abdominal pain. Transabdominal ultrasonography failed to hint at ovarian pregnancy in one, while transvaginal sonography aided in the correct diagnosis of the other. Both cases were confirmed by histopathological examinations and were successfully managed by surgery.
    Keywords Primary ; Ovarian ; Pregnancy ; Transvaginal Ultrasound ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Light House Polyclinic Mangalore
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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