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Article: Cultivar-dependent and drought-induced modulation of secondary metabolites, adaptative defense in

Oksana, Sytar / Marek, Kovar / Marian, Brestic / Marek, Zivcak

Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology

2023 Volume 29, Issue 10, Page(s) 1605–1618

Abstract: The present study investigates the biochemical responses of buckwheat to drought stress, particularly focusing on phenolic acids and flavonoids, abundant in this crop. We hypothesize that distinct genotypic responses to drought stress will lead to ... ...

Abstract	The present study investigates the biochemical responses of buckwheat to drought stress, particularly focusing on phenolic acids and flavonoids, abundant in this crop. We hypothesize that distinct genotypic responses to drought stress will lead to variations in phenolic acid accumulation. Two common buckwheat cultivars, Panda (East European origin) and PI 482597 (originating from Zimbabwe), were subjected to drought treatment, with biochemical traits, relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments regularly assessed. While chlorophyll content remained unaffected by dehydration, total carotenoid content decreased. The unique increase in the chlorophyll to carotenoid ratio suggests a specific role of carotenoids in buckwheat's metabolic stress response. While most phenolic acids and flavonoids exhibited increasing trends during progressive dehydration, their dynamics differed. Notably, rutin content increased early in drought stress, while chlorogenic acid and kaempferol showed enhanced levels only under severe dehydration. Genotypic differences were observed in chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and quercetin. Conversely, trans-p-coumaric acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, rutin, and kaempferol showed similar trends in both cultivars. By aligning observed drought-induced changes in phenolic compound contents with biosynthesis pathways, trade-offs between individual compounds were identified, contributing to the mechanistic understanding of varied stress responses.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-09
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487126-6
ISSN	0974-0430 ; 0971-5894
ISSN (online)	0974-0430
ISSN	0971-5894
DOI	10.1007/s12298-023-01376-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Diversity of Leaf Cuticular Transpiration and Growth Traits in Field-Grown Wheat and Aegilops Genetic Resources

Kristína Gašparovič / Marek Živčák / Marián Brestič / Pavol Hauptvogel

Agronomy, Vol 11, Iss 522, p

2021 Volume 522

Abstract: Plants are subjected to unregulated water loss from their surface by cuticular transpiration. Therefore, specific morphophysiological changes may occur during leaf development to eliminate water loss. This study aimed to examine the cuticular ... ...

Abstract	Plants are subjected to unregulated water loss from their surface by cuticular transpiration. Therefore, specific morphophysiological changes may occur during leaf development to eliminate water loss. This study aimed to examine the cuticular transpiration of 23 winter wheat genotypes and their wild-growing predecessors of the genus Aegilops , which were divided into three groups to demonstrate their diversity. The genotypes were sown in autumn and grown in regular field trials at the Research Institute of Plant Production in Piešťany, Slovakia. Cuticular transpiration and growth parameters were analyzed in the postanthesis growth stage. Gravimetric measurement of residual water loss was performed on detached leaves with a precisely measured leaf area. The lowest nonproductive transpiration values were observed in modern wheat genotypes, while higher cuticular transpiration was observed in a group of landraces. Aegilops species generally showed the highest cuticular transpiration with increased water loss, but the total water loss per plot was low due to the low leaf area of the wild wheat relatives. Some of the growth parameters showed a good correlation with cuticular transpiration (e.g., dry mass per plant), but direct relationships between leaf traits and cuticular transpiration were not observed. This study identified a high diversity in cuticular resistance to water loss in wheat and Aegilops accessions of different origins. The potential of identifying and exploiting genetic resources with favorable cuticular transpiration in crop breeding is discussed.
Keywords	cuticular transpiration ; winter wheat ; Aegilops genotypes ; morpho-physiological traits ; Agriculture ; S
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Plants Recovery Performance from Water Stress

Viera Šajbidorová / Dagmar Hillová / Marek Živčák / Helena Lichtnerová

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Vol 67, Iss 2, Pp 453-

2019 Volume 462

Abstract: Recovery of plants after water stress events represents their high suitability for the urban condition areas. Reaction to drought and recovery of woody plants Cornus mas L., Lonicera caerulea L. and perennials Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm., Geranium ... ...

Abstract	Recovery of plants after water stress events represents their high suitability for the urban condition areas. Reaction to drought and recovery of woody plants Cornus mas L., Lonicera caerulea L. and perennials Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm., Geranium maculatum L., Geranium x magnificum Hyl. ‘Rosemoor’ and Geranium ‘Philippe Vapelle’ were evaluate. Within a pot experiment the non‑destructive methods of monitoring: measurement of chlorophyll content using chlorophyll meter CL‑01, leaf stomatal conductance using Delta T Leaf porometer AP4 and modulated chlorophyll fluorescence using Hansatech FMS 1 were chosen. Based upon our results we may demonstrate different protective mechanisms of plants in water stress conditions. An increase in the chlorophyll concentration in stress‑exposed tissues and recovery of stomatal conductance in Cornus mas L. and in Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. were observed. In Cornus mas L. and Lonicera caerulea L. the early recovery of parameter ɸPSII (after 2 days of re‑watering) and the delayed recovery (after 6 days of re‑watering) in Geranium plants and Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm.) were shown.
Keywords	water stress ; recovery performance ; drought tolerant woody plants ; drought tolerant perennials ; Agriculture ; S ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Mendel University Press
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Comparative analysis of bioactive phenolic compounds composition from 26 medicinal plants

Oksana Sytar / Irene Hemmerich / Marek Zivcak / Cornelia Rauh / Marian Brestic

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 4, Pp 631-

2018 Volume 641

Abstract: Bioactive phenolic compounds are powerful antioxidants in traditionally used medicinal and industrial crop plants and have attracted increased interest in the last years in their application and role in non-destructive methodology for pre-screening ... ...

Abstract	Bioactive phenolic compounds are powerful antioxidants in traditionally used medicinal and industrial crop plants and have attracted increased interest in the last years in their application and role in non-destructive methodology for pre-screening analysis of some stress factors. In this study the qualitative target was linked with future possible applications of received data for improving non-destructive methodology as well as for improving existing knowledge regarding antioxidant content in some plant species. Comparative analysis of total phenolics, flavonoid contents, phenolic acid composition, and antioxidant activity in known east central Europe medicinal and industrial crop plants of 26 species of families Asteraceae, Rosaceae and Lamiaceae was done. Among the investigated leaf extracts the highest total phenolic, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity have been seen for Stachys byzantine L. (Lamiaceae), Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae) and for Potentilla recta L. (Rosaceae). The highest syringic acid content has been found in the leaf extracts of plant family Asteraceae – in the range from 0.782 to 5.078 mg g−1 DW. The representative’s family Rosaceae has a higher content of p-anisic acid in the range 0.334–3.442 mg g−1DW compared to the leaf extracts of families Lamiaceae and Asteraceae. The comparative study showed significant differences of content of phenolic acids in the leaf extracts of different representative’s families Rosaceae, Asteraceae and Lamiaceae. We suggest that the presence of some phenolic acids can be used as a possible marker for family botanical specifications of representative families Asteraceae and Rosaceae. It was supposed that some pharmacological effects can be connected with the analyzed data. Keywords: Phenolic compounds, Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, Antioxidant activity, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae
Keywords	Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Bioactive Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Properties of the Grains and Sprouts of Colored Wheat Genotypes

Oksana Sytar / Paulina Bośko / Marek Živčák / Marian Brestic / Iryna Smetanska

Molecules, Vol 23, Iss 9, p

2018 Volume 2282

Abstract: The grains and sprouts of colored wheat genotypes (having blue, purple and yellow colored grains) contain specific anthocyanidins, such as pelargonidin and cyanidin derivatives, that produce beneficial health effects. The objective of the presented study ...

Abstract	The grains and sprouts of colored wheat genotypes (having blue, purple and yellow colored grains) contain specific anthocyanidins, such as pelargonidin and cyanidin derivatives, that produce beneficial health effects. The objective of the presented study is to compare the antioxidant capacity and contents of bioactive phytochemicals in grains and sprouts of wheat genotypes that differ in grain color. The methods α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activities, together with spectrophotometrical and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) methods, were used to study the presence of total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins and anthocyanidins (pelargonidin, peonidin, cyanidin, delphinidin) content. It was predicted that the sprouts of all colored wheat genotypes would have significantly higher total flavonoids, total phenolics, anthocyanidin levels and antioxidant activity than the grains. The correlation results between antioxidant activity and contents of bioactive phytochemicals in grains and sprouts of colored wheat genotypes have shown a high correlation for cyanidin and pelargonidin, especially in grains, as well as quercetin in sprouts. It was found that total anthocyanin, quercetin and pelargonidin contents were significantly higher in the sprouts of the purple wheat genotypes than in the blue or yellow wheat genotypes. Delphinidin was detected at a higher level in the grains than in the sprouts of the blue wheat genotypes. Peonidin was present at very low quantities in the grains of all colored wheat genotypes. The sprouts of the purple wheat genotypes, among the colored wheat genotypes, had the highest pelargonidin, cyanidin and quercetin contents and, therefore, can be a promising source for functional food use.
Keywords	wheat ; anthocyanidins ; pelargonidin ; cyanidin ; antioxidants ; antioxidant activity ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Photosynthetic responses of sun- and shade-grown chlorophyll b deficient mutant of wheat

Kristyna KUNDERLIKOVA / Marian BRESTIC / Marek ŽIVČÁK / Patricia KUSNIAROVA

Journal of Central European Agriculture, Vol 17, Iss 4, Pp 950-

2016 Volume 956

Abstract: In this study, were compared the photosynthetic performance of chlorophyll b (Chl b)-deficient mutant lines (ANK-32A and ANK-32B) and wild type (WT) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under sun and shade light regimes, at fourth fully developed ...

Abstract	In this study, were compared the photosynthetic performance of chlorophyll b (Chl b)-deficient mutant lines (ANK-32A and ANK-32B) and wild type (WT) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under sun and shade light regimes, at fourth fully developed leaf, grown in pots under natural climatic conditions. Analyses were based on measurements of pigment composition and fast chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence kinetics. The content of Chl a+b sun (WT 372, ANK-32A 144 and ANK-32B 128 mgm-2) versus shade (WT 293, ANK-32A 150 and ANK-32B 151 mgm-2) was statistically significant and the difference between WT and mutant ANK. Unlike the sun-grown, shade grown plants of ANK mutants did not express a severe chlorina phenotype.
Keywords	photosynthetic pigments ; sun and shade leaves ; wheat ; Agriculture ; S
Language	Bulgarian
Publishing date	2016-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: The impact of newly synthesized sulfonamides on soil microbial population and respiration in rhizospheric soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Ammara Saleem / Asma Zulfiqar / Muhammad Zeeshan Arshed / Saber Hussain / Muhammad Tajammal Khan / Marek Zivcak / Ali Tan Kee Zuan / Shrouq M Alshahrani / Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 4, p e

2022 Volume 0264476

Abstract: Antibiotics released into agricultural fields through the manure of grazing animals could exert harmful impacts on soil microbes and plants. Antibiotics exert high impacts on environment than other pharmaceuticals due to their higher biological activity. ...

Abstract	Antibiotics released into agricultural fields through the manure of grazing animals could exert harmful impacts on soil microbes and plants. Antibiotics exert high impacts on environment than other pharmaceuticals due to their higher biological activity. However, little is known about their impacts on plants, despite indications that antibiotics exert negative effects on soil microorganisms, which ultimately harm the plants. It has been demonstrated that beneficial microorganisms promote plant growth and development under various stresses. This study evaluated the toxicity of four newly derived sulfonamides (SAs), i.e., 2-(phenylsulfonyl) hydrazine carbothioamide (TSBS-1), N, 2-bis phenyl hydrazine carbothioamide (TSBS-2), aminocarbonyl benzene sulfonamide (UBS-1), and N, N'-carbonyl dibenzene sulfonamide (UBS-2) on bacterial growth and soil microbial respiration. Each SA was tested at four different concentrations (i.e., 2.25, 2.5, 3, 4 mg/ml) against five rhizospheric bacterial strains, including AC (Actinobacteria sp.), RS-3a (Bacillus sp.), RS-7a (Bacillus subtilis), RS-4a (Enterobacter sp.), and RS-5a (Enterobacter sp.). Antimicrobial activity was checked by disc diffusion method, which showed that inhibition zone increased with increasing concentration of SAs. The UBS-1 resulted in the highest inhibition zone (11.47 ± 0.90 mm) against RS-4a with the highest concentration (4 mg/ml). Except TSBS-1, all sulfonamide derivatives reduced CO2 respiration rates in soil. Soil respiration values significantly increased till 6th day; however, exposure of sulfonamide derivatives suppressed microbial respiration after 6th day. On the 20th day, poor respiration activity was noted at 0.23, 0.2, and 0.4 (CO2 mg/g dry soil) for TSBS-1, UBS-1, and UBS-2, respectively. Our results demonstrate that sulfonamides, even in small concentrations, significantly affect soil microbial population and respiration. Soil microbial respiration changes mediated by sulfonamides were dependent on length of exposure and concentration. It is ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: The impact of PEG-induced drought stress on seed germination and seedling growth of different bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes.

Shahzadi Mahpara / Aleena Zainab / Rehmat Ullah / Salma Kausar / Muhammad Bilal / Muhammad Imran Latif / Muhammad Arif / Imran Akhtar / Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi / Mohamed S Elshikh / Marek Zivcak / Ali Tan Kee Zuan

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 2, p e

2022 Volume 0262937

Abstract: Wheat is an important crop, used as staple food in numerous countries around the world. However, wheat productivity is low in the developing world due to several biotic and abiotic stresses, particularly drought stress. Non-availability of drought- ... ...

Abstract	Wheat is an important crop, used as staple food in numerous countries around the world. However, wheat productivity is low in the developing world due to several biotic and abiotic stresses, particularly drought stress. Non-availability of drought-tolerant wheat genotypes at different growth stages is the major constraint in improving wheat productivity in the developing world. Therefore, screening/developing drought-tolerant genotypes at different growth stages could improve the productivity of wheat. This study assessed seed germination and seedling growth of eight wheat genotypes under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced stress. Two PEG-induced osmotic potentials (i.e., -0.6 and -1.2 MPa) were included in the study along with control (0 MPa). Wheat genotypes included in the study were 'KLR-16', 'B6', 'J10', '716', 'A12', 'Seher', 'KTDH-16', and 'J4'. Data relating to seed germination percentage, root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoot, root/shoot length ratio and chlorophyll content were recorded. The studied parameters were significantly altered by individual and interactive effects of genotypes and PEG-induced osmotic potentials. Seed germination and growth parameters were reduced by osmotic potentials; however, huge differences were noted among genotypes. A reduction of 32.83 to 53.50% was recorded in seed germination, 24.611 to 47.75% in root length, 37.83 to 53.72% in shoot length, and 53.35 to 65.16% in root fresh weight. The genotypes, 'J4', 'KLR-16' and 'KTDH-16', particularly 'J4' better tolerated increasing osmotic potentials compared to the rest of the genotypes included in the study. Principal component analysis segregated these genotypes from the rest of the genotypes included in the study indicated that these can be used in the future studies to improve the drought tolerance of wheat crop. The genotype 'J4' can be used as a breeding material to develop drought resistant wheat genotypes.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Performance of Medicago sativa Grown in Clay Soil Favored by Compost or Farmyard Manure to Mitigate Salt Stress

Sonia Mbarki / Milan Skalicky / Ons Talbi / Amrita Chakraborty / Frantisek Hnilicka / Vaclav Hejnak / Marek Zivcak / Marian Brestic / Artemi Cerda / Chedly Abdelly

Agronomy, Vol 10, Iss 1, p

2020 Volume 94

Abstract: The use of saline water for the irrigation of forage crops to alleviate water scarcity has become necessary in semi-arid and arid regions and researchers have been seeking ways to offset the harmful results of soil salinity. Soil amendments with compost, ...

Abstract	The use of saline water for the irrigation of forage crops to alleviate water scarcity has become necessary in semi-arid and arid regions and researchers have been seeking ways to offset the harmful results of soil salinity. Soil amendments with compost, manure and other organic material provide a valuable source of plant nutrients and appear to speed up soil recovery. The aim of this study was to compare the benefits of farmyard manure and a municipal solid waste (MSW) compost (40 mg ha −1 ) for raising alfalfa ( Medicago sativa , cv. Gabès) under salt-water irrigation. Both compost and manure improved plant mineral uptake and growth of alfalfa cultivated in clay soil. Using compost in clay soil increased the content of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) in plant tissues compared to manure, while the bio-accumulation factor (BAF) of Cu, Pb and Zn was higher in plants grown with manure compared to MSW compost with salt stress. Compost addition could enhance alfalfa growth under salt stress, which depends on salt doses and can greatly improve the recovery effects in a cost-effective way, although additional amendment type should receive special attention in order to be used as a tool for sustainable agriculture.
Keywords	alfalfa ; salinity ; msw compost ; farmyard manure ; nutrient content ; heavy metal bioaccumulation ; Agriculture ; S
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Chlorophyll Fluorescence Kinetics May Be Useful to Identify Early Drought and Irrigation Effects on Photosynthetic Apparatus in Field-Grown Wheat

Lenka Botyanszka / Marek Zivcak / Erik Chovancek / Oksana Sytar / Viliam Barek / Pavol Hauptvogel / Andrej Halabuk / Marian Brestic

Agronomy, Vol 10, Iss 1275, p

2020 Volume 1275

Abstract: To assess the reliability and sensitivity of non-invasive optical methods to detect the early effects of water deficit in the field, we analyzed the time-series of non-invasive measurements obtained in a dry season in a representative collection of wheat ...

Abstract	To assess the reliability and sensitivity of non-invasive optical methods to detect the early effects of water deficit in the field, we analyzed the time-series of non-invasive measurements obtained in a dry season in a representative collection of wheat genotypes grown in small-plot field trials, in non-irrigated and irrigated variants. Despite a progressive water deficit and significant yield loss, the measurements indicated very minor changes in chlorophyll content or canopy cover. This corresponded well to the insignificant differences in spectral reflectance normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values. On the other hand, we identified the significant and rapid response of fast fluorescence kinetics data following the onset of irrigation. Analysis of parameters showed the main effects of drought were associated with changes in the amplitude of the I–P phase of the OJIP transient, indicating changes at the level of photosystem I and beyond. Statistical analyses identified the integrative parameter performance index PI tot as the most sensitive parameter, which well-reflects the differences in responses of the genotypes to water deficit. Our results suggest that focusing on photosynthetic functions detected by the rapid chlorophyll fluorescence records can provide more accurate information on the drought stress level, compared to the structural data obtained by absorbance or reflectance measurements.
Keywords	chlorophyll fluorescence ; spectral reflectance ; drought ; stress ; phenotyping ; wheat ; Agriculture ; S
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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