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Article ; Online: Movimentos negros e ações afirmativas no ensino superior:

Maria Rita Santos

Revista Espaço Acadêmico, Vol 22, Iss

2022 Volume 237

Abstract: Este artigo aborda a centralidade de Movimentos Negros nas lutas pela efetivação das ações afirmativas visando o acesso de estudantes negros oriundos da escola pública à Universidade. Trata-se de discutir a desigualdade racial no ensino superior no Sul ... ...

Abstract	Este artigo aborda a centralidade de Movimentos Negros nas lutas pela efetivação das ações afirmativas visando o acesso de estudantes negros oriundos da escola pública à Universidade. Trata-se de discutir a desigualdade racial no ensino superior no Sul da Bahia, que se manifesta na ausência da população negra na universidade identificada por sujeitos negros moradores da periferia do município de Itabuna em 2001, a partir da realização de uma pesquisa. Considero que os Movimentos Negros, historicamente, atuam para reverter a exclusão de várias formas, dentre as quais: ações coletivas voltadas para a educação da população negra, ao tempo em que, denunciam a omissão por parte do estado brasileiro e sistematizam propostas de políticas públicas efetivas que reconheçam a desigualdade racial como central na formulação de ações afirmativas.
Keywords	Movimento Negro. Ações Afirmativas. Ensino Superior ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Language	Portuguese
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Apresentação - Políticas de Ações Afirmativas:

Mille Caroline Rodrigues Fernandes / Maria Rita Santos

Revista Espaço Acadêmico, Vol 22, Iss

2022 Volume 237

Abstract: Esta Edição Especial é composta por sete artigos resultantes de estudos e pesquisas no âmbito das Políticas de Ações Afirmativas, em particular, discussões com importantes reflexões no enfrentamento às desigualdades raciais no campo educacional. ... ...

Abstract	Esta Edição Especial é composta por sete artigos resultantes de estudos e pesquisas no âmbito das Políticas de Ações Afirmativas, em particular, discussões com importantes reflexões no enfrentamento às desigualdades raciais no campo educacional. Compreendemos, que essa temática sequer faria parte da agenda das políticas públicas sem as lutas reivindicatórias empreendidas por movimentos negros e indígenas, pois, a ausência da dimensão étnico-racial tem sido intencional e estruturante de hierarquias, provocando a naturalização dessas desigualdades. Trata-se de discutir avanços, limites e desafios para a efetiva presença daqueles/as, historicamente, excluídos/as dos espaços de poder e prestígio social.
Keywords	Movimentos Negros ; Acesso e Permanência ; Ensino Superior ; Quilombolas ; Indígenas ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Language	Portuguese
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: TRABALHO E EDUCAÇÃO

Maria Rita Santos da Silva / Selma Suely Baçal de Oliveira

Revista Labor, Vol 1, Iss 16, Pp 80-

IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DA CIDADANIA NO AMAZONAS

2017 Volume 93

Abstract: O artigo objetiva discutir a problemática inerente à relação trabalho e educação e suas implicações para a construção da cidadania. Trata-se de uma análise crítico-reflexiva sobre as transformações no mundo do trabalho e da educação decorrentes, ... ...

Abstract	O artigo objetiva discutir a problemática inerente à relação trabalho e educação e suas implicações para a construção da cidadania. Trata-se de uma análise crítico-reflexiva sobre as transformações no mundo do trabalho e da educação decorrentes, sobretudo, de políticas públicas e do avanço técnico-científico em sintonia a uma retórica de valorização do profissional da educação com programas de qualificação e desenvolvimento sustentável no Amazonas sendo que, ao mesmo tempo e, contraditoriamente, aguçam-se formas de proletarização no mundo do trabalho e da educação pública, como tem mostrado diversos estudos sobre o assunto, dentre os quais se destacam autores como: Antunes (2011), Gatti; Barreto (2009), Gentili (2001), Oliveira (2007), Saviani (2007; 2013) entre outros. Os resultados apontam a necessidade do debate sobre as políticas públicas voltadas para a valorização do profissional da educação, na perspectiva de que se consolidem, de fato e de direito, a construção da cidadania não só no Amazonas, mas em toda a região amazônica e, consequentemente, amplie o desenvolvimento cultural, econômico e social a patamares mais elevados.
Keywords	Social Sciences ; H ; Regional economics. Space in economics ; HT388
Language	Portuguese
Publishing date	2017-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Laboratório de Estudos do Trabalho e Qualificação Profissional - LABOR
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Diseases during pregnancy in a large unselected South American sample

María Rita Santos / Hebe Campaña / Silvina Heisecke / Julia Ratowiecki / Darío Elías / Lucas Giménez / Fernando Adrián Poletta / Juan Gili / Rocío Uranga / Viviana Cosentino / Hugo Krupitzki / Mónica Rittler / Jorge López Camelo

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, Vol

2022 Volume 25

Abstract: ABSTRACT Objective: Our aim was to describe the prevalence of diseases during pregnancy and the association between fetal exposure to the most frequent maternal diseases and the risk of preterm (PTB) and/or small for gestational age (SGA) newborns in an ... ...

Abstract	ABSTRACT Objective: Our aim was to describe the prevalence of diseases during pregnancy and the association between fetal exposure to the most frequent maternal diseases and the risk of preterm (PTB) and/or small for gestational age (SGA) newborns in an unselected sample of women who gave birth in South American countries. Methods: We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study including 56,232 mothers of non-malformed infants born between 2002 and 2016, using data from the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC). Diseases with higher- than-expected PTB/SGA frequencies were identified. Odds ratios of confounding variables for diseases and birth outcomes were calculated with a multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of the 14 most reported diseases, hypertension, genitourinary infection, epilepsy, hypothyroidism, diabetes, and HIV/AIDS showed higher PTB and/or SGA frequencies. Advanced and low maternal age, previous fetal loss, low socioeconomic level, and African-American ancestry were associated with PTB, while advanced maternal age, primigravidity, previous fetal loss, low socioeconomic level, and African-American ancestry were associated with SGA. After adjusting for the associated variables, the identified illnesses maintained their association with PTB and all, except epilepsy, with SGA. Conclusion: The description of an unselected population of mothers allowed identifying the most frequent diseases occurring during gestation and their impact on pregnancy outcomes. Six diseases were associated with PTB and two with SGA newborns. To the best of our knowledge, there are no similar reports about women not intentionally selected by specific diseases during pregnancy in South American populations.
Keywords	Pregnancy ; Disease ; Pregnancy complications ; infectious ; Chronic disease ; Infant ; small for gestational age ; premature ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Associação Brasileira de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Human Y chromosome sequences from Q Haplogroup reveal a South American settlement pre-18,000 years ago and a profound genomic impact during the Younger Dryas.

Paula B Paz Sepúlveda / Andrea Constanza Mayordomo / Camila Sala / Ezequiel Jorge Sosa / Jonathan Javier Zaiat / Mariela Cuello / Marisol Schwab / Daniela Rodríguez Golpe / Eliana Aquilano / María Rita Santos / José Edgardo Dipierri / Emma L Alfaro Gómez / Claudio M Bravi / Marina Muzzio / Graciela Bailliet

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 8, p e

2022 Volume 0271971

Abstract: The settlement of the Americas has been the focus of incessant debate for more than 100 years, and open questions regarding the timing and spatial patterns of colonization still remain today. Phylogenetic studies with complete human Y chromosome ... ...

Abstract	The settlement of the Americas has been the focus of incessant debate for more than 100 years, and open questions regarding the timing and spatial patterns of colonization still remain today. Phylogenetic studies with complete human Y chromosome sequences are used as a highly informative tool to investigate the history of human populations in a given time frame. To study the phylogenetic relationships of Native American lineages and infer the settlement history of the Americas, we analyzed Y chromosome Q Haplogroup, which is a Pan-American haplogroup and represents practically all Native American lineages in Mesoamerica and South America. We built a phylogenetic tree for Q Haplogroup based on 102 whole Y chromosome sequences, of which 13 new Argentine sequences were provided by our group. Moreover, 1,072 new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that contribute to its resolution and diversity were identified. Q-M848 is known to be the most frequent autochthonous sub-haplogroup of the Americas. The present is the first genomic study of Q Haplogroup in which current knowledge on Q-M848 sub-lineages is contrasted with the historical, archaeological and linguistic data available. The divergence times, spatial structure and the SNPs found here as novel for Q-Z780, a less frequent sub-haplogroup autochthonous of the Americas, provide genetic support for a South American settlement before 18,000 years ago. We analyzed how environmental events that occurred during the Younger Dryas period may have affected Native American lineages, and found that this event may have caused a substantial loss of lineages. This could explain the current low frequency of Q-Z780 (also perhaps of Q-F4674, a third possible sub-haplogroup autochthonous of the Americas). These environmental events could have acted as a driving force for expansion and diversification of the Q-M848 sub-lineages, which show a spatial structure that developed during the Younger Dryas period.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Inequidades sociales en madres adolescentes y la relación con resultados perinatales adversos en poblaciones sudamericanas

Julia Ratowiecki / María Rita Santos / Fernando Poletta / Silvina Heisecke / Dario Elias / Juan Gili / Lucas Gimenez / Mariela Pawluk / Rocio Uranga / Viviana Cosentino / Hebe Campaña / Mónica Rittler / Jorge S. López Camelo

Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Vol 36, Iss

2021 Volume 12

Abstract: Resumen: El objetivo fue explicar las diferencias en la frecuencia de eventos perinatales adversos entre madres adolescentes con baja y alta escolaridad. La muestra poblacional se recogió en la base de datos del Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de ... ...

Abstract	Resumen: El objetivo fue explicar las diferencias en la frecuencia de eventos perinatales adversos entre madres adolescentes con baja y alta escolaridad. La muestra poblacional se recogió en la base de datos del Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC). Entre 2.443.747 nacimientos ocurridos en 93 hospitales, se reclutaron 66.755 recién nacidos vivos, sin defectos congénitos, durante el período 2000-2017. Las madres adolescentes se clasificaron según su escolaridad en: baja, media y alta. Se utilizó un modelo multivariado, que incluyó efectos reproductivos, acceso a servicios de salud, variables demográficas-socioeconómicas, así como de grupo étnico. El modelo de descomposición de Fairlie se aplicó para cuantificar la contribución de variables explicativas en las frecuencias de eventos perinatales adversos. De los 66.755 recién nacidos investigados, el 21,1% (n = 14.078) fue primigrávida de madres adolescentes. La distribución por escolaridad materna fue de 24,2%, 59,8% y 16% para baja, media y alta escolaridad, respectivamente. Las mayores frecuencias de eventos perinatales adversos se observaron en madres adolescentes con baja escolaridad. La variable “acceso a servicios de salud” explicó un 35%, 37% y 23% de las disparidades en el bajo peso al nacimiento, prematuridad y retardo de crecimiento intrauterino, respectivamente, entre madres adolescentes con baja y alta escolaridad. El bajo número de consultas prenatales fue el único factor de riesgo para los dos niveles de escolaridad y la variable que mejor explica las diferencias entre las frecuencias de eventos perinatales adversos. Desde el punto de vista de la salud pública, ellos representan una intervención de bajo coste, con posibilidad de que se incrementen mediante información adecuada para la población y medidas sistemáticas en los niveles de atención primaria.
Keywords	Nacimiento Prematuro ; Peso al Nacer ; Embarazo en Adolescencia ; Escolaridad ; Inequidad Social ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: NAT2 and oral clefts

Maria Rita Santos / Hebe Campaña / Laura Smeldy Jurado Medina / Camila Sala / Marina Muzzio / Jorge Santiago Lopez-Camelo / Graciela Bailliet

Revista Argentina de Antropología Biológica, Vol 21, Iss

evaluation of genetic risk and the relative importance of embryo and maternal genotypes

2018 Volume 1

Abstract: Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) is a congenital malformation that shows the characteristics of a multifactorial pathology. In order to describe the genetic predisposition to this disorder, NAT genes were analyzed with special ...

Abstract	Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) is a congenital malformation that shows the characteristics of a multifactorial pathology. In order to describe the genetic predisposition to this disorder, NAT genes were analyzed with special interest since they codify for N-acetyltransferases, the enzymes responsible for the biotransformation of arylamines, hydrazine drugs and a great number of toxins and carcinogens present in diet, cigarette smoke and the environment. The allelic transmission of NAT2 that determines the slow acetylator phenotype in 174 trios (case-mother/father) from ECLAMC (Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations) maternities in Argentina was evaluated. The 4, 5B, 6, and 7 variants by PCR-RFLP were analyzed. A higher risk for the 5B5B genotypes (OR=2. 24; p=0.050) was found, at the expense of the cases from Patagonia, without the influence of the maternal genotype.
Keywords	Anthropology ; GN1-890 ; Physical anthropology. Somatology ; GN49-298
Subject code	610
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Asociación de Antropología Biológica Argentina
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Is recolonization pattern related to female philopatry? An insight into a colonially breeding mammal

Grandi, María Florencia / Enrique Alberto Crespo / Ester Terán / Graciela Bailliet / María Rita Santos / Rocío Loizaga de Castro

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Säugetierkunde Mammalian biology =. 2018 Mar., v. 89

2018

Abstract: Colony formation is related to dispersal, philopatry, conspecific attraction, available suitable habitat, proximity and availability of food resources, and reproductive success. In this study we analyzed if female South American sea lions, (SASL, Otaria ... ...

Abstract	Colony formation is related to dispersal, philopatry, conspecific attraction, available suitable habitat, proximity and availability of food resources, and reproductive success. In this study we analyzed if female South American sea lions, (SASL, Otaria flavescens), exhibit natal fidelity at a small geographic scale (between colonies of the same breeding area) in a context of a recovering population with population expansion and recolonization. We examined the mitochondrial genetic diversity and investigated spatial genetic structure, considering new and traditional colonies. We recovered 36 haplotypes (23 novel), with the contemporary presence of common and private haplotypes in each colony. AMOVA analysis indicated no population genetic structure, however Fst, SAMOVA and AIS analyses suggested some level of genetic structure between northern and southern colonies. Therefore female SASL display different strategies when they choose where to breed: some are residents of -or return to- one particular colony whereas others disperse within the study area. In conclusion the recolonization of SASL may be the effect of weak female philopatry attenuated and/or interacting with other processes like site fidelity to near-by feeding grounds, breeding success, terrestrial habitat selection for breed and dispersal.
Keywords	breeding ; breeding sites ; females ; genetic variation ; habitat preferences ; habitats ; haplotypes ; mammals ; mitochondria ; Otaria bryonia ; philopatry ; population genetics ; population growth ; population structure ; reproductive success
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-03
Size	p. 21-29.
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ISSN	1616-5047
DOI	10.1016/j.mambio.2017.12.002
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A graph theory approach to analyze birth defect associations.

Dario Elias / Hebe Campaña / Fernando Poletta / Silvina Heisecke / Juan Gili / Julia Ratowiecki / Lucas Gimenez / Mariela Pawluk / Maria Rita Santos / Viviana Cosentino / Rocio Uranga / Monica Rittler / Jorge Lopez Camelo

PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 5, p e

2020 Volume 0233529

Abstract: Birth defects are prenatal morphological or functional anomalies. Associations among them are studied to identify their etiopathogenesis. The graph theory methods allow analyzing relationships among a complete set of anomalies. A graph consists of nodes ... ...

Abstract	Birth defects are prenatal morphological or functional anomalies. Associations among them are studied to identify their etiopathogenesis. The graph theory methods allow analyzing relationships among a complete set of anomalies. A graph consists of nodes which represent the entities (birth defects in the present work), and edges that join nodes indicating the relationships among them. The aim of the present study was to validate the graph theory methods to study birth defect associations. All birth defects monitoring records from the Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas gathered between 1967 and 2017 were used. From around 5 million live and stillborn infants, 170,430 had one or more birth defects. Volume-adjusted Chi-Square was used to determine the association strength between two birth defects and to weight the graph edges. The complete birth defect graph showed a Log-Normal degree distribution and its characteristics differed from random, scale-free and small-world graphs. The graph comprised 118 nodes and 550 edges. Birth defects with the highest centrality values were nonspecific codes such as Other upper limb anomalies. After partition, the graph yielded 12 groups; most of them were recognizable and included conditions such as VATER and OEIS associations, and Patau syndrome. Our findings validate the graph theory methods to study birth defect associations. This method may contribute to identify underlying etiopathogeneses as well as to improve coding systems.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	511
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Asociación entre polimorfismos del gen NAT2 y fisura labiopalatina no sindrómica en Argentina

María Rita Santos / Virginia Ramallo / Marina Muzzio / Jorge S López Camelo / Graciela Bailliet

Revista Médica de Chile, Vol 143, Iss 4, Pp 444-

2015 Volume 450

Abstract: Background: NAT genes are considered candidate genes for the genetic predisposition to non-syndromic Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP), since they codify for N-acetyltransferases, enzymes responsible for the biotransformation of arylamines, ... ...

Abstract	Background: NAT genes are considered candidate genes for the genetic predisposition to non-syndromic Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP), since they codify for N-acetyltransferases, enzymes responsible for the biotransformation of arylamines, hydrazine drugs, and a great number of toxins and carcinogens present in diet, cigarette smoke, and environment. Aim: To determine the association between alleles determining slow acetylator phenotype and the risk of NSCLP. Material and Methods: We analyzed 5 (481C>T), 6 (590G>A) and 7 (857G>A) alleles which determine the slow acetylator phenotype and 4 (wild type) allele by polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism in 97 progenitor-case trios of NSCLP in Argentinian Obstetric Wards. We evaluated the transmission disequilibrium (TDT). Results: TDT showed a positive association between allele 5 and NSCLP (odds ratio = 1,6; p = 0,03). Conclusions: The presence of 5 allele is significantly higher in cases with congenital NSCLP.
Keywords	Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase ; Cleft lip ; Cleft palate ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Medicine ; R
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2015-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sociedad Médica de Santiago
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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