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Article: Knowing Old Age in the Renaissance: Medicine, Poetry, and Spirituality in Ulisse Aldrovandi's Encyclopedia of Old Age.

Marcus, Hannah

2024 Volume 84, Issue 1, Page(s) 51–75

Abstract: Over more than thirty years the Bolognese botanist, natural historian, and physician Ulisse Aldrovandi compiled his Pandechion epistemonicon-a manuscript encyclopedia composed of pasted note slips drawn from books he was reading. This article examines ... ...

Abstract	Over more than thirty years the Bolognese botanist, natural historian, and physician Ulisse Aldrovandi compiled his Pandechion epistemonicon-a manuscript encyclopedia composed of pasted note slips drawn from books he was reading. This article examines the 580 slips that comprise Aldrovandi's Pandechion entry on old age. The entry allows us to examine how an early modern physician and his intellectual community approached old age as an epistemological problem with medical, poetic, and spiritual dimensions. Aldrovandi's engagement with old age in the Pandechion presents a fluid set of disciplinary boundaries for how we understand old age in the past and present.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Spirituality ; Books
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1481685-4
ISSN	1086-3222 ; 0022-5037
ISSN (online)	1086-3222
ISSN	0022-5037
DOI	10.1353/jhi.2023.0002
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Engaging the health sector in climate-resilient WASH development.

Marcus, Hannah

Journal of water and health

2023 Volume 21, Issue 7, Page(s) 851–855

Abstract: The impact of climate change on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) has driven an increased focus on climate-resilient WASH development. Evidence suggests that adaptation in the WASH sector is underway, but the progress is limited in certain domains ... ...

Abstract	The impact of climate change on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) has driven an increased focus on climate-resilient WASH development. Evidence suggests that adaptation in the WASH sector is underway, but the progress is limited in certain domains and the participation of the public health community may be lacking. Using the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) as a climate vulnerability setting for this analysis, this study aimed to identify factors that impede full engagement of the health sector in climate-resilient WASH development. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 WASH sector stakeholders across lakeside urban centers in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. Several barriers to health sector engagement were identified including factors related to donor-driven financing and priority setting, a relative neglect of climate vulnerabilities associated with sanitation and hygiene, ministerial siloes, and broader systems of adaptation governance which compromise health sector leadership in climate adaptation. These results suggest room for expansion of interdisciplinary collaborations and deepened involvement of the health sector in WASH-related climate adaptation, which starts with addressing these and other barriers to full health sector engagement.
MeSH term(s)	Sanitation/methods ; Water ; Water Supply ; Hygiene ; Public Health
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2123845-5
ISSN	1996-7829 ; 1477-8920
ISSN (online)	1996-7829
ISSN	1477-8920
DOI	10.2166/wh.2023.207
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Article ; Online: Long life: Aging and the anxieties of longevity from the premodern to the present.

Wechsler, Caroline / Marcus, Hannah

Endeavour

2023 Volume 47, Issue 3, Page(s) 100876

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed concerns around life span and aging, but these tensions and anxieties around longevity are not new. Physicians, scientists, and philosophers have been meditating on the idea and consequences of life extension for many ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed concerns around life span and aging, but these tensions and anxieties around longevity are not new. Physicians, scientists, and philosophers have been meditating on the idea and consequences of life extension for many centuries. In this short article, we put into conversation some of the ways that people have understood longevity from the early modern period to the present. We trace the history of texts like Alvise Cornaro's Treatise on the Sober Life through present-day dieting manuals, consider accounts of extreme old age from Old Man Parr in the sixteenth century to Jeanne Calment in the twentieth, and reflect on the role of caretakers for older adults, from Gabriele Zerbi's fifteenth-century gerontocomos to graphic novel representations of aging parents in the present. Our goal is to represent the history of human longevity and aging as integrated, dynamic processes, helping us better explain and address the present treatment of elders and how to improve their care in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Aged ; Longevity ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Aging ; Life Expectancy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243167-1
ISSN	1873-1929 ; 0013-7162 ; 0160-9327 ; 0141-3058
ISSN (online)	1873-1929
ISSN	0013-7162 ; 0160-9327 ; 0141-3058
DOI	10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100876
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Article ; Online: A Spatial Memory Deficit in Male But Not Female Rats After Neonatal Diazepam Exposure: A New Model for Developmental Sedative Neurotoxicity.

Chinn, Gregory A / Cummins, Marcus H / Sall, Jeffrey W

Anesthesia and analgesia

2024 Volume 138, Issue 4, Page(s) 856–865

Abstract: Background: Developmental anesthetic neurotoxicity is well described in animal models for GABAergic, sedating drugs. Here we investigate the role of the benzodiazepine, diazepam on spatial and recognition memory of young adult rats after neonatal ... ...

Abstract	Background: Developmental anesthetic neurotoxicity is well described in animal models for GABAergic, sedating drugs. Here we investigate the role of the benzodiazepine, diazepam on spatial and recognition memory of young adult rats after neonatal exposure. Methods: On postnatal day 7, male (n = 30) and female (n = 30) rats were exposed to diazepam (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally) or vehicle. On postnatal day 42, animals started a series of behavioral tests including Barnes maze (spatial memory), object recognition battery (recognition memory), and open field and elevated plus maze (anxiety). In a separate cohort, blood gases were obtained from diazepam-exposed animals and compared to isoflurane-exposed animals (1 MAC for 4 hours). Results: Male animals exposed to diazepam had impaired performance in the Barnes maze and were unable to differentiate the goal quadrant from chance (1-sample t test; tdiazepam/male (14) = 1.49, P = .158). Female rats exposed to diazepam performed the same as the vehicle controls ( tdiazepam/female (12) = 3.4, P = .005, tvehicle/female (14) = 3.62, P = .003, tvehicle/male (13) = 4.76, P < .001). There were no statistical differences in either males or females in measures of recognition memory, anxiety, or locomotor activity in other behavioral tests. Physiologic measurements of arterial blood gases taken from animals under sedation with diazepam were much less aberrant than those exposed to the volatile anesthetic isoflurane by t test (pH diazepam [M = 7.56, standard deviation {SD} = 0.11] versus pH Isoflurane [M = 7.15, SD = 0.02], t (10) = 8.93, P < .001; Paco 2diazepam [M = 32.8 mm Hg, SD = 10.1] versus Paco 2Isoflurane [M = 91.8 mm Hg, SD = 5.8], t (10) = 8.93, P < .001). Conclusions: The spatial memory results are consistent with volatile anesthetic suggesting a model in which development of the GABA system plays a critical role in determining susceptibility to behavioral deficits.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Rats ; Animals ; Male ; Female ; Diazepam/toxicity ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/toxicity ; Isoflurane/toxicity ; Spatial Memory ; Memory Disorders/chemically induced ; Anesthetics ; Gases ; Maze Learning/physiology
Chemical Substances	Diazepam (Q3JTX2Q7TU) ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Isoflurane (CYS9AKD70P) ; Anesthetics ; Gases
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-06-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80032-6
ISSN	1526-7598 ; 0003-2999
ISSN (online)	1526-7598
ISSN	0003-2999
DOI	10.1213/ANE.0000000000006583
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Article ; Online: Claims of anomalously long fasting: An assessment of the evidence from investigated cases.

Mast, Marcus H

Explore (New York, N.Y.)

2020 Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) 287–296

Abstract: Background: Throughout history and to the present day, there have been reports of people claiming inedia, i.e., an anomalous long-term abstinence from food or from food and fluid. Some were isolated and monitored and their abstinences confirmed. This ... ...

Abstract	Background: Throughout history and to the present day, there have been reports of people claiming inedia, i.e., an anomalous long-term abstinence from food or from food and fluid. Some were isolated and monitored and their abstinences confirmed. This raises the question of whether there may be an anomaly with wide implications that science has overlooked. On the other hand, there have been cases of exposed fraud. The reports on the studies are scattered and it can be difficult to judge their rigor and the strength and implications of their evidence. A critical evaluation seems useful. Objectives: The objectives were to obtain an overview of investigated cases of claimed inedia, to assess the anomaly of the claims and study results, to assess the quality of the studies, and to identify deception methods to inform future safeguards. Method: I developed criteria for differentiating normal from anomalous nutrition and fasting and for assessing the quality of inedia studies. Studies found through a systematic search were then assessed and the features of cases of fraud extracted. Results: 47 eligible investigations of 38 claimants were found. Out of the 38 cases, results were assessed as (seemingly) anomalous in 11, with nine cases of monitored food and fluid deprivation ranging from 14 to 68 days (median 28 days), and two cases of food deprivation for 365 and 411 days. In 17 cases, anomaly was assessed as not confirmed due to issues with study design or reporting. Fraud was established in 10 cases. Deception methods were creative. Post-1900 studies were also assessed for quality. Quality was not considered adequate in any. Conclusions: I consider the evidential status of inedia unconfirmed as no assessed study had both anomalous findings and impeccable quality. However, quality was often downgraded due to reporting issues and it cannot be concluded in reverse that all claimants with anomalous results were able to deceive the investigators. The results of many studies are curious and demand further research. The conducted analysis provides guidance for improving rigor and transparency in future studies.
MeSH term(s)	Anorexia/physiopathology ; Deception ; Fasting/physiology ; Fraud ; Humans ; Research Design/standards ; Starvation ; Water/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2183945-1
ISSN	1878-7541 ; 1550-8307
ISSN (online)	1878-7541
ISSN	1550-8307
DOI	10.1016/j.explore.2020.05.015
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Article ; Online: Department of Defense and Eye Injury Data: Shedding New Light.

Colyer, Marcus H

Military medicine

2020 Volume 185, Issue 11-12, Page(s) 487–488

MeSH term(s)	Dark Adaptation ; Eye ; Eye Injuries/epidemiology ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	391061-1
ISSN	1930-613X ; 0026-4075
ISSN (online)	1930-613X
ISSN	0026-4075
DOI	10.1093/milmed/usaa156
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Article ; Online: Open-globe injuries: A global issue of protection.

Colyer, Marcus H

Clinical & experimental ophthalmology

2019 Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 437–438

MeSH term(s)	Eye ; Eye Injuries ; Eye Injuries, Penetrating ; Humans ; Morbidity ; New Zealand
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-08
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2014008-3
ISSN	1442-9071 ; 1442-6404
ISSN (online)	1442-9071
ISSN	1442-6404
DOI	10.1111/ceo.13562
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Article: Fungating Breast Cancer with Metastasis in a Developed Country: A Caveat to Our Strategy.

Chinnappan, Justine / Marcus, Huda / Dawood, Thair / Bachuwa, Ghassan

Chonnam medical journal

2023 Volume 59, Issue 3, Page(s) 194–195

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-25
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2536217-3
ISSN	2233-7393 ; 2233-7385 ; 0377-9564
ISSN (online)	2233-7393
ISSN	2233-7385 ; 0377-9564
DOI	10.4068/cmj.2023.59.3.194
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Article: Protein S Deficiency and COVID-19: A Brutal Combination Leading to Acute Submassive Bilateral Pulmonary Embolism.

Chirumamilla, Yashitha / Almerstani, Yaman / Marcus, Huda / Bachuwa, Ghassan

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 7, Page(s) e41560

Abstract: Protein S deficiency is a form of inherited thrombophilia that occurs due to low levels of or improper function of protein S. The role of protein S is to inactivate procoagulant factors, and a deficiency results in an increased risk of thrombotic events. ...

Abstract	Protein S deficiency is a form of inherited thrombophilia that occurs due to low levels of or improper function of protein S. The role of protein S is to inactivate procoagulant factors, and a deficiency results in an increased risk of thrombotic events. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has also been studied to increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to an interplay of several mechanisms. However, the risk of VTE in patients affected by both of these disease processes simultaneously has not been thoroughly studied, and so recommendations regarding routine screening and prophylaxis of VTE have also not been established. We discuss the case of a 46-year-old woman with a past history of protein S deficiency and a recent COVID-19 infection who presented with complaints of shortness of breath. Upon examination, she was found to be hypoxic and tachycardic. A computed tomography angiography of the chest was done and revealed acute submassive bilateral pulmonary embolism with right heart strain and pulmonary infarcts. She was initially treated with intravenous heparin and later transitioned to oral anticoagulation for a minimum of six months.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.41560
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Article: Left Ventricular Noncompaction in Concomitance With Heroin Use Disorder.

Chirumamilla, Yashitha / Chakrala, Nihara / Marcus, Huda

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e45366

Abstract: Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a rare congenital condition defined by the presence of prominent trabeculations in the myocardial layer of the left ventricle. The clinical presentation is varied as some patients are asymptomatic and others have ... ...

Abstract	Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a rare congenital condition defined by the presence of prominent trabeculations in the myocardial layer of the left ventricle. The clinical presentation is varied as some patients are asymptomatic and others have symptoms of decompensated heart failure, arrhythmias, or thromboembolism. We present the case of a 42-year-old female with a past medical history of asthma and substance use disorder who presented to the Emergency Department following a syncopal event. The patient had used heroin intranasally, following which she became unresponsive for several minutes. Her husband witnessed the event and initiated chest compressions. When examined by emergency medical services (EMS), she had a palpable pulse and was given naloxone. The patient underwent further evaluation and was admitted for the treatment of aspiration pneumonia. Throughout her hospital stay, she complained of chest pain with musculoskeletal characteristics, likely secondary to chest compressions. However, due to the persistence of pain, she had further cardiac evaluation done. Her electrocardiography (EKG) revealed a normal sinus rhythm with no acute ischemic changes. Her echocardiography revealed left ventricular apical trabeculations with normal systolic and diastolic function, in line with the diagnosis of LVNC. Upon discharge, she was extensively counseled to abstain from substance use and to follow up with cardiology for a cardiac event monitor. Given her initial syncopal event and high-risk substance use behavior, she would benefit from close follow-up for the presence of arrhythmias.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.45366
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