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  1. Article: Study of isotopic seasonality to assess the water source of proglacial stream in Chhota Shigri Glaciated Basin, Western Himalaya

    Kumar, Naveen / Ramanathan, Alagappan / Arora, Aman / Soheb, Mohd / Mandal, Arindan / Sharma, Parmanand / Ranjan, Shyam

    Hydrological processes. 2020 Feb. 28, v. 34, no. 5

    2020  

    Abstract: The impact of surface melt patterns and the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is examined on the varying contributions of end member (snow, glacier ice, and rain) to proglacial streamflow during the ablation period (June–October) in the Chhota Shigri glaciated ...

    Abstract The impact of surface melt patterns and the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is examined on the varying contributions of end member (snow, glacier ice, and rain) to proglacial streamflow during the ablation period (June–October) in the Chhota Shigri glaciated basin, Western Himalaya. Isotopic seasonality observed in the catchment precipitation was generally reflected in surface runoff (supraglacial melt and proglacial stream) and shows a shift in major water source during the melt season. Isotopically correlated (δ18O–δD) high deuterium intercept in the surface runoff suggests that westerly precipitation acts as the dominant source, augmenting the other snow‐ and ice‐melt sources in the region. The endmember contributions to the proglacial stream were quantified using a three‐component mixing. Overall, glacier ice melt is the major source of proglacial discharge. Snowmelt is the predominant source during the early ablation season (June) and the peak ISM period (August and September), whereas ice melt reaches a maximum in the peak melt period (July). The monthly contribution of rain is on the lower side and shows a steady rise and decline with onset and retreat of the monsoon. These results are persistent with the surface melt pattern observed in Chhota Shigri glacier, Upper Chandra basin. Moreover, the role of the ISM in Chhota Shigri glacier is unvarying to that observed in other glacierized catchments of Upper Ganga basin. Thus, this study augments the significant role of the ISM in glacier mass balance up to the boundary of the central‐western Himalayan glaciated region.
    Keywords basins ; deuterium ; glaciers ; ice ; melting ; mixing ; monsoon season ; rain ; runoff ; snow ; snowmelt ; stream flow ; streams ; watersheds ; Himalayan region
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0228
    Size p. 1285-1300.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1479953-4
    ISSN 1099-1085 ; 0885-6087
    ISSN (online) 1099-1085
    ISSN 0885-6087
    DOI 10.1002/hyp.13676
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Book ; Online: 11-year record of wintertime snow surface energy balance and sublimation at 4863 m a.s.l. on Chhota Shigri Glacier moraine (western Himalaya, India)

    Mandal, Arindan / Angchuk, Thupstan / Azam, Mohd Farooq / Ramanathan, Alagappan / Wagnon, Patrick / Soheb, Mohd / Singh, Chetan

    eISSN: 1994-0424

    2022  

    Abstract: Analysis of surface energy balance (SEB) at the glacier surface is the most comprehensive way to explain the atmosphere-glacier interactions but that requires extensive data. In this study, we analyse an 11-year (2009–2020) record of the meteorological ... ...

    Abstract Analysis of surface energy balance (SEB) at the glacier surface is the most comprehensive way to explain the atmosphere-glacier interactions but that requires extensive data. In this study, we analyse an 11-year (2009–2020) record of the meteorological dataset from an automatic weather station installed at 4863 m a.s.l., on a lateral moraine of the Chhota Shigri Glacier in the western Himalaya. The study was carried out over the winter months (December to April) to understand SEB drivers and snow sublimation. Further, we examine the role of cloud cover on SEB and turbulent heat fluxes. The turbulent heat fluxes were calculated using the bulk-aerodynamic method, including stability corrections. The net short-wave radiation was the primary energy source. However, the turbulent heat fluxes dissipated a significant amount of energy. The cloud cover plays an important role in limiting the incoming short-wave radiation by 70 %. It also restricts the turbulent heat fluxes by around 50 %, consequently less snow sublimation. During the winter period, turbulent latent heat flux contributed the largest (63 %) in the total SEB, followed by net all-wave radiation (29 %) and sensible heat flux (8 %). Sublimation rates were three times higher in clear-sky conditions than overcast, indicating a strong control of cloud cover in turbulent latent heat flux. Dry air, along with the high snow surface temperature and wind speed, favours sublimation. We also observed that strong and cold winds, possibly through mid-latitude western disturbances, impede sublimation by bringing high moisture content in the region and cooling the snow surface. The estimated snow sublimation fraction was 16–42 % of the total winter snowfall at the study site. This indicates snow sublimation is an essential parameter to be considered in the glaciohydrological modelling at the high mountain Himalayan catchments.
    Subject code 551
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-20
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Unsteady state of glaciers (Chhota Shigri and Hamtah) and climate in Lahaul and Spiti region, western Himalayas: a review of recent mass loss

    Mandal, Arindan / AL. Ramanathan / Mohd Soheb / Thupstan Angchuk / Virendra Bahadur Singh

    Environmental earth sciences. 2016 Sept., v. 75, no. 17

    2016  

    Abstract: Available published literatures on glacier mass loss and climate studies like temperature and precipitation are reviewed for Lahaul and Spiti region in northern India, which is a part of the western Himalayas. Chhota Shigri and Hamtah Glaciers are both ... ...

    Abstract Available published literatures on glacier mass loss and climate studies like temperature and precipitation are reviewed for Lahaul and Spiti region in northern India, which is a part of the western Himalayas. Chhota Shigri and Hamtah Glaciers are both located in the Lahaul and Spiti region and have the longest record of in situ glaciological mass balance (MB) measurements. We have compiled and compared all the dataset (different methods) related to glacier change with climate in the past few decades. Both the glaciers have experienced a significant mass loss during the study period. Different methods show diverse results for the glaciers studied for the same year; however, all results depicts overall unsteady state of both the glaciers. Data of Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) shows a significant increase in average temperature for the entire country and huge variability in precipitation particularly in the state of Himachal Pradesh. Temperature and precipitation are found to be the two main governing factors controlling the glacier health in this region. Thus, it can be said that the glaciers of Lahaul and Spiti region are losing mass due to changing weather conditions, especially the increasing air temperature. However, long-term MB and climate data will give a better insight into understand and predict the future scenario of glacier health in this region.
    Keywords air temperature ; climate ; climate change ; data collection ; glaciers ; meteorological data ; India
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-09
    Size p. 1233.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2493699-6
    ISSN 1866-6299 ; 1866-6280
    ISSN (online) 1866-6299
    ISSN 1866-6280
    DOI 10.1007/s12665-016-6023-5
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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