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Article ; Online: Definitional and Methodological Errors in Pediatric Post-COVID-19 Condition Research Letter-Reply.

Hahn, Lyndsey / Robinson, Joan / Mandhane, Piush J

2024 Volume 178, Issue 3, Page(s) 320

MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; COVID-19 ; Chronic Disease
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2701223-2
ISSN	2168-6211 ; 2168-6203
ISSN (online)	2168-6211
ISSN	2168-6203
DOI	10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.6136
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Article ; Online: Sleep, circadian rhythm, and gut microbiota.

Matenchuk, Brittany A / Mandhane, Piush J / Kozyrskyj, Anita L

Sleep medicine reviews

2020 Volume 53, Page(s) 101340

Abstract: From asthma and heart disease to diabetes and obesity, the human microbiome plays a role in the pathogenesis of each chronic health condition plaguing today's society. Recent work has shown that the gut microbiota and its metabolites exhibit diurnal ... ...

Abstract	From asthma and heart disease to diabetes and obesity, the human microbiome plays a role in the pathogenesis of each chronic health condition plaguing today's society. Recent work has shown that the gut microbiota and its metabolites exhibit diurnal rhythmicity which predominantly respond to the feeding/fasting cycle. Persistent jet lag, an obesogenic diet, and clock gene deficiency can dampen the oscillatory nature of gut bacterial composition, which can subsequently be rescued by time restricted feeding. Contrastingly, gut microbial metabolites influence central and hepatic clock gene expression and sleep duration in the host and regulate body composition through circadian transcription factors. Both sleep fragmentation and short sleep duration are associated with gut dysbiosis which may be due to activation of the HPA-axis. Metabolic disturbances associated with sleep loss may in fact be mediated through the overgrowth of specific gut bacteria. Reciprocally, the end products of bacterial species which grow in response to sleep loss are able to induce fatigue. Furthermore, probiotic supplementation has been found to improve subjective sleep quality. Sleep quality and duration may be an important target for supporting healthy gut microbiota composition, but the cyclic nature of this relationship should not be overlooked.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology ; Diet ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Humans ; Mice ; Sleep/physiology ; Sleep Deprivation/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1414211-9
ISSN	1532-2955 ; 1087-0792
ISSN (online)	1532-2955
ISSN	1087-0792
DOI	10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101340
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Article ; Online: Association between gas stove use and childhood asthma in the Canadian CHILD Cohort Study.

Bédard, Marc-Antoine / Reyna, Myrtha E / Moraes, Theo J / Simons, Elinor / Turvey, Stuart E / Mandhane, Piush / Brook, Jeffrey R / Subbarao, Padmaja

Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique

2023 Volume 114, Issue 4, Page(s) 705–708

MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Canada/epidemiology ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Asthma/therapy ; Air Pollution, Indoor
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	417262-0
ISSN	1920-7476 ; 0008-4263
ISSN (online)	1920-7476
ISSN	0008-4263
DOI	10.17269/s41997-023-00779-0
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Article ; Online: Post-COVID-19 Condition in Children.

Hahn, Lyndsey M / Manny, Emilie / Mamede, Fabiana / Dhaliwal, Gurvinder / Chikuma, Joyce / Robinson, Joan L / Mandhane, Piush J

JAMA pediatrics

2023 Volume 177, Issue 11, Page(s) 1226–1228

MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; COVID-19 ; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2701223-2
ISSN	2168-6211 ; 2168-6203
ISSN (online)	2168-6211
ISSN	2168-6203
DOI	10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.3239
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Article ; Online: Solar-powered O

Conradi, Nicholas / Opoka, Robert O / Mian, Qaasim / Conroy, Andrea L / Hermann, Laura L / Charles, Olaro / Amone, Jackson / Nabwire, Juliet / Lee, Bonita E / Saleh, Abdullah / Mandhane, Piush / Namasopo, Sophie / Hawkes, Michael T

Lancet (London, England)

2024 Volume 403, Issue 10428, Page(s) 756–765

Abstract: Background: Supplemental O: Methods: In this pragmatic, country-wide, stepped-wedge, cluster randomised controlled trial, solar-powered O: Findings: Between June 28, 2019, and Nov 30, 2021, 2409 children were enrolled across 20 hospitals and, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Supplemental O Methods: In this pragmatic, country-wide, stepped-wedge, cluster randomised controlled trial, solar-powered O Findings: Between June 28, 2019, and Nov 30, 2021, 2409 children were enrolled across 20 hospitals and, after exclusions, 2405 children were analysed. 964 children were enrolled before site randomisation and 1441 children were enrolled after site randomisation (intention to treat). There were 104 deaths, 91 of which occurred within 48 h of detection of hypoxaemia. The 48 h mortality was 49 (5·1%) of 964 children before randomisation and 42 (2·9%) of 1440 (one individual did not have vital status documented at 48 h) after randomisation (adjusted odds ratio 0·50, 95% CI 0·27-0·91, p=0·023). Results were sensitive to alternative parameterisations of the secular trend. There was a relative risk reduction of 48·7% (95% CI 8·5-71·5), and a number needed to treat with solar-powered O Interpretation: This stepped-wedge, cluster randomised controlled trial shows the mortality benefit of improving O Funding: Grand Challenges Canada and The Women and Children's Health Research Institute.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Female ; Uganda/epidemiology ; Hypoxia/etiology ; Hypoxia/therapy ; Hospitalization ; Research Design ; Health Facilities
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
DOI	10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02502-3
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Ua VI Zs.5: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Early prediction of pediatric asthma in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort using machine learning.

He, Ping / Moraes, Theo J / Dai, Darlene / Reyna-Vargas, Myrtha E / Dai, Ruixue / Mandhane, Piush / Simons, Elinor / Azad, Meghan B / Hoskinson, Courtney / Petersen, Charisse / Del Bel, Kate L / Turvey, Stuart E / Subbarao, Padmaja / Goldenberg, Anna / Erdman, Lauren

Pediatric research

2024

Abstract: Background: Early identification of children at risk of asthma can have significant clinical implications for effective intervention and treatment. This study aims to disentangle the relative timing and importance of early markers of asthma.: Methods!# ...

Abstract	Background: Early identification of children at risk of asthma can have significant clinical implications for effective intervention and treatment. This study aims to disentangle the relative timing and importance of early markers of asthma. Methods: Using the CHILD Cohort Study, 132 variables measured in 1754 multi-ethnic children were included in the analysis for asthma prediction. Data up to 4 years of age was used in multiple machine learning models to predict physician-diagnosed asthma at age 5 years. Both predictive performance and variable importance was assessed in these models. Results: Early-life data (≤1 year) has limited predictive ability for physician-diagnosed asthma at age 5 years (area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) < 0.35). The earliest reliable prediction of asthma is achieved at age 3 years, (area under the receiver-operator curve (AUROC) > 0.90) and (AUPRC > 0.80). Maternal asthma, antibiotic exposure, and lower respiratory tract infections remained highly predictive throughout childhood. Wheezing status and atopy are the most important predictors of early childhood asthma from among the factors included in this study. Conclusions: Childhood asthma is predictable from non-biological measurements from the age of 3 years, primarily using parental asthma and patient history of wheezing, atopy, antibiotic exposure, and lower respiratory tract infections. Impact: Machine learning models can predict physician-diagnosed asthma in early childhood (AUROC > 0.90 and AUPRC > 0.80) using ≥3 years of non-biological and non-genetic information, whereas prediction with the same patient information available before 1 year of age is challenging. Wheezing, atopy, antibiotic exposure, lower respiratory tract infections, and the child's mother having asthma were the strongest early markers of 5-year asthma diagnosis, suggesting an opportunity for earlier diagnosis and intervention and focused assessment of patients at risk for asthma, with an evolving risk stratification over time.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	4411-8
ISSN	1530-0447 ; 0031-3998
ISSN (online)	1530-0447
ISSN	0031-3998
DOI	10.1038/s41390-023-02988-2
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Zs.A 564: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Divergent maturational patterns of the infant bacterial and fungal gut microbiome in the first year of life are associated with inter-kingdom community dynamics and infant nutrition.

Mercer, Emily M / Ramay, Hena R / Moossavi, Shirin / Laforest-Lapointe, Isabelle / Reyna, Myrtha E / Becker, Allan B / Simons, Elinor / Mandhane, Piush J / Turvey, Stuart E / Moraes, Theo J / Sears, Malcolm R / Subbarao, Padmaja / Azad, Meghan B / Arrieta, Marie-Claire

Microbiome

2024 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 22

Abstract: Background: The gut microbiome undergoes primary ecological succession over the course of early life before achieving ecosystem stability around 3 years of age. These maturational patterns have been well-characterized for bacteria, but limited ... ...

Abstract	Background: The gut microbiome undergoes primary ecological succession over the course of early life before achieving ecosystem stability around 3 years of age. These maturational patterns have been well-characterized for bacteria, but limited descriptions exist for other microbiota members, such as fungi. Further, our current understanding of the prevalence of different patterns of bacterial and fungal microbiome maturation and how inter-kingdom dynamics influence early-life microbiome establishment is limited. Results: We examined individual shifts in bacterial and fungal alpha diversity from 3 to 12 months of age in 100 infants from the CHILD Cohort Study. We identified divergent patterns of gut bacterial or fungal microbiome maturation in over 40% of infants, which were characterized by differences in community composition, inter-kingdom dynamics, and microbe-derived metabolites in urine, suggestive of alterations in the timing of ecosystem transitions. Known microbiome-modifying factors, such as formula feeding and delivery by C-section, were associated with atypical bacterial, but not fungal, microbiome maturation patterns. Instead, fungal microbiome maturation was influenced by prenatal exposure to artificially sweetened beverages and the bacterial microbiome, emphasizing the importance of inter-kingdom dynamics in early-life colonization patterns. Conclusions: These findings highlight the ecological and environmental factors underlying atypical patterns of microbiome maturation in infants, and the need to incorporate multi-kingdom and individual-level perspectives in microbiome research to improve our understandings of gut microbiome maturation patterns in early life and how they relate to host health. Video Abstract.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Infant ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Mycobiome ; Cohort Studies ; Sweetening Agents ; Microbiota ; Bacteria/genetics
Chemical Substances	Sweetening Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Video-Audio Media ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2697425-3
ISSN	2049-2618 ; 2049-2618
ISSN (online)	2049-2618
ISSN	2049-2618
DOI	10.1186/s40168-023-01735-3
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Article ; Online: Association of immigrant generational status with asthma.

Philipneri, Anne / Hanna, Steven / Mandhane, Piush J / Georgiades, Katholiki

Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique

2019 Volume 110, Issue 4, Page(s) 462–471

Abstract: Objective: We sought to examine whether asthma risk is lower in second-generation immigrants (i.e., Canadian-born children with at least one foreign-born parent) and first-generation immigrants (i.e., foreign-born children) compared with non-immigrants ( ...

Abstract	Objective: We sought to examine whether asthma risk is lower in second-generation immigrants (i.e., Canadian-born children with at least one foreign-born parent) and first-generation immigrants (i.e., foreign-born children) compared with non-immigrants (i.e., Canadian-born children to Canadian-born parents). Methods: Data were obtained from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth from 1994 to 2008, which measured child health and developmental factors from birth to early adulthood. The sample included 15,799 participants aged 2-26 years. Asthma was defined as diagnosis by a health professional as having asthma, having wheezing or whistling in the chest, or use of medication for asthma. Results: Prevalence of asthma (defined as a combination of any three factors) was lower in first-generation (32%) and second-generation (34%) immigrants compared with non-immigrants (46%). After controlling for covariates, first- and second-generation immigrants had 0.21 (AOR = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.07-0.67) and 0.19 (AOR = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.09-0.39) lower odds of reporting asthma compared with non-immigrants, respectively. For every year the parent(s) of second-generation immigrants resided in Canada, the odds for asthma increased by 5% (AOR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.02-1.06). Conclusion: Immigrant children and youth in Canada, regardless of whether they are first- or second-generation, have lower odds for asthma compared with non-immigrants.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Canada/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	417262-0
ISSN	1920-7476 ; 0008-4263
ISSN (online)	1920-7476
ISSN	0008-4263
DOI	10.17269/s41997-019-00201-8
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Article ; Online: Maternal smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of gut microbiome-associated childhood overweight and obesity.

Peng, Ye / Tun, Hein M / Ng, Siew C / Wai, Hogan Kok-Fung / Zhang, Xi / Parks, Jaclyn / Field, Catherine J / Mandhane, Piush / Moraes, Theo J / Simons, Elinor / Turvey, Stuart E / Subbarao, Padmaja / Brook, Jeffrey R / Takaro, Tim K / Scott, James A / Chan, Francis Kl / Kozyrskyj, Anita L

Gut microbes

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 2323234

Abstract: Childhood obesity is linked to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Gut microbiota may partially mediate this association and could be potential targets for intervention; however, its role is understudied. We included 1,592 infants from the Canadian ... ...

Abstract	Childhood obesity is linked to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Gut microbiota may partially mediate this association and could be potential targets for intervention; however, its role is understudied. We included 1,592 infants from the Canadian Healthy Infants Longitudinal Development Cohort. Data on environmental exposure and lifestyle factors were collected prenatally and throughout the first three years. Weight outcomes were measured at one and three years of age. Stool samples collected at 3 and 12 months were analyzed by sequencing the V4 region of 16S rRNA to profile microbial compositions and magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify the metabolites. We showed that quitting smoking during pregnancy did not lower the risk of offspring being overweight. However, exclusive breastfeeding until the third month of age may alleviate these risks. We also reported that maternal smoking during pregnancy significantly increased Firmicutes abundance and diversity. We further revealed that Firmicutes diversity mediates the elevated risk of childhood overweight and obesity linked to maternal prenatal smoking. This effect possibly occurs through excessive microbial butyrate production. These findings add to the evidence that women should quit smoking before their pregnancies to prevent microbiome-mediated childhood overweight and obesity risk, and indicate the potential obesogenic role of excessive butyrate production in early life.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Infant ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Pediatric Obesity/etiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Canada/epidemiology ; Smoking/adverse effects ; Butyrates ; Firmicutes
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Butyrates
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2575755-6
ISSN	1949-0984 ; 1949-0984
ISSN (online)	1949-0984
ISSN	1949-0984
DOI	10.1080/19490976.2024.2323234
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Article: Association between Maternal Perinatal Stress and Depression on Infant DNA Methylation in the First Year of Life.

Abrishamcar, Sarina / Zhuang, Beryl / Thomas, Mara / Gladish, Nicole / MacIsaac, Julia / Jones, Meaghan / Simons, Elinor / Moraes, Theo / Mandhane, Piush / Brook, Jeffrey / Subbarao, Padmaja / Turvey, Stuart / Chen, Edith / Miller, Gregory / Kobor, Michael / Huels, Anke

Research square

2024

Abstract: Maternal stress and depression during pregnancy and the first year of the infant's life affect a large percentage of mothers. Maternal stress and depression have been associated with adverse fetal and childhood outcomes as well as differential child DNA ... ...

Abstract	Maternal stress and depression during pregnancy and the first year of the infant's life affect a large percentage of mothers. Maternal stress and depression have been associated with adverse fetal and childhood outcomes as well as differential child DNA methylation (DNAm). However, the biological mechanisms connecting maternal stress and depression to poor health outcomes in children are still largely unknown. Here we aim to determine whether prenatal stress and depression are associated with changes in cord blood mononuclear cell DNAm (CBMC-DNAm) in newborns (n = 119) and whether postnatal stress and depression are associated with changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNAm (PBMC-DNAm) in children of 12 months of age (n = 113) from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) cohort. Stress was measured using the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Questionnaire (CESD). Both stress and depression were measured at 18 weeks and 36 weeks of pregnancy and six months and 12 months postpartum. We conducted epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) using robust linear regression followed by a sensitivity analysis in which we bias-adjusted for inflation and unmeasured confounding using the bacon and cate methods. To investigate the cumulative effect of maternal stress and depression, we created composite prenatal and postnatal adversity scores. We identified a significant association between prenatal stress and differential CBMC-DNAm at 8 CpG sites and between prenatal depression and differential CBMC-DNAm at 2 CpG sites. Additionally, we identified a significant association between postnatal stress and differential PBMC-DNAm at 8 CpG sites and between postnatal depression and differential PBMC-DNAm at 11 CpG sites. Using our composite scores, we further identified 2 CpG sites significantly associated with prenatal adversity and 7 CpG sites significantly associated with postnatal adversity. Several of the associated genes, including
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.21203/rs.3.rs-3962429/v1
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