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Book ; Online: Frankenstein's Toolkit

Mandel, Ilan / Ju, Wendy

Prototyping Electronics Using Consumer Products

2023

Abstract: In our practice as educators, researchers and designers we have found that centering reverse engineering and reuse has pedagogical, environmental, and economic benefits. Design decisions in the development of new hardware tool-kits should consider how we ...

Abstract	In our practice as educators, researchers and designers we have found that centering reverse engineering and reuse has pedagogical, environmental, and economic benefits. Design decisions in the development of new hardware tool-kits should consider how we can use e-waste at hand as integral components of electronics prototyping. Dissection, extraction and modification can give insights into how things are made at scale. Simultaneously, it can enable prototypes that have greater fidelity or functionality than would otherwise be cost-effective to produce.
Keywords	Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Publishing date	2023-03-23
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect of different parameters utilized for image guided endodontic root canal preparation on temperature changes: an in vitro study.

Rajnics, Zsolt / Mandel, Iván / Nagy, Ákos / Turzó, Kinga / Mühl, Attila / Marada, Gyula

BMC oral health

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 76

Abstract: Background: Navigated endodontics is a cutting-edge technology becoming increasingly more accessible for dental practitioners. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the ideal technical parameters of this procedure to prevent collateral damage of the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Navigated endodontics is a cutting-edge technology becoming increasingly more accessible for dental practitioners. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the ideal technical parameters of this procedure to prevent collateral damage of the surrounding tissues. There is a limited number of studies available in published scientific literature referencing the possible collateral thermal damage due to high-speed rotary instruments used in guided endodontic drilling. The aim of our study was to investigate the different drilling parameters and their effect upon the temperature elevations measured on the outer surface of teeth during guided endodontic drilling. Methods: In our in vitro study, 72 teeth with presumably narrow root canals were prepared using a guided endodontic approach through a 3D-printed guide. Teeth were randomly allocated into six different test groups consisting of 12 teeth each, of which, four parameters affecting temperature change were investigated: (a) access cavity preparation prior to endodontic drilling, (b) drill speed, (c) cooling, and (d) cooling fluid temperature. Temperature changes were recorded using a contact thermocouple electrode connected to a digital thermometer. Results: The highest temperature elevations (14.62 °C ± 0.60 at 800 rpm and 13.76 °C ± 1.24 at 1000 rpm) were recorded in the groups in which drilling was performed without prior access cavity preparation nor without a significant difference between the different drill speeds (p = 0.243). Access cavity preparation significantly decreased temperature elevations (p < 0.01) while drilling at 800 rpm (8.90 °C ± 0.50) produced significantly less heating of the root surface (p < 0.05) than drilling at 1000 rpm (10.09 °C ± 1.32). Cooling significantly decreased (p < 0.01) temperature elevations at a drill speed of 1000 rpm, and cooling liquid temperatures of 4-6 °C proved significantly (p < 0.01) more beneficial in decreasing temperature elevations (1.60 °C ± 1.17) than when compared with room temperature (21 °C) liquids (4.01 °C ± 0.22). Conclusions: Based on the results of our study, guided endodontic drilling at drill speeds not exceeding 1000 rpm following access cavity preparation, with constant cooling using a fluid cooler than room temperature, provides the best results in avoiding collateral thermal damage during navigated endodontic drilling of root canals.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Temperature ; Root Canal Preparation ; Dentists ; Professional Role ; Hot Temperature ; Dental Pulp Cavity/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2091511-1
ISSN	1472-6831 ; 1472-6831
ISSN (online)	1472-6831
ISSN	1472-6831
DOI	10.1186/s12903-023-03799-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Primenenie fiksirovannoi kombinatsii diklofenaka i orfenadrina dlya posleoperatsionnogo obezbolivaniya u ortopedicheskikh bol'nykh.

Gukalov, A A / Klypa, T V / Mandel', I A / Minets, A I

Khirurgiia

2023 , Issue 4, Page(s) 49–54

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using a fixed combination of diclofenac and orphenadrine for early postoperative pain relief in orthopedic patients following hip prosthetics.: Material and methods: A prospective comparative study ... ...

Title translation	The use of a fixed combination of diclofenac and orphenadrine for postoperative pain relief in orthopedic patients.
Abstract	Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using a fixed combination of diclofenac and orphenadrine for early postoperative pain relief in orthopedic patients following hip prosthetics. Material and methods: A prospective comparative study enrolled 65 patients with primary total hip replacement in the setting of spinal bupivacaine anesthesia. Patients were divided into 2 groups - study (39 patients) and control (26 people). The study group underwent Neodolpasse infusion (orphenadrine 30 mg + diclofenac 75 mg) after the end of surgery and morphine infusion in a patient-controlled analgesia (PKA) regimen. The control group underwent morphine monotherapy in the PKA regimen. The intensity of pain syndrome was compared on a visual-analog scale (VAS) from 0 to 100, the total amount of morphine administered, the number of bolus requests, the change in kidney function and the side effect were assessed. Results: In the control group, the duration of the intervention was shorter and amounted to 70 [59; 82] minutes, in the study group - 83 [65; 94] minutes ( Conclusion: 1. The use of a fixed combination of orphenadrine 30 mg + diclofenac 75 mg as part of postoperative pain relief after operations of primary hip prosthetics improves the quality of postoperative pain relief according to the subjective assessment of patients. 2. The use of a fixed combination of orphenadrine 30 mg + diclofenac 75 mg did not lead to the development of side effects and complications.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diclofenac/adverse effects ; Orphenadrine/therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Prospective Studies ; Pain, Postoperative/diagnosis ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Pain, Postoperative/etiology ; Morphine/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Diclofenac (144O8QL0L1) ; Orphenadrine (AL805O9OG9) ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Morphine (76I7G6D29C)
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2023-10-16
Publishing country	Russia (Federation)
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	419230-8
ISSN	2309-5628 ; 0023-1207
ISSN (online)	2309-5628
ISSN	0023-1207
DOI	10.17116/hirurgia202304149
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Book ; Online: Enclosed Loops

Choksi, Madiha Zahrah / Mandel, Ilan / Goedicke, David / Shvartzshnaider, Yan

How open source communities become datasets

2023

Abstract: Centralization in code hosting and package management in the 2010s created fundamental shifts in the social arrangements of open source ecosystems. In a regime of centralized open source, platform effects can both empower and detract from communities ... ...

Abstract	Centralization in code hosting and package management in the 2010s created fundamental shifts in the social arrangements of open source ecosystems. In a regime of centralized open source, platform effects can both empower and detract from communities depending on underlying technical implementations and governance mechanisms. In this paper we examine Dependabot, Crater and Copilot as three nascent tools whose existence is predicated on centralized software at scale. Open source ecosystems are maintained by positive feedback loops between community members and their outputs. This mechanism is guided by community standards that foreground notions of accountability and transparency. On one hand, software at scale supports positive feedback loops of exchange among ecosystem stakeholders: community members (developers), users, and projects. On the other, software at scale becomes a commodity to be leveraged and expropriated. We perform a comparative analysis of attributes across the three tools and evaluate their goals, values, and norms. We investigate these feedback loops and their sociotechnical effects on open source communities. We demonstrate how the values embedded in each case study may diverge from the foundational ethos of open communities as they are motivated by, and respond to the platform effects, corporate capture, and centralization of open source infrastructure. Our analysis finds that these tools embed values that are reflective of different modes of development - some are transparent and accountable, and others are not. In doing so, certain tools may have feedback mechanisms that extend communities. Others threaten and damage communities ability to reproduce themselves. Comment: 9 pages
Keywords	Computer Science - Computers and Society
Subject code	020
Publishing date	2023-06-08
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comment on "An excess of massive stars in the local 30 Doradus starburst".

Farr, Will M / Mandel, Ilya

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2018 Volume 361, Issue 6400

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Schneider
Language	English
Publishing date	2018--27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.aat6506
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Zs.MG 77: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Gravitational waves: Stellar palaeontology.

Mandel, Ilya / Farmer, Alison

Nature

2017 Volume 547, Issue 7663, Page(s) 284–285

Language	English
Publishing date	2017--19
Publishing country	England
Document type	News ; Comment
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/547284a
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Book ; Online: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic productivity

Casey, Andrew R. / Mandel, Ilya / Ray, Prasun K.

2021

Abstract: Publish or perish' is an expression describing the pressure on academics to consistently publish research to ensure a successful career in academia. With a global pandemic that has changed the world, how has it changed academic productivity? Here we ... ...

Abstract	'Publish or perish' is an expression describing the pressure on academics to consistently publish research to ensure a successful career in academia. With a global pandemic that has changed the world, how has it changed academic productivity? Here we show that academics are posting just as many publications on the arXiv pre-print server as if there were no pandemic: 168,630 were posted in 2020, a +12.6% change from 2019 and $+1.4\sigma$ deviation above the predicted 162,577 $\pm$ 4,393. However, some immediate impacts are visible in individual research fields. Conference cancellations have led to sharp drops in pre-prints, but laboratory closures have had mixed effects. Only some experimental fields show mild declines in outputs, with most being consistent on previous years or even increasing above model expectations. The most significant change is a 50% increase ($+8\sigma$) in quantitative biology research, all related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of these publications are by biologists using arXiv for the first time, and some are written by researchers from other fields (e.g., physicists, mathematicians). While quantitative biology pre-prints have returned to pre-pandemic levels, 20% of the research in this field is now focussed on the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrating a strong shift in research focus. Comment: Submitted to RSOS
Keywords	Computer Science - Digital Libraries ; Economics - General Economics ; Physics - Physics and Society
Subject code	306
Publishing date	2021-09-14
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: An efficient interpolation technique for jump proposals in reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo calculations.

Farr, W M / Mandel, I / Stevens, D

Royal Society open science

2015 Volume 2, Issue 6, Page(s) 150030

Abstract: Selection among alternative theoretical models given an observed dataset is an important challenge in many areas of physics and astronomy. Reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) is an extremely powerful technique for performing Bayesian model ... ...

Abstract	Selection among alternative theoretical models given an observed dataset is an important challenge in many areas of physics and astronomy. Reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) is an extremely powerful technique for performing Bayesian model selection, but it suffers from a fundamental difficulty and it requires jumps between model parameter spaces, but cannot efficiently explore both parameter spaces at once. Thus, a naive jump between parameter spaces is unlikely to be accepted in the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm and convergence is correspondingly slow. Here, we demonstrate an interpolation technique that uses samples from single-model MCMCs to propose intermodel jumps from an approximation to the single-model posterior of the target parameter space. The interpolation technique, based on a kD-tree data structure, is adaptive and efficient in modest dimensionality. We show that our technique leads to improved convergence over naive jumps in an RJMCMC, and compare it to other proposals in the literature to improve the convergence of RJMCMCs. We also demonstrate the use of the same interpolation technique as a way to construct efficient 'global' proposal distributions for single-model MCMCs without prior knowledge of the structure of the posterior distribution, and discuss improvements that permit the method to be used in higher dimensional spaces efficiently.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-06-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2787755-3
ISSN	2054-5703
ISSN	2054-5703
DOI	10.1098/rsos.150030
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Article: Comparative Evaluation of Two Hyaluronic Acid Gel Products for the Treatment of Interdental Papillary Defects.

Mandel, Iván / Farkasdi, Sándor / Varga, Gábor / Nagy, Ákos Károly

Acta stomatologica Croatica

2020 Volume 54, Issue 3, Page(s) 227–237

Abstract: Objectives: The aim was to investigate the efficacy of single injections of two different hyaluronic acid products, Flex Barrier and Revident, in reducing the size of black triangles to treat Nordland-Tarnow Class I and II recessions.: Materials and ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The aim was to investigate the efficacy of single injections of two different hyaluronic acid products, Flex Barrier and Revident, in reducing the size of black triangles to treat Nordland-Tarnow Class I and II recessions. Materials and methods: Forty adult patients were recruited with at least two upper and two lower interdental papilla defects in the front region between canine teeth. According to the Nordland-Tarnow classification of papillary defects, both Class I and Class II recessions were included in the investigation. Patients were randomly assigned to experimental groups to receive single injections of two different hyaluronic acid products, either Flex Barrier or Revident. The untreated sites served as controls. Photographs were taken before and immediately after the treatment, and again after one week and one month. To determine the size of the black triangles, Image J software was used. For statistical analysis, a mixed-design ANOVA was applied. Results: Both Flex Barrier and Revident significantly decreased the size of the treated defects immediately after the treatment and also one week later (p<0.001). The beneficial effect of Revident lasted longer than Flex Barrier as it remained significant even after one month in Revident-treated patients, however, not in the Flex Barrier-treated group. Furthermore, Nordland-Tarnow Class I lesions generally showed a greater improvement than Class II lesions. Conclusion: In this proof-of-concept, randomized clinical trial we have demonstrated the clinical applicability of both Flex Barrier and Revident, although Revident gave longer-lasting improvements than Flex Barrier. Further trials are needed to optimize multiple-application protocols for treating gingival black triangles.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-02
Publishing country	Croatia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603047-6
ISSN	0001-7019
ISSN	0001-7019
DOI	10.15644/asc54/3/1
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Article: Smoke signals: an alert for oral disease.

Mandel, I

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)

1994 Volume 125, Issue 7, Page(s) 872–878

Abstract: Since the early 1600s, questions have been raised about the ill effects of smoking. Tobacco has long been linked to oral cancer and leukoplakia, but research in the last 20 years suggests an association with other oral diseases as well. Studies ... ...

Abstract	Since the early 1600s, questions have been raised about the ill effects of smoking. Tobacco has long been linked to oral cancer and leukoplakia, but research in the last 20 years suggests an association with other oral diseases as well. Studies concerning the effects of smoking on the periodontal diseases--and the mechanisms involved--are reviewed.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Periodontal Diseases/etiology ; Smoking/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	1994-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	220622-5
ISSN	1943-4723 ; 0002-8177 ; 1048-6364
ISSN (online)	1943-4723
ISSN	0002-8177 ; 1048-6364
DOI	10.14219/jada.archive.1994.0192
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