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Article ; Online: Taxonomic contributions to Hapalidiales (Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta): Boreolithothamnion gen. nov., Lithothamnion redefined and with three new species and Roseolithon with new combinations.

Gabrielson, Paul W / Maneveldt, Gavin W / Hughey, Jeffery R / Peña, Viviana

2023 Volume 59, Issue 4, Page(s) 751–774

Abstract: Phylogenetic analyses of rbcL gene sequences and of concatenated rbcL, psbA, and nuclear SSU rRNA gene sequences resolved the generitype of Lithothamnion, L. muelleri, in a clade with three other southern Australian species, L. kraftii sp. nov., L. ... ...

Abstract	Phylogenetic analyses of rbcL gene sequences and of concatenated rbcL, psbA, and nuclear SSU rRNA gene sequences resolved the generitype of Lithothamnion, L. muelleri, in a clade with three other southern Australian species, L. kraftii sp. nov., L. saundersii sp. nov., and L. woelkerlingii sp. nov. Cold water boreal species currently classified in Lithothamnion and whose type specimens have been sequenced are transferred to Boreolithothamnion gen. nov., with B. glaciale comb. nov. as the generitype. The other species are B. giganteum comb. nov., B. phymatodeum comb. nov., and B. sonderi comb. nov., whose type specimens are newly sequenced, and B. lemoineae comb. nov., B. soriferum comb. nov., and B. tophiforme comb. nov., whose type specimens were already sequenced. Based on rbcL sequences from the type specimens of Lithothamnion crispatum, L. indicum, and L. superpositum, each is recognized as a distinct species and transferred to the recently described Roseolithon as R. crispatum comb. nov., R. indicum comb. nov., and R. superpositum com. nov., respectively. To correctly assign species to these three genera based only on morpho-anatomy, specimens must have multiporate conceptacles and some epithallial cells with flared walls. The discussion provides examples demonstrating that only with phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences can the evolution of morpho-anatomical characters of non-geniculate corallines be understood and applied at the correct taxonomic rank. Finally, phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences support recognition of the Hapalidiales as a distinct order characterized by having multiporate tetra/bisporangial conceptacles, and not as a suborder of Corallinales whose tetra/bisporangial conceptacles are uniporate.
MeSH term(s)	Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Australia ; Rhodophyta ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	281226-5
ISSN	1529-8817 ; 0022-3646
ISSN (online)	1529-8817
ISSN	0022-3646
DOI	10.1111/jpy.13353
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Article ; Online: Taxonomic contributions to Hapalidiales (Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta): Boreolithothamnion gen. nov., Lithothamnion redefined and with three new species and Roseolithon with new combinations

Gabrielson, Paul W. / Maneveldt, Gavin W. / Hughey, Jeffery R. / Peña, Viviana

Journal of Phycology. 2023 Aug., v. 59, no. 4 p.751-774

2023

Abstract	Phylogenetic analyses of rbcL gene sequences and of concatenated rbcL, psbA, and nuclear SSU rRNA gene sequences resolved the generitype of Lithothamnion, L. muelleri, in a clade with three other southern Australian species, L. kraftii sp. nov., L. saundersii sp. nov., and L. woelkerlingii sp. nov. Cold water boreal species currently classified in Lithothamnion and whose type specimens have been sequenced are transferred to Boreolithothamnion gen. nov., with B. glaciale comb. nov. as the generitype. The other species are B. giganteum comb. nov., B. phymatodeum comb. nov., and B. sonderi comb. nov., whose type specimens are newly sequenced, and B. lemoineae comb. nov., B. soriferum comb. nov., and B. tophiforme comb. nov., whose type specimens were already sequenced. Based on rbcL sequences from the type specimens of Lithothamnion crispatum, L. indicum, and L. superpositum, each is recognized as a distinct species and transferred to the recently described Roseolithon as R. crispatum comb. nov., R. indicum comb. nov., and R. superpositum com. nov., respectively. To correctly assign species to these three genera based only on morpho‐anatomy, specimens must have multiporate conceptacles and some epithallial cells with flared walls. The discussion provides examples demonstrating that only with phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences can the evolution of morpho‐anatomical characters of non‐geniculate corallines be understood and applied at the correct taxonomic rank. Finally, phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences support recognition of the Hapalidiales as a distinct order characterized by having multiporate tetra/bisporangial conceptacles, and not as a suborder of Corallinales whose tetra/bisporangial conceptacles are uniporate.
Keywords	Corallinales ; DNA ; Lithothamnium ; algology ; genes ; new species ; phylogeny ; water
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-08
Size	p. 751-774.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	281226-5
ISSN	1529-8817 ; 0022-3646
ISSN (online)	1529-8817
ISSN	0022-3646
DOI	10.1111/jpy.13353
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Article ; Online: Initial evaluation of the care and rehabilitation success of Cape Cormorants Phalacrocorax capensis rescued from Robben and Jutten islands, South Africa, in January 2021

Phillips, Jesse / Ludynia, Katrin / Waller, Lauren J / Barham, Peter J / Mdluli, Andile / Klusener, Romy / Maneveldt, Gavin W

Ostrich. 2023 Jan. 02, v. 94, no. 1 p.40-47

2023

Abstract: The population of the endangered Cape Cormorant Phalacrocorax capensis more than halved over the last three decades (BirdLife International 2018a). In January 2021, nearly 2 000 Cape Cormorant chicks were found abandoned, suffering from dehydration and ... ...

Abstract	The population of the endangered Cape Cormorant Phalacrocorax capensis more than halved over the last three decades (BirdLife International 2018a). In January 2021, nearly 2 000 Cape Cormorant chicks were found abandoned, suffering from dehydration and heat stress, at two important nesting sites. The chicks were rescued and rehabilitated by the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (SANCCOB, Cape Town, South Africa). About half (53.7%) of the cormorant chicks were successfully rehabilitated and released back into the breeding colonies. This study found a direct link between the initial body mass of cormorant chicks admitted to the rehabilitation centre and their probability of surviving during rehabilitation, with birds that were initially heavier having a greater probability of eventual release. Most cormorant chicks that died (80.7%) did so within the first 5 days of admission. This rescue required SANCCOB to care for and rehabilitate the largest number of Cape Cormorant chicks that has ever been admitted to its rehabilitation centre at one time, making it the first rescue of its kind. Despite the presumably limited positive impact on overall population numbers of Cape Cormorants, the rescue campaign improved SANCCOB’s preparedness to respond successfully to future disaster events and to deal with different species, both locally and globally.
Keywords	Phalacrocorax ; body weight ; heat stress ; ostriches ; probability ; South Africa ; body mass ; breeding colonies ; conservation ; dehydration ; seabird
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0102
Size	p. 40-47.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	1727-947X
DOI	10.2989/00306525.2023.2173327
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Article: Chamberlainium (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in South Africa, an exemplar for the study of coralline algae, description of C. tenue sp. nov., biogeography of the genus, and species keys

Puckree-Padua, Courtney A. / Gabrielson, Paul W. / Maneveldt, Gavin W.

SAAB South African journal of botany. 2022 Nov., v. 150

2022

Abstract: Based on plastid encoded DNA sequences from psbA and rbcL markers, a new non-geniculate coralline algal species, Chamberlainium tenue, is described from South Africa that was previously passing under the misapplied name, Spongites yendoi. DNA sequences, ... ...

Abstract	Based on plastid encoded DNA sequences from psbA and rbcL markers, a new non-geniculate coralline algal species, Chamberlainium tenue, is described from South Africa that was previously passing under the misapplied name, Spongites yendoi. DNA sequences, supported by the morpho-anatomical character of tetrasporangial conceptacle roof development, placed C. tenue in Chamberlainium, subfamily Chamberlainoideae. Instead of one species, Spongites yendoi, widely distributed across the entire coastline of South Africa, seven molecularly distinct species were present under that name and all belong in Chamberlainium. Three occur in the cooler water Benguela Marine Province, C. capense, C. glebosum, and C. occidentale, the last extending into the Benguela-Agulhas Transition Zone; three occur in the warmer water Agulhas Marine Province, C. tenue, C. cochleare and C. natalense, with the latter two extending into the Benguela-Agulhas Transition Zone; two occur only in the Benguela-Agulhas Transition Zone, C. agulhense and the historically recognized, C. impar. Both the rbcL and psbA phylograms indicate that ancestral taxa gave rise to species found in both warmer and cooler water habitats. Keys to species of South African Chamberlainium are provided for use in both the field and the laboratory. The methodology used to study these Chamberlainium species, that included: 1) DNA sequencing of type specimens to correctly apply names; 2) DNA sequencing of numerous field-collected specimens; and 3) morpho-anatomical observations on these same DNA sequenced specimens, can be an exemplar for resolving the systematics and biogeography of the many unresolved and unstudied species of South African coralline algae.
Keywords	Corallinales ; DNA ; algae ; biogeography ; botany ; coasts ; South Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-11
Size	p. 178-193.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2126918-X
ISSN	0254-6299
ISSN	0254-6299
DOI	10.1016/j.sajb.2022.07.022
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Article: DNA sequencing reveals three new species of Chamberlainium (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from South Africa, all formerly passing under Spongites yendoi

Puckree-Padua, Courtney A / Gabrielson, Paul W / Maneveldt, Gavin W

Botanica marina. 2021 Feb. 23, v. 64, no. 1

2021

Abstract: Three new non-geniculate coralline algal species from South Africa are described that were passing under the misapplied name, Spongites yendoi. Based on plastid encoded DNA sequences from psbA and rbcL markers, these species belong in the subfamily ... ...

Abstract	Three new non-geniculate coralline algal species from South Africa are described that were passing under the misapplied name, Spongites yendoi. Based on plastid encoded DNA sequences from psbA and rbcL markers, these species belong in the subfamily Chamberlainoideae. The DNA sequences, supported by the morpho-anatomical character of tetrasporangial conceptacle roof development, placed all three species in the genus Chamberlainium and not Pneophyllum, the only other genus in Chamberlainoideae. In addition to the diagnostic DNA sequences, Chamberlainium capense sp. nov., C. glebosum sp. nov. and Chamberlainium occidentale sp. nov. may be distinguished by a combination of habit, habitat, geographic distribution, and several morpho-anatomical features. Biogeographically all three species are found in the Benguela Marine Province of South Africa, with C. occidentale being the most widespread. Chamberlainium glebosum also has a wide, but disjunct distribution and C. capense is another South African endemic non-geniculate coralline, whose range is restricted to a 43 km stretch of coastline. Thus far, DNA sequences from type specimens of non-geniculate corallines show that only those species whose type localities are from South Africa are correctly applied; all other non-geniculate coralline names are likely misapplied in South Africa.
Keywords	DNA ; algae ; coasts ; geographical distribution ; habitats ; new species ; South Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0223
Size	p. 19-40.
Publishing place	De Gruyter
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	1475447-2
ISSN	1437-4323 ; 0006-8055
ISSN (online)	1437-4323
ISSN	0006-8055
DOI	10.1515/bot-2020-0074
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Article: Reassignment of some South African species to Chamberlainium, with a comment about the recognition of families of Corallinales (Rhodophyta)

Puckree-Padua, Courtney A / Haywood, Allison / Gabrielson, Paul W / Maneveldt, Gavin W

Phycologia. 2020 Nov. 01, v. 59, no. 6

2020

Abstract: Using an integrated taxonomic approach, DNA sequencing of field-collected and historical type specimens, as well as morpho-anatomical characters and species’ ecology and biogeography, we reassessed the single-most ecologically important non-geniculate ... ...

Abstract	Using an integrated taxonomic approach, DNA sequencing of field-collected and historical type specimens, as well as morpho-anatomical characters and species’ ecology and biogeography, we reassessed the single-most ecologically important non-geniculate coralline algal genus, Spongites, in South Africa. DNA sequences (psbA, rbcL) from type and recently collected specimens formed well-supported clades within Chamberlainoideae, all aligning closer to the generitype of Chamberlainium, C. tumidum, than to the generitype of Spongites, S. fruticulosus (Neogoniolithoideae, Corallinales). Nine species of Chamberlainoideae are now confirmed for South Africa, eight in Chamberlainium and one in Pneophyllum. South African specimens called Spongites discoideus and S. yendoi, both with type localities far removed from South Africa, Argentina and Japan, respectively, are not those species. The latter species had included seven cryptic to pseudocryptic species. We describe the most ecologically important of these species, Chamberlainium cochleare sp. nov., as well as resurrect Lithophyllum natalense, and transfer both it and Spongites impar to Chamberlainium. Additionally, we argue that within the monophyletic Corallinales it is premature to elevate subfamilies to families when several subfamilies have no distinguishing morpho-anatomical characters. Furthermore, some morpho-anatomical characters that have been proposed to distinguish subfamilies vary even within a single subfamily.
Keywords	DNA ; Japan ; Lithophyllum ; Pneophyllum ; algae ; biogeography ; ecology ; monophyly ; Argentina ; South Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1101
Size	p. 464-496.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2243466-5
ISSN	2330-2968 ; 0031-8884
ISSN (online)	2330-2968
ISSN	0031-8884
DOI	10.1080/00318884.2020.1795797
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Article ; Online: Phymatolithopsis gen. nov. (Hapalidiales, Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta) based on molecular and morpho-anatomical evidence.

Jeong, So Young / Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo / Maneveldt, Gavin W / Gabrielson, Paul W / Nelson, Wendy A / Won, Boo Yeon / Cho, Tae Oh

Journal of phycology

2022 Volume 58, Issue 1, Page(s) 161–178

Abstract: A multigene (psbA, rbcL, 18S rDNA) molecular phylogeny of the genus Phymatolithon showed a polyphyletic grouping of two monophyletic clades within the Hapalidiales. DNA sequence data integrated with morpho-anatomical comparisons of type material and of ... ...

Abstract	A multigene (psbA, rbcL, 18S rDNA) molecular phylogeny of the genus Phymatolithon showed a polyphyletic grouping of two monophyletic clades within the Hapalidiales. DNA sequence data integrated with morpho-anatomical comparisons of type material and of recently collected specimens were used to establish Phymatolithopsis gen. nov. with three species, P. prolixa comb. nov., the generitype, P. repanda comb. nov. and P. donghaensis sp. nov. Phymatolithopsis is sister to Mesophyllum and occurs in a clade distinct from Phymatolithon and boreal species currently assigned to Lithothamnion. Morpho-anatomically, Phymatolithopsis is comprised of species that are non-geniculate and encrusting, bear epithallial cells with rounded walls (not flared), subepithallial initials that are usually as short as or shorter than their immediate inward derivatives, conceptacle primordia from all stages forming superficially directly from subepithallial initials, mature carposporangial conceptacles with a discontinuous fusion cell, gonimoblast filaments that develop at the margins of the fusion cell around the periphery of the carposporangial conceptacle chambers, and multiporate tetra/bisporangial conceptacles. Phymatolithopsis can be distinguished from Phymatolithon by the origin of its conceptacle primordia, which are initiated superficially, directly from the layer of subepithallial initials below the epithallial cells and the distribution of gonimoblast filaments in carposporangial conceptacles, that are at the margins of the fusion cells.
MeSH term(s)	Base Sequence ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Rhodophyta/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
Chemical Substances	DNA, Ribosomal ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	281226-5
ISSN	1529-8817 ; 0022-3646
ISSN (online)	1529-8817
ISSN	0022-3646
DOI	10.1111/jpy.13227
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Article: Phymatolithopsis gen. nov. (Hapalidiales, Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta) based on molecular and morpho‐anatomical evidence

Jeong, So Young / Diaz‐Pulido, Guillermo / Maneveldt, Gavin W. / Gabrielson, Paul W. / Nelson, Wendy A. / Won, Boo Yeon / Cho, Tae Oh

Journal of phycology. 2022 Feb., v. 58, no. 1

2022

Abstract: A multigene (psbA, rbcL, 18S rDNA) molecular phylogeny of the genus Phymatolithon showed a polyphyletic grouping of two monophyletic clades within the Hapalidiales. DNA sequence data integrated with morpho‐anatomical comparisons of type material and of ... ...

Abstract	A multigene (psbA, rbcL, 18S rDNA) molecular phylogeny of the genus Phymatolithon showed a polyphyletic grouping of two monophyletic clades within the Hapalidiales. DNA sequence data integrated with morpho‐anatomical comparisons of type material and of recently collected specimens were used to establish Phymatolithopsis gen. nov. with three species, P. prolixa comb. nov., the generitype, P. repanda comb. nov. and P. donghaensis sp. nov. Phymatolithopsis is sister to Mesophyllum and occurs in a clade distinct from Phymatolithon and boreal species currently assigned to Lithothamnion. Morpho‐anatomically, Phymatolithopsis is comprised of species that are non‐geniculate and encrusting, bear epithallial cells with rounded walls (not flared), subepithallial initials that are usually as short as or shorter than their immediate inward derivatives, conceptacle primordia from all stages forming superficially directly from subepithallial initials, mature carposporangial conceptacles with a discontinuous fusion cell, gonimoblast filaments that develop at the margins of the fusion cell around the periphery of the carposporangial conceptacle chambers, and multiporate tetra/bisporangial conceptacles. Phymatolithopsis can be distinguished from Phymatolithon by the origin of its conceptacle primordia, which are initiated superficially, directly from the layer of subepithallial initials below the epithallial cells and the distribution of gonimoblast filaments in carposporangial conceptacles, that are at the margins of the fusion cells.
Keywords	Lithothamnium ; Mesophyllum ; Phymatolithon ; Ursidae ; algology ; monophyly ; nucleotide sequences ; polyphyly
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-02
Size	p. 161-178.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	281226-5
ISSN	1529-8817 ; 0022-3646
ISSN (online)	1529-8817
ISSN	0022-3646
DOI	10.1111/jpy.13227
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: DNA Sequencing of Type Material Reveals Pneophyllum marlothii comb. nov. from South Africa and P. discoideum comb. nov. (Chamberlainoideae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from Argentina.

Puckree-Padua, Courtney A / Gabrielson, Paul W / Hughey, Jeffery R / Maneveldt, Gavin W

Journal of phycology

2020 Volume 56, Issue 6, Page(s) 1625–1641

Abstract: A partial rbcL sequence from the type material of Spongites discoideus from southern Argentina showed that it was distinct from rbcL sequences of South African specimens to which that name had been applied based on morpho-anatomy. A partial rbcL sequence ...

Abstract	A partial rbcL sequence from the type material of Spongites discoideus from southern Argentina showed that it was distinct from rbcL sequences of South African specimens to which that name had been applied based on morpho-anatomy. A partial rbcL sequence from an original syntype specimen, herein designated the lectotype, of Lithophyllum marlothii, type locality Camps Bay, Western Cape Province, South Africa, was identical to rbcL sequences of South African field-collected specimens assigned to S. discoideus. Based on phylogenetic analyses of rbcL and/or psbA sequences, both of these species belong in Pneophyllum and are transferred there as P. discoideum comb. nov. and P. marlothii comb. nov. The two species exhibit a distinct type of development where thick, secondary, monomerous disks are produced from thin, primary, dimerous crusts. Whether this type of development represents an example of convergent evolution or is characteristic of a clade of species within Pneophyllum remains to be resolved.
MeSH term(s)	Argentina ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Rhodophyta/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; South Africa
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	281226-5
ISSN	1529-8817 ; 0022-3646
ISSN (online)	1529-8817
ISSN	0022-3646
DOI	10.1111/jpy.13047
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Article: Rhodolith Bed Discovered off the South African Coast

Adams, Luther A / Maneveldt, Gavin W / Green, Andrew / Karenyi, Natasha / Parker, Denham / Samaai, Toufiek / Kerwath, Sven

Diversity. 2020 Mar. 27, v. 12, no. 4

2020

Abstract: Rhodolith beds have not previously been recorded in South Africa. A multidisciplinary research effort used remote sampling tools to survey the historically unexplored continental shelf off the Eastern Cape coast of South Africa. A rhodolith bed, bearing ... ...

Abstract	Rhodolith beds have not previously been recorded in South Africa. A multidisciplinary research effort used remote sampling tools to survey the historically unexplored continental shelf off the Eastern Cape coast of South Africa. A rhodolith bed, bearing both living and dead non-geniculate coralline red algae, was discovered in the 30–65 m depth range off the Kei River mouth in the newly proclaimed Amathole Offshore Marine Protected Area. Some of the rhodolith forming coralline algal specimens were identified as belonging to at least three genera based on their morphology and anatomy, namely, Lithophyllum, Lithothamnion and a non-descript genus. Rhodolith mean mass and diameter were 44.85 g ± 34.22 g and 41.28 mm ± 10.67 mm (N = 13), respectively. Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) imagery revealed a suite of epibenthic red macroalgae associated with the rhodolith bed. Taxonomy, vertical structure and distribution of rhodoliths in South Africa require further investigation.
Keywords	Lithophyllum ; Lithothamnium ; anatomy and morphology ; coasts ; continental shelf ; macroalgae ; marine protected areas ; surveys ; taxonomy ; South Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0327
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518137-3
ISSN	1424-2818
ISSN	1424-2818
DOI	10.3390/d12040125
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