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Article ; Online: Factor analysis as a tool to explore the heterogeneity of type 2 diabetes: A feasibility study.

Cresci, Barbara / Mariani, Sara L / Mannucci, Edoardo

2022 Volume 192, Page(s) 110081

Abstract: Aim: Diabetes is currently classified based on pathogenetic mechanisms and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) can be considered a residual heterogeneous category. Factor analysis (FA) identifies a limited number of calculated variables related to a larger number of ...

Abstract	Aim: Diabetes is currently classified based on pathogenetic mechanisms and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) can be considered a residual heterogeneous category. Factor analysis (FA) identifies a limited number of calculated variables related to a larger number of measured parameters, capable of explaining most of their variance. Aim of the present study was to verify the feasibility of the application of FA for the development of pathogenetic models of individual cases of T2DM, using three available databases. Methods: Firstly, a model of FA was applied to an existing dataset of non-diabetic patients, identifying three factors associated with fasting or post-prandial hyperglycemia. These factors were then calculated in: - patients enrolled in a retrospective observational study, assessing time to failure to diabetes treatment in three cohorts of patients (metformin or sulfonylurea monotherapy, or no pharmacological therapy); - in a retrospective cohort of patients failing to dual oral therapy and initiating treatment with DPP4 inhibitors; - in patients enrolled in a case-control study onincident cancer in T2DM subjects initiating insulin treatment. Results and conclusions: Despite limitations, our results confirm the feasibility of approaching the characterization of T2DM through the identification of dimensional factors, providing additional and complementary information to that obtained with cluster analysis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/chemically induced ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Feasibility Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Case-Control Studies ; Sulfonylurea Compounds/therapeutic use ; Metformin/adverse effects ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Drug Therapy, Combination
Chemical Substances	Hypoglycemic Agents ; Sulfonylurea Compounds ; Metformin (9100L32L2N)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-24
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632523-3
ISSN	1872-8227 ; 0168-8227
ISSN (online)	1872-8227
ISSN	0168-8227
DOI	10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110081
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Article ; Online: Radioecological studies of the main naturally occurring radionuclides in the area of Gela Phosphate Industry (Italy) through radioanalytical separation and measurement techniques.

Jia, Guogang / Buchetti, Monica / Conti, Daniela / Magro, Leandro / Mariani, Sara

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine

2022 Volume 184, Page(s) 110173

Abstract: Radioecological studies have been carried out in area of Gela Phosphate Industry. As a part of the project, some achievements have been described in the paper, including: (1) determination of the activity concentrations ... ...

Abstract	Radioecological studies have been carried out in area of Gela Phosphate Industry. As a part of the project, some achievements have been described in the paper, including: (1) determination of the activity concentrations of
MeSH term(s)	Lead ; Phosphates ; Radioisotopes/analysis ; Radium/analysis ; Uranium/analysis
Chemical Substances	Phosphates ; Radioisotopes ; Lead (2P299V784P) ; Uranium (4OC371KSTK) ; Radium (W90AYD6R3Q)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1142596-9
ISSN	1872-9800 ; 0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
ISSN (online)	1872-9800
ISSN	0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
DOI	10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110173
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Article ; Online: Sleep Irregularity and Risk of Cardiovascular Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Huang, Tianyi / Mariani, Sara / Redline, Susan

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

2020 Volume 75, Issue 9, Page(s) 991–999

Abstract: Background: The cardiovascular system exhibits strong circadian rhythms to maintain normal functioning. Irregular sleep schedules, characterized by high day-to-day variability in sleep duration or timing, represent possibly milder but much more common ... ...

Abstract	Background: The cardiovascular system exhibits strong circadian rhythms to maintain normal functioning. Irregular sleep schedules, characterized by high day-to-day variability in sleep duration or timing, represent possibly milder but much more common and chronic disruption of circadian rhythms in the general population than shift work. Objectives: This study aimed to prospectively examine the association between sleep regularity and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: In MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), 1,992 participants free of CVD completed 7-day wrist actigraphy for sleep assessment from 2010 to 2013 and were prospectively followed through 2016. The study assessed sleep regularity using the SD of actigraphy-measured sleep duration and sleep-onset timing across 7 days. Incident CVD included nonfatal and fatal cardiovascular events. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for incident CVD according to SD of sleep duration and timing, adjusted for traditional CVD risk factors (including CVD biomarkers) and other sleep-related factors (including average sleep duration). Results: During a median follow-up of 4.9 years, 111 participants developed CVD events. The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% confidence intervals) for CVD across categories of sleep duration SD were 1.00 (reference) for ≤60 min, 1.09 (0.62 to 1.92) for 61 to 90 min, 1.59 (0.91 to 2.76) for 91 to 120 min, and 2.14 (1.24 to 3.68) for >120 min (p trend = 0.002). Similarly, compared with participants with a sleep timing SD ≤30 min, the HRs (95% confidence intervals) for CVD were 1.16 (0.64 to 2.13) for 31 to 60 min, 1.52 (0.81 to 2.88) for 61 to 90 min, and 2.11 (1.13 to 3.91) for >90 min (p trend = 0.002). Exclusion of current shift workers yielded similar results. Conclusions: Irregular sleep duration and timing may be novel risk factors for CVD, independent of traditional CVD risk factors and sleep quantity and/or quality.
MeSH term(s)	Actigraphy ; Aged ; Basal Metabolism ; Cardiovascular Diseases/ethnology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism ; Circadian Rhythm ; Continental Population Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Sleep ; Sleep Deprivation/complications ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	605507-2
ISSN	1558-3597 ; 0735-1097
ISSN (online)	1558-3597
ISSN	0735-1097
DOI	10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.054
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Article ; Online: Sensitive and accurate methods for determination of low activity level of

Jia, Guogang / Magro, Leandro / Torri, Giancarlo / Mariani, Sara

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine

2020 Volume 169, Page(s) 109547

Abstract: Sensitive, precise and accurate methods for determination of low activity level ... ...

Abstract	Sensitive, precise and accurate methods for determination of low activity level of
MeSH term(s)	Cesium Radioisotopes/analysis ; Limit of Detection ; Poaceae/chemistry ; Strontium Radioisotopes/analysis ; Vegetables/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Cesium Radioisotopes ; Strontium Radioisotopes ; Cesium-137 (4T2E65IAR7) ; Strontium-90 (5TZZ77Z4ER)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1142596-9
ISSN	1872-9800 ; 0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
ISSN (online)	1872-9800
ISSN	0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
DOI	10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109547
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Article ; Online: Preliminary findings for the validity of the Morningness-Eveningness-Stability Scale improved (MESSi): Correlations with activity levels and personality.

Faßl, Corina / Quante, Mirja / Mariani, Sara / Randler, Christoph

Chronobiology international

2018 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 135–142

Abstract: Aim of the present study is an additional validation of the Morningness-Eveningness-Stability Scale improved (MESSi). We screened a total of 97 German students using the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) to identify a subsample (N = 42) ...

Abstract	Aim of the present study is an additional validation of the Morningness-Eveningness-Stability Scale improved (MESSi). We screened a total of 97 German students using the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) to identify a subsample (N = 42) of definite morning and evening types (31% males, mean age: 24.8 ± 5.8 years). The participants provided information about their sleep-wake rhythm (diary), personality traits (questionnaire) and experienced actigraphic monitoring. Correlations of the MESSi components "Morning affect subscale" (MA) (r = 0.91, p < 0.01) and "Eveningness subscale" (r = -0.87, p < 0.01) with the rMEQ showed good convergent validity. MA was also significantly negatively correlated with the acrophase and the midpoint of sleep as measured by actigraphy.
MeSH term(s)	Actigraphy ; Activity Cycles ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Circadian Rhythm ; Female ; Germany ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Personality ; Preliminary Data ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sleep ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Time Factors ; Wakefulness ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	998996-1
ISSN	1525-6073 ; 0742-0528
ISSN (online)	1525-6073
ISSN	0742-0528
DOI	10.1080/07420528.2018.1519570
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Article: Machine learning-based clinical decision support for infection risk prediction.

Feng, Ting / Noren, David P / Kulkarni, Chaitanya / Mariani, Sara / Zhao, Claire / Ghosh, Erina / Swearingen, Dennis / Frassica, Joseph / McFarlane, Daniel / Conroy, Bryan

Frontiers in medicine

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1213411

Abstract: Background: Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) remains a significant risk for hospitalized patients and a challenging burden for the healthcare system. This study presents a clinical decision support tool that can be used in clinical workflows to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) remains a significant risk for hospitalized patients and a challenging burden for the healthcare system. This study presents a clinical decision support tool that can be used in clinical workflows to proactively engage secondary assessments of pre-symptomatic and at-risk infection patients, thereby enabling earlier diagnosis and treatment. Methods: This study applies machine learning, specifically ensemble-based boosted decision trees, on large retrospective hospital datasets to develop an infection risk score that predicts infection before obvious symptoms present. We extracted a stratified machine learning dataset of 36,782 healthcare-associated infection patients. The model leveraged vital signs, laboratory measurements and demographics to predict HAI before clinical suspicion, defined as the order of a microbiology test or administration of antibiotics. Results: Our best performing infection risk model achieves a cross-validated AUC of 0.88 at 1 h before clinical suspicion and maintains an AUC >0.85 for 48 h before suspicion by aggregating information across demographics and a set of 163 vital signs and laboratory measurements. A second model trained on a reduced feature space comprising demographics and the 36 most frequently measured vital signs and laboratory measurements can still achieve an AUC of 0.86 at 1 h before clinical suspicion. These results compare favorably against using temperature alone and clinical rules such as the quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score. Along with the performance results, we also provide an analysis of model interpretability via feature importance rankings. Conclusion: The predictive model aggregates information from multiple physiological parameters such as vital signs and laboratory measurements to provide a continuous risk score of infection that can be deployed in hospitals to provide advance warning of patient deterioration.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2023.1213411
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Article: Prolonged non-invasive respiratory supports in a COVID-19 patient with severe acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Lanza, Andrea / Sommariva, Maurizio / Mariani, Sara / Ferreyra, Gabriela / Stagni, Giuliana Enrica / Tombini, Valeria / Oppizzi, Angela / Pontiggia, Catia / Bellone, Andrea

Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace

2021 Volume 92, Issue 1

Abstract: A pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 was declared in 2020. Severe cases were characterized by the development of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) requiring advanced respiratory support. However, intensive ... ...

Abstract	A pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 was declared in 2020. Severe cases were characterized by the development of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) requiring advanced respiratory support. However, intensive care units (ICU) were saturated, and many patients had to be treated out of ICU. This case describes a 75-year-old man affected by AHRF due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), hospitalized in a high-dependency unit, with PaO2/FiO2 <100 for 28 consecutive days. An experienced team with respiratory physiotherapists was in charge of the noninvasive ventilatory support (NIVS). The patient required permanent NIVS with continuous positive airway pressure, non-invasive ventilation, high flow nasal oxygen and body positioning. He was weaned from NIVS after 37 days and started exercise training afterwards. The patient was discharged at home with low-flow oxygen therapy. This case represents an example of a successful treatment of AHRF with the still controversial noninvasive respiratory support in one patient with COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Male ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; Pandemics ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology ; Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-12
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1160940-0
ISSN	1122-0643 ; 1120-0391
ISSN	1122-0643 ; 1120-0391
DOI	10.4081/monaldi.2021.1783
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Article: Sublimation-like Behavior of Cardiac Dynamics in Heart Failure: A Malignant Phase Transition?

Goldberger, Ary L / Henriques, Teresa / Mariani, Sara

Complexity

2016 Volume 21, Issue Suppl 2, Page(s) 24–32

Abstract: An abrupt transition from sinus cardiac rhythm to atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We propose a conceptual framework for viewing this malignant transition in terms of a type of sublimation marked by the ... ...

Abstract	An abrupt transition from sinus cardiac rhythm to atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We propose a conceptual framework for viewing this malignant transition in terms of a type of sublimation marked by the switch from highly periodic sinus interbeat interval dynamics characteristic of CHF to a state of random disorganization with AF. Sublimation of physical substances involves an increase in entropy via heat transfer. In contrast, the disease-related sublimation-like behavior involves a loss of information content, associated decreases in cardiac bioenergetic capacity and in multiscale entropy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-07-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2004607-8
ISSN	1099-0526 ; 1076-2787
ISSN (online)	1099-0526
ISSN	1076-2787
DOI	10.1002/cplx.21811
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Article ; Online ; Conference proceedings: Phytoestrogens and antioxidants--bits of experimental evidence.

Mariani, Sara M

MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine

2005 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 25

MeSH term(s)	Antioxidants/administration & dosage ; Antioxidants/therapeutic use ; Diet ; Humans ; Menopause/drug effects ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Phytoestrogens/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Phytoestrogens
Language	English
Publishing date	2005
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Congresses
ISSN	1531-0132
ISSN (online)	1531-0132
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Article ; Online ; Conference proceedings: Conference report--extracellular matrix and cancer: revisiting metalloproteinases highlights from the annual meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology; December 13-17, 2003; San Francisco, California.

Mariani, Sara M

MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine

2004 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 25

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Neoplasms/blood supply ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Matrix Metalloproteinases (EC 3.4.24.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Congresses
ISSN	1531-0132
ISSN (online)	1531-0132
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