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  1. Article ; Online: Novel Therapeutic Approaches with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors for Melanoma Treatment.

    Maresca, Luisa / Stecca, Barbara / Carrassa, Laura

    Cells

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 9

    Abstract: Targeted therapies against components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and immunotherapies, which block immune checkpoints, have shown important clinical benefits in melanoma patients. However, most patients develop resistance, with ...

    Abstract Targeted therapies against components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and immunotherapies, which block immune checkpoints, have shown important clinical benefits in melanoma patients. However, most patients develop resistance, with consequent disease relapse. Therefore, there is a need to identify novel therapeutic approaches for patients who are resistant or do not respond to the current targeted and immune therapies. Melanoma is characterized by homologous recombination (HR) and DNA damage response (DDR) gene mutations and by high replicative stress, which increase the endogenous DNA damage, leading to the activation of DDR. In this review, we will discuss the current experimental evidence on how DDR can be exploited therapeutically in melanoma. Specifically, we will focus on PARP, ATM, CHK1, WEE1 and ATR inhibitors, for which preclinical data as single agents, taking advantage of synthetic lethal interactions, and in combination with chemo-targeted-immunotherapy, have been growing in melanoma, encouraging the ongoing clinical trials. The overviewed data are suggestive of considering DDR inhibitors as a valid therapeutic approach, which may positively impact the future of melanoma treatment.
    MeSH term(s) DNA Damage ; Homologous Recombination ; Humans ; Melanoma/drug therapy ; Melanoma/genetics ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells11091466
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening for Identification of Negative Modulators of GLI1 as Potential Anticancer Agents.

    Manetti, Fabrizio / Stecca, Barbara / Santini, Roberta / Maresca, Luisa / Giannini, Giuseppe / Taddei, Maurizio / Petricci, Elena

    ACS medicinal chemistry letters

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) 832–838

    Abstract: Starting from known GLI1 inhibitors, a pharmacophore-based virtual screening approach was applied to databases of commercially available compounds with the aim of identifying new GLI1 modulators. As a result, three different chemical scaffolds emerged ... ...

    Abstract Starting from known GLI1 inhibitors, a pharmacophore-based virtual screening approach was applied to databases of commercially available compounds with the aim of identifying new GLI1 modulators. As a result, three different chemical scaffolds emerged that were characterized by a significant ability to reduce the transcriptional activity of the endogenous Hedgehog-GLI pathway and GLI1 protein level in murine NIH3T3 cells. They also showed a micromolar antiproliferative activity in human melanoma (A375) and medulloblastoma (DAOY) cell lines, without cytotoxicity in non-neoplastic mammary epithelial cells.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1948-5875
    ISSN 1948-5875
    DOI 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00639
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Combined Inhibition of Smoothened and the DNA Damage Checkpoint WEE1 Exerts Antitumor Activity in Cholangiocarcinoma.

    Anichini, Giulia / Raggi, Chiara / Pastore, Mirella / Carrassa, Laura / Maresca, Luisa / Crivaro, Enrica / Lottini, Tiziano / Duwe, Lea / Andersen, Jesper B / Tofani, Lorenzo / Di Tommaso, Luca / Banales, Jesus M / Arcangeli, Annarosa / Marra, Fabio / Stecca, Barbara

    Molecular cancer therapeutics

    2023  Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 343–356

    Abstract: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is characterized by resistance to chemotherapy and a poor prognosis. Therefore, treatments that can effectively suppress tumor growth are urgently needed. Aberrant activation of hedgehog (HH) signaling has been implicated in ... ...

    Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is characterized by resistance to chemotherapy and a poor prognosis. Therefore, treatments that can effectively suppress tumor growth are urgently needed. Aberrant activation of hedgehog (HH) signaling has been implicated in several cancers, including those of the hepatobiliary tract. However, the role of HH signaling in intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) has not been completely elucidated. In this study, we addressed the function of the main transducer Smoothened (SMO) and the transcription factors (TFs) GLI1 and GLI2 in iCCA. In addition, we evaluated the potential benefits of the combined inhibition of SMO and the DNA damage kinase WEE1. Transcriptomic analysis of 152 human iCCA samples showed increased expression of GLI1, GLI2, and Patched 1 (PTCH1) in tumor tissues compared with nontumor tissues. Genetic silencing of SMO, GLI1, and GLI2 inhibited the growth, survival, invasiveness, and self-renewal of iCCA cells. Pharmacologic inhibition of SMO reduced iCCA growth and viability in vitro, by inducing double-strand break DNA damage, leading to mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death. Importantly, SMO inhibition resulted in the activation of the G2-M checkpoint and DNA damage kinase WEE1, increasing the vulnerability to WEE1 inhibition. Hence, the combination of MRT-92 with the WEE1 inhibitor AZD-1775 showed increased antitumor activity in vitro and in iCCA xenografts compared with single treatments. These data indicate that combined inhibition of SMO and WEE1 reduces tumor burden and may represent a strategy for the clinical development of novel therapeutic approaches in iCCA.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; DNA Damage ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Smoothened Receptor/genetics ; Smoothened Receptor/metabolism ; Zinc Finger Protein GLI1/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cell Cycle Proteins ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Smoothened Receptor ; WEE1 protein, human (EC 2.7.10.2) ; Zinc Finger Protein GLI1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2063563-1
    ISSN 1538-8514 ; 1535-7163
    ISSN (online) 1538-8514
    ISSN 1535-7163
    DOI 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-22-0379
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Targeting GLI1 and GLI2 with small molecule inhibitors to suppress GLI-dependent transcription and tumor growth.

    Maresca, Luisa / Crivaro, Enrica / Migliorini, Francesca / Anichini, Giulia / Giammona, Alessandro / Pepe, Sara / Poggialini, Federica / Vagaggini, Chiara / Giannini, Giuseppe / Sestini, Serena / Borgognoni, Lorenzo / Lapucci, Andrea / Dreassi, Elena / Taddei, Maurizio / Manetti, Fabrizio / Petricci, Elena / Stecca, Barbara

    Pharmacological research

    2023  Volume 195, Page(s) 106858

    Abstract: Aberrant activation of Hedgehog (HH) signaling in cancer is the result of genetic alterations of upstream pathway components (canonical) or other oncogenic mechanisms (noncanonical), that ultimately concur to activate the zinc-finger transcription ... ...

    Abstract Aberrant activation of Hedgehog (HH) signaling in cancer is the result of genetic alterations of upstream pathway components (canonical) or other oncogenic mechanisms (noncanonical), that ultimately concur to activate the zinc-finger transcription factors GLI1 and GLI2. Therefore, inhibition of GLI activity is a good therapeutic option to suppress both canonical and noncanonical activation of the HH pathway. However, only a few GLI inhibitors are available, and none of them have the profile required for clinical development due to poor metabolic stability and aqueous solubility, and high hydrophobicity. Two promising quinoline inhibitors of GLI were selected by virtual screening and subjected to hit-to-lead optimization, thus leading to the identification of the 4-methoxy-8-hydroxyquinoline derivative JC19. This molecule impaired GLI1 and GLI2 activities in several cellular models interfering with the binding of GLI1 and GLI2 to DNA. JC19 suppressed cancer cell proliferation by enhancing apoptosis, inducing a strong anti-tumor response in several cancer cell lines in vitro. Specificity towards GLI1 and GLI2 was demonstrated by lower activity of JC19 in GLI1- or GLI2-depleted cancer cells. JC19 showed excellent metabolic stability and high passive permeability. Notably, JC19 inhibited GLI1-dependent melanoma xenograft growth in vivo, with no evidence of toxic effects in mice. These results highlight the potential of JC19 as a novel anti-cancer agent targeting GLI1 and GLI2.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Zinc Finger Protein GLI1/antagonists & inhibitors ; Zinc Finger Protein Gli2/antagonists & inhibitors ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/pathology
    Chemical Substances GLI1 protein, human ; GLI2 protein, human ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors ; Nuclear Proteins ; Transcription Factors ; Zinc Finger Protein GLI1 ; Zinc Finger Protein Gli2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1003347-6
    ISSN 1096-1186 ; 0031-6989 ; 1043-6618
    ISSN (online) 1096-1186
    ISSN 0031-6989 ; 1043-6618
    DOI 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106858
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Quinolines and Oxazino-quinoline Derivatives as Small Molecule GLI1 Inhibitors Identified by Virtual Screening.

    Manetti, Fabrizio / Maresca, Luisa / Crivaro, Enrica / Pepe, Sara / Cini, Elena / Singh, Snigdha / Governa, Paolo / Maramai, Samuele / Giannini, Giuseppe / Stecca, Barbara / Petricci, Elena

    ACS medicinal chemistry letters

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 8, Page(s) 1329–1336

    Abstract: A virtual screening approach based on a five-feature pharmacophoric model for negative modulators of GLI1 was applied to databases of commercially available compounds. The resulting quinoline derivatives showed significant ability to reduce the GLI1 ... ...

    Abstract A virtual screening approach based on a five-feature pharmacophoric model for negative modulators of GLI1 was applied to databases of commercially available compounds. The resulting quinoline derivatives showed significant ability to reduce the GLI1 protein level and were characterized by submicromolar antiproliferative activity toward human melanoma A375 and medulloblastoma DAOY cell lines. Decoration of the quinoline ring and chemical rigidification to an oxazino-quinoline scaffold allowed us to deduce SAR considerations for future ligand optimization.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1948-5875
    ISSN 1948-5875
    DOI 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00249
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: E3 ubiquitin ligase PARK2, an inhibitor of melanoma cell growth, is repressed by the oncogenic ERK1/2-ELK1 transcriptional axis.

    Montagnani, Valentina / Maresca, Luisa / Apollo, Alessandro / Pepe, Sara / Carr, Ryan M / Fernandez-Zapico, Martin E / Stecca, Barbara

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2020  Volume 295, Issue 47, Page(s) 16058–16071

    Abstract: Malignant melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer, is characterized by high prevalence ... ...

    Abstract Malignant melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer, is characterized by high prevalence of
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Substitution ; Cell Line, Tumor ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/genetics ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Melanoma/genetics ; Melanoma/metabolism ; Melanoma/pathology ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mutation, Missense ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism ; ets-Domain Protein Elk-1/genetics ; ets-Domain Protein Elk-1/metabolism
    Chemical Substances ELK1 protein, human ; Membrane Proteins ; ets-Domain Protein Elk-1 ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27) ; parkin protein (EC 2.3.2.27) ; BRAF protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf (EC 2.7.11.1) ; GTP Phosphohydrolases (EC 3.6.1.-) ; NRAS protein, human (EC 3.6.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.RA120.014615
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Effect of BRCA1 missense variants on gene reversion in DNA double-strand break repair mutants and cell cycle-arrested cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    Lodovichi, Samuele / Bellè, Francesca / Cervelli, Tiziana / Lorenzoni, Alessandra / Maresca, Luisa / Cozzani, Cristina / Caligo, Maria Adelaide / Galli, Alvaro

    Mutagenesis

    2019  Volume 35, Issue 2, Page(s) 189–195

    Abstract: Evaluation of the functional impact of germline BRCA1 variants that are likely to be associated to breast and ovarian cancer could help to investigate the mechanism of BRCA1 tumorigenesis. Expression of pathogenic BRCA1 missense variants increased ... ...

    Abstract Evaluation of the functional impact of germline BRCA1 variants that are likely to be associated to breast and ovarian cancer could help to investigate the mechanism of BRCA1 tumorigenesis. Expression of pathogenic BRCA1 missense variants increased homologous recombination (HR) and gene reversion (GR) in yeast. We thought to exploit yeast genetics to shed light on BRCA1-induced genome instability and tumorigenesis. We determined the effect on GR of several neutral and pathogenic BRCA1 variants in the yeast strain RSY6wt and its isogenic DSB repair mutants, such as mre11∆, rad50∆ and rad51∆. In the RSY6wt, four out of five pathogenic and two out of six neutral variants significantly increased GR; rad51∆ strain, the pathogenic variants C61G and A1708E induced a weak but significant increase in GR. On the other hand, in rad50∆ mutant expressing the pathogenic variants localised at the BRCT domain, a further GR increase was seen. The neutral variant N132K and the VUS A1789T induced a weak GR increase in mre11∆ mutant. Thus, BRCA1 missense variants require specific genetic functions and presumably induced GR by different mechanisms. As DNA repair is regulated by cell cycle, we determined the effect on GR of BRCA1 variants in cell cycle-arrested RSYwt cells. GR is highly BRCA1-inducible in S-phase-arrested cells as compared to G1 or G2. Sequence analysis of genomic DNA from ILV1 revertant clones showed that BRCA1-induced ilv1-92 reversion by base substitution when GR is at least 6-fold over the control. Our study demonstrated that BRCA1 may interfere with yeast DNA repair functions that are active in S-phase causing high level of GR. In addition, we confirmed here that yeast could be a reliable model to investigate the mechanism and genetic requirements of BRCA1-induced genome instability. Finally, developing yeast-based assays to characterise BRCA1 missense variants could be useful to design more precise therapies.
    MeSH term(s) BRCA1 Protein/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/drug effects ; DNA Repair/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Endodeoxyribonucleases/genetics ; Exodeoxyribonucleases/genetics ; Female ; Genomic Instability/genetics ; Humans ; Mutation, Missense/genetics ; Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology ; Rad51 Recombinase/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Threonine Dehydratase/genetics
    Chemical Substances BRCA1 Protein ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; RAD50 protein, S cerevisiae ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; RAD51 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.7.7.-) ; Rad51 Recombinase (EC 2.7.7.-) ; Endodeoxyribonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; Exodeoxyribonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; MRE11 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 3.1.-) ; ILV1 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 4.3.1.19) ; Threonine Dehydratase (EC 4.3.1.19)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632903-2
    ISSN 1464-3804 ; 0267-8357
    ISSN (online) 1464-3804
    ISSN 0267-8357
    DOI 10.1093/mutage/gez043
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Lung ultrasound imaging in haemodialysis.

    Vitturi, Nicola / Simoni, Francesco / Soattin, Marta / Maresca, Luisa / Dugo, Mauro

    Internal and emergency medicine

    2012  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 87–88

    MeSH term(s) Extravascular Lung Water/diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Renal Dialysis ; Ultrasonography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-07-29
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2454173-4
    ISSN 1970-9366 ; 1828-0447
    ISSN (online) 1970-9366
    ISSN 1828-0447
    DOI 10.1007/s11739-012-0831-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Functional Interaction Between

    Maresca, Luisa / Lodovichi, Samuele / Lorenzoni, Alessandra / Cervelli, Tiziana / Monaco, Rossella / Spugnesi, Laura / Tancredi, Mariella / Falaschi, Elisabetta / Zavaglia, Katia / Landucci, Elisabetta / Roncella, Manuela / Congregati, Caterina / Gadducci, Angiolo / Naccarato, Antonio Giuseppe / Caligo, Maria Adelaide / Galli, Alvaro

    Frontiers in genetics

    2018  Volume 9, Page(s) 397

    Abstract: In this study, we determined if BRCA1 partners involved in DNA double-strand break (DSB) and mismatch repair (MMR) may contribute to breast and ovarian cancer development. Taking advantage the functional conservation of DNA repair pathways between yeast ... ...

    Abstract In this study, we determined if BRCA1 partners involved in DNA double-strand break (DSB) and mismatch repair (MMR) may contribute to breast and ovarian cancer development. Taking advantage the functional conservation of DNA repair pathways between yeast and human, we expressed several BRCA1 missense variants in DNA repair yeast mutants to identify functional interaction between BRCA1 and DNA repair in BRCA1-induced genome instability. The pathogenic p.C61G, pA1708E, p.M775R, and p.I1766S, and the neutral pS1512I BRCA1 variants increased intra-chromosomal recombination in the DNA-repair proficient strain RSY6. In the
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606823-0
    ISSN 1664-8021
    ISSN 1664-8021
    DOI 10.3389/fgene.2018.00397
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  10. Article ; Online: Lung ultrasound during hemodialysis: the role in the assessment of volume status.

    Vitturi, Nicola / Dugo, Mauro / Soattin, Marta / Simoni, Francesco / Maresca, Luisa / Zagatti, Riccardo / Maresca, Maria Cristina

    International urology and nephrology

    2013  Volume 46, Issue 1, Page(s) 169–174

    Abstract: Objective: Fluid balance is important in patients undergoing hemodialysis. "Dry" weight is usually estimated clinically, and also, bioimpedance is considered reliable. Ultrasonography of inferior vena cava (IVC) estimates central venous pressure, and ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Fluid balance is important in patients undergoing hemodialysis. "Dry" weight is usually estimated clinically, and also, bioimpedance is considered reliable. Ultrasonography of inferior vena cava (IVC) estimates central venous pressure, and lung ultrasound evaluates extravascular (counting B-lines artifact) lung water. Our study was aimed to clarify their usefulness in the assessment of volume status during hemodialysis.
    Methods: A total of 71 consecutive patients undergoing hemodialysis underwent lung and IVC ultrasound and bioimpedance spectroscopy immediately before and after dialysis.
    Results: There was a significant reduction in the number of B-lines (3.13 vs 1.41) and in IVC diameters (end-expiratory diameter 1.71 vs 1.37; end-inspiratory diameter 1.19 vs 0.95) during dialysis. The reduction in B-lines correlated with weight reduction during dialysis (p 0.007); none of the parameters concerning the IVC correlated with fluid removal. At the end of the dialysis session, the total number of B-lines correlated with bioimpedance residual weight (p 0.002).
    Discussion: The reduction in B-lines correlated with fluid loss due to hemodialysis, despite the small pre-dialysis number, confirming that lung ultrasound can identify even modest variations in extravascular lung water. IVC ultrasound, which reflects the intravascular filling grade, might not be sensitive enough to detect rapid volume decrease. Clinically estimated dry weight had a poor correlation with both bioimpedance and ultrasound techniques. Post-dialysis B-lines number correlates with residual weight assessed with bioimpedance, suggesting a role for ultrasound in managing hemodialysis patients.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Body Composition ; Body Water/diagnostic imaging ; Electric Impedance ; Female ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Dialysis ; Ultrasonography ; Vena Cava, Inferior/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 204048-7
    ISSN 1573-2584 ; 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
    ISSN (online) 1573-2584
    ISSN 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
    DOI 10.1007/s11255-013-0500-5
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