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  1. Article ; Online: Conditioned preferences: Gated by experience, context, and endocrine systems.

    Monari, Patrick K / Hammond, Emma R / Zhao, Xin / Maksimoski, Alyse N / Petric, Radmila / Malone, Candice L / Riters, Lauren V / Marler, Catherine A

    Hormones and behavior

    2024  Volume 161, Page(s) 105529

    Abstract: Central to the navigation of an ever-changing environment is the ability to form positive associations with places and conspecifics. The functions of location and social conditioned preferences are often studied independently, limiting our understanding ... ...

    Abstract Central to the navigation of an ever-changing environment is the ability to form positive associations with places and conspecifics. The functions of location and social conditioned preferences are often studied independently, limiting our understanding of their interplay. Furthermore, a de-emphasis on natural functions of conditioned preferences has led to neurobiological interpretations separated from ecological context. By adopting a naturalistic and ethological perspective, we uncover complexities underlying the expression of conditioned preferences. Development of conditioned preferences is a combination of motivation, reward, associative learning, and context, including for social and spatial environments. Both social- and location-dependent reward-responsive behaviors and their conditioning rely on internal state-gating mechanisms that include neuroendocrine and hormone systems such as opioids, dopamine, testosterone, estradiol, and oxytocin. Such reinforced behavior emerges from mechanisms integrating past experience and current social and environmental conditions. Moreover, social context, environmental stimuli, and internal state gate and modulate motivation and learning via associative reward, shaping the conditioning process. We highlight research incorporating these concepts, focusing on the integration of social neuroendocrine mechanisms and behavioral conditioning. We explore three paradigms: 1) conditioned place preference, 2) conditioned social preference, and 3) social conditioned place preference. We highlight nonclassical species to emphasize the naturalistic applications of these conditioned preferences. To fully appreciate the complex integration of spatial and social information, future research must identify neural networks where endocrine systems exert influence on such behaviors. Such research promises to provide valuable insights into conditioned preferences within a broader naturalistic context.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Reward ; Motivation/physiology ; Humans ; Endocrine System/physiology ; Social Behavior ; Conditioning, Psychological/physiology ; Association Learning/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 214409-8
    ISSN 1095-6867 ; 0018-506X
    ISSN (online) 1095-6867
    ISSN 0018-506X
    DOI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105529
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Behavioral convergence in defense behaviors in pair bonded individuals correlates with neuroendocrine receptors in the medial amygdala.

    Malone, Candice L / Rieger, Nathaniel S / Spool, Jeremy A / Payette, Alexis / Riters, Lauren V / Marler, Catherine A

    Behavioural brain research

    2023  Volume 452, Page(s) 114556

    Abstract: Monogamous, pair-bonded animals coordinate intra-pair behavior for spatially separated challenges including territorial defense and nest attendance. Paired California mice, a monogamous, territorial and biparental species, approach intruders together or ... ...

    Abstract Monogamous, pair-bonded animals coordinate intra-pair behavior for spatially separated challenges including territorial defense and nest attendance. Paired California mice, a monogamous, territorial and biparental species, approach intruders together or separately, but often express behavioral convergence across intruder challenges. To gain a more systems-wide perspective of potential mechanisms contributing to behavioral convergence across two conspecific intruder challenges, we conducted an exploratory study correlating behavior and receptor mRNA (Days 10 and 17 post-pairing). We examined associations between convergence variability in pair time for intruder-oriented behaviors with a pair mRNA index for oxytocin (OXTR), androgen (AR), and estrogen alpha (ERα) receptors within the medial amygdala (MeA) and the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON), brain regions associated with social behavior. An intruder behavior index revealed a bimodal distribution of intruder-related behaviors in Challenge 1 and a unimodal distribution in Challenge 2, suggesting population behavioral convergence, but no significant correlations with neuroendocrine measures. However, OXTR, AR, and ERα mRNA in the MeA were positively associated with convergence in individual intruder-related behaviors, suggesting multiple mechanisms may influence convergence. Mice could also occupy the nest during intruder challenges and convergence in nest attendance was positively correlated with MeA OXTR. At an individual level, nest attendance was positively associated with MeA ERα. Vocalizations were positively associated with AR and ERα mRNA. No positive associations were found in the AON. Overall, neuroendocrine receptors were implicated in convergence of a monogamous pair's defense behavior, highlighting the potential importance of the MeA as part of a circuit underlying convergence.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism ; Social Behavior ; Corticomedial Nuclear Complex/metabolism ; Oxytocin ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Oxytocin/genetics
    Chemical Substances Estrogen Receptor alpha ; Oxytocin (50-56-6) ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Oxytocin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 449927-x
    ISSN 1872-7549 ; 0166-4328
    ISSN (online) 1872-7549
    ISSN 0166-4328
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114556
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Leveraging individual power to improve racial equity in academia.

    Monari, Patrick K / Hammond, Emma R / Malone, Candice L / Cuarenta, Amelia / Hiura, Lisa C / Wallace, Kelly J / Taylor, Linzie / Pradhan, Devaleena S

    Hormones and behavior

    2023  Volume 152, Page(s) 105358

    Abstract: Academia in the United States continues to grapple with its longstanding history of racial discrimination and its active perpetuation of racial disparities. To this end, universities and academic societies must grow in ways that reduce racial ... ...

    Abstract Academia in the United States continues to grapple with its longstanding history of racial discrimination and its active perpetuation of racial disparities. To this end, universities and academic societies must grow in ways that reduce racial minoritization and foster racial equity. What are the effective and long-lasting approaches we as academics should prioritize to promote racial equity in our academic communities? To address this, the authors held a diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) panel during the Society for Behavioral Neuroendocrinology 2022 annual meeting, and in the following commentary synthesize the panelists' recommendations for fostering racial equity in the US academic community.
    MeSH term(s) United States ; Diversity, Equity, Inclusion ; Universities
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 214409-8
    ISSN 1095-6867 ; 0018-506X
    ISSN (online) 1095-6867
    ISSN 0018-506X
    DOI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105358
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Expression of a Synthetic Gene for the Major Cytotoxin (Cyt1Aa) of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> subsp. <i>israelensis</i> in the Chloroplast of Wild-Type <i>Chlamydomonas</i>

    Kang, Seongjoon / Odom, Obed W / Malone, Candice L / Thangamani, Saravanan / Herrin, David L

    Biology. 2018 May 08, v. 7, no. 2

    2018  

    Abstract: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlamydomonas) strains that are toxic to mosquito larvae because they express chloroplast transgenes that are based on the mosquitocidal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) could be very useful in ... ...

    Abstract Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlamydomonas) strains that are toxic to mosquito larvae because they express chloroplast transgenes that are based on the mosquitocidal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) could be very useful in mosquito control. Chlamydomonas has several advantages for this approach, including genetic controls not generally available with industrial algae. The Bti toxin is produced by sporulating bacteria and has been used for mosquito control for >30 years without creating highly resistant mosquito populations. The suite of toxins is four main proteins: three Cry proteins and the cytotoxic Cyt1Aa (27 kDa). Cyt1Aa is not very toxic to mosquitoes by itself, but it prevents the development of resistance. The production of Cyt1Aa in other microbes, however, has been challenging due to its affinity for certain membrane phospholipids. Here we report on the production of recombinant Cyt1Aa (rCyt1A) in the chloroplast of photosynthetic Chlamydomonas at levels of at least 0.3% total protein. Live cell bioassays demonstrated toxicity of the rCyt1Aa Chlamydomonas to larvae of Aedes aegypti. We also expressed the chloroplast cyt1Aa gene in a wild-type Chlamydomonas strain (21 gr) that can grow on nitrate. These results have implications for developing a Chlamydomonas strain that will be toxic to mosquito larvae but will not induce strongly resistant populations.
    Keywords Aedes aegypti ; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; algae ; bacteria ; bioassays ; chloroplasts ; cytotoxicity ; cytotoxins ; insect larvae ; mosquito control ; nitrates ; phospholipids ; photosynthesis ; protein content ; proteins ; synthetic genes ; transgenes
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-0508
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology7020029
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Expression of a Synthetic Gene for the Major Cytotoxin (Cyt1Aa) of

    Kang, Seongjoon / Odom, Obed W / Malone, Candice L / Thangamani, Saravanan / Herrin, David L

    Biology

    2018  Volume 7, Issue 2

    Abstract: Chlamydomonas ... ...

    Abstract Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology7020029
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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