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Article: Leaf functional traits and monodominance in Southern Amazonia tropical forests

Araújo, Igor / Morandi, Paulo S. / Müller, Angélica O. / Mariano, Lucas H. / Alvarez, Facundo / da Silva, Ivone Vieira / Marimon Junior, Ben Hur / Marimon, Beatriz S.

Plant ecology. 2022 Feb., v. 223, no. 2

2022

Abstract: Tropical monodominant forests are rare communities with low tree species diversity. Species monodominance is not the product of a single mechanism, but the result of a set of not yet fully understood integrated ecological factors acting together. We ... ...

Abstract	Tropical monodominant forests are rare communities with low tree species diversity. Species monodominance is not the product of a single mechanism, but the result of a set of not yet fully understood integrated ecological factors acting together. We compared populations of Brosimum rubescens in monodominant and mixed forests in Southern Amazonia to test whether leaf functional traits are ecological factors related to monodominance. Individuals of B. rubescens in the mixed forest invest in conservative strategies, while those in the monodominant forest invest in acquisitive strategies. Leaf functional traits, such as petiole length and adaxial cuticle thickness, could be associated with the monodominance of B. rubescens. Our study highlights for the first time the power of integrating leaf functional traits as a component of the set of ecological conditions to explain species monodominance. B. rubescens showed different functional strategies to establish and maintain its population in different forests, which makes it a strong competitor for resources, such as water and light, through variation in its leaf functional traits. We also suggest that such high plasticity can be an important condition for the persistence of the species over time.
Keywords	Brosimum ; mixed forests ; petioles ; plant ecology ; species diversity ; trees ; Amazonia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-02
Size	p. 185-200.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1364679-5
ISSN	1573-5052 ; 1385-0237
ISSN (online)	1573-5052
ISSN	1385-0237
DOI	10.1007/s11258-021-01201-w
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Climate defined but not soil-restricted: the distribution of a Neotropical tree through space and time

Alvarez, Facundo / Morandi, Paulo S. / Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur / Exavier, Reginal / Araújo, Igor / Mariano, Lucas H. / Muller, Angélica O. / Feldpausch, Ted R. / Marimon, Beatriz S.

Plant and soil. 2022 Feb., v. 471, no. 1-2

2022

Abstract: Brosimum rubescens, a tree species with Neotropical distribution, can achieve local monodominance in Southern Amazonian forests. Understanding how and why this species varies across space and time is important because the monodominance of some species ... ...

Abstract	Brosimum rubescens, a tree species with Neotropical distribution, can achieve local monodominance in Southern Amazonian forests. Understanding how and why this species varies across space and time is important because the monodominance of some species alters ecosystem complexity. Here we evaluated the fundamental ecological niche of B. rubescens by species distribution models (SDM), combining predictive environmental variables with occurrence points, and determined the temporal persistence and how the spatial distribution patterns of this species vary with different environmental predictive variables. To generate the SDMs, we incorporated predictive environmental variables as main components of climatic, hydric and edaphic variables. All algorithms showed higher performance in spatial predictions for hydric variables and for the combination of climatic, hydric and edaphic variables. We identified that the potential niches of B. rubescens seem to be defined by climatic fluctuations, with the edaphic conditions not limiting the presence of this species in the evaluated spatial scale. From the last glacial maximum to the present, this species seems to have increased its spatial amplitude; however, from the present to the future, predictions suggest that B. rubescens will experience a considerable loss of its range. Our findings showed independent and combined effects of different environmental variables, allowing us to identify which are limiting or facilitating the spatial distribution of B. rubescens. We corroborate the spatial persistence and geographical fidelity of the species’ distribution patterns over time.
Keywords	Brosimum ; Neotropics ; climate ; ecosystems ; geographical distribution ; niches ; soil ; space and time ; trees
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-02
Size	p. 175-191.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	208908-7
ISSN	1573-5036 ; 0032-079X
ISSN (online)	1573-5036
ISSN	0032-079X
DOI	10.1007/s11104-021-05202-6
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Distinct leaf water potential regulation of tree species and vegetation types across the Cerrado–Amazonia transition

Soares Jancoski, Halina / Schwantes Marimon, Beatriz / C. Scalon, Marina / de V. Barros, Fernanda / Marimon‐Junior, Ben Hur / Carvalho, Eder / S. Oliveira, Rafael / Oliveras Menor, Imma

Biotropica. 2022 Mar., v. 54, no. 2

2022

Abstract: The Cerrado–Amazonia transition harbors forest and savanna formations under the influence of pronounced climate seasonality; however, the water use strategies of this key region is not yet well understood. This study aimed at deciphering in intra‐ and ... ...

Abstract	The Cerrado–Amazonia transition harbors forest and savanna formations under the influence of pronounced climate seasonality; however, the water use strategies of this key region is not yet well understood. This study aimed at deciphering in intra‐ and interspecific variability in leaf water potential regulation among species across three distinct vegetation types (typical cerrado, cerradão, and semideciduous seasonal forest) of the Cerrado–Amazonia transition region. We expected a variation across iso/anisohydric strategies driven by plant–environment interactions and by species attributes (phenology and wood density). We selected 21 dominant species (seven per vegetation type), recorded their phenological strategy and wood density, and measured leaf water potential (Ψₗ) during the dry and rainy seasons to analyze variations associated with minimum Ψₗ, predawn Ψₗ (ΔΨₚd), and midday Ψₗ (ΔΨₘd) under the effect of variable vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The variation in Ψₗ across species was higher in the dry season than in the rainy season for all vegetation types. Most species from typical cerrado and cerradão showed similar behavior patterns, with higher Ψₗ regulation under high VPD and lower ΔΨₚd. In contrast, most forest species showed lower regulation under high VPD, and higher ΔΨₚd. Total or partial deciduousness together with strong stomatal regulation seems to be common water regulation strategies in the dry season for cerrado species but not for forest species. Our results suggest that, if drought events become more intense and frequent as predicted, seasonal forest species may be more vulnerable due to their lower Ψₗ regulation. Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Keywords	cerrado ; climate ; deciduous forests ; dominant species ; drought ; dry season ; interspecific variation ; leaf water potential ; phenology ; savannas ; stomatal movement ; trees ; vapor pressure deficit ; wet season ; wood density
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-03
Size	p. 431-443.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2052061-X
ISSN	1744-7429 ; 0006-3606
ISSN (online)	1744-7429
ISSN	0006-3606
DOI	10.1111/btp.13064
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Anatomical functional traits and hydraulic vulnerability of trees in different water conditions in southern Amazonia.

Ribeiro-Júnior, Norberto G / Marimon, Ben Hur / Marimon, Beatriz S / Cruz, Wesley J A / Silva, Ivone V / Galbraith, David R / Gloor, Emanuel / Phillips, Oliver L

American journal of botany

2023 Volume 110, Issue 4, Page(s) e16146

Abstract: Premise: Understanding tree species' responses to drought is critical for predicting the future of tropical forests, especially in regions where the climate is changing rapidly.: Methods: We compared anatomical and functional traits of the dominant ... ...

Abstract	Premise: Understanding tree species' responses to drought is critical for predicting the future of tropical forests, especially in regions where the climate is changing rapidly. Methods: We compared anatomical and functional traits of the dominant tree species of two tropical forests in southern Amazonia, one on deep, well-drained soils (cerradão [CD]) and one in a riparian environment (gallery forest [GF]), to examine potential anatomical indicators of resistance or vulnerability to drought. Results: Leaves of CD species generally had a thicker cuticle, upper epidermis, and mesophyll than those of GF species, traits that are indicative of adaptation to water deficit. In the GF, the theoretical hydraulic conductivity of the stems was significantly higher, indicating lower investment in drought resistance. The anatomical functional traits of CD species indicate a greater potential for surviving water restriction compared to the GF. Even so, it is possible that CD species could also be affected by extreme climate changes due to the more water-limited environment. Conclusions: In addition to the marked anatomical and functional differences between these phytophysiognomies, tree diversity within each is associated with a large range of hydraulic morphofunctional niches. Our results suggest the strong potential for floristic and functional compositional shifts under continued climate change, especially in the GF.
MeSH term(s)	Trees/physiology ; Water/physiology ; Tropical Climate ; Forests ; Droughts ; Plant Leaves/physiology
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2935-x
ISSN	1537-2197 ; 0002-9122
ISSN (online)	1537-2197
ISSN	0002-9122
DOI	10.1002/ajb2.16146
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Anatomical functional traits and hydraulic vulnerability of trees in different water conditions in southern Amazonia

Ribeiro‐Júnior, Norberto G. / Marimon, Ben Hur, Junior / Marimon, Beatriz S. / Cruz, Wesley J. A. / Silva, Ivone V. / Galbraith, David R. / Gloor, Emanuel / Phillips, Oliver L.

American Journal of Botany. 2023 Apr., v. 110, no. 4 p.e16146-

2023

Abstract: PREMISE: Understanding tree species' responses to drought is critical for predicting the future of tropical forests, especially in regions where the climate is changing rapidly. METHODS: We compared anatomical and functional traits of the dominant tree ... ...

Abstract	PREMISE: Understanding tree species' responses to drought is critical for predicting the future of tropical forests, especially in regions where the climate is changing rapidly. METHODS: We compared anatomical and functional traits of the dominant tree species of two tropical forests in southern Amazonia, one on deep, well‐drained soils (cerradão [CD]) and one in a riparian environment (gallery forest [GF]), to examine potential anatomical indicators of resistance or vulnerability to drought. RESULTS: Leaves of CD species generally had a thicker cuticle, upper epidermis, and mesophyll than those of GF species, traits that are indicative of adaptation to water deficit. In the GF, the theoretical hydraulic conductivity of the stems was significantly higher, indicating lower investment in drought resistance. The anatomical functional traits of CD species indicate a greater potential for surviving water restriction compared to the GF. Even so, it is possible that CD species could also be affected by extreme climate changes due to the more water‐limited environment. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the marked anatomical and functional differences between these phytophysiognomies, tree diversity within each is associated with a large range of hydraulic morphofunctional niches. Our results suggest the strong potential for floristic and functional compositional shifts under continued climate change, especially in the GF.
Keywords	climate ; climate change ; drought ; drought tolerance ; forests ; hydraulic conductivity ; mesophyll ; trees ; Amazonia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-04
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2935-x
ISSN	1537-2197 ; 0002-9122
ISSN (online)	1537-2197
ISSN	0002-9122
DOI	10.1002/ajb2.16146
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Intraspecific variation in leaf traits facilitates the occurrence of trees at the Amazonia–Cerrado transition

Araújo, Igor / Marimon, Beatriz S / Scalon, Marina C / Cruz, Wesley J.A / Fauset, Sophie / Vieira, Tiffani C.S / Galbraith, David R / Gloor, Manuel U

Flora. 2021 June, v. 279

2021

Abstract: The ability of plant species to adjust key functional traits through intraspecific variation may determine their success in persisting on our planet in the future, especially in unstable habitats, such as the Amazonia–Cerrado transition zone. We assessed ...

Abstract	The ability of plant species to adjust key functional traits through intraspecific variation may determine their success in persisting on our planet in the future, especially in unstable habitats, such as the Amazonia–Cerrado transition zone. We assessed intraspecific variation in 12 leaf morphological and anatomical traits for four tree species along a savanna–forest gradient, including rocky cerrado, typical cerrado and woodland savanna. Generally, all evaluated species showed great intraspecific variation. Our findings demonstrate that trees occurring in the woodland savanna are potentially more vulnerable to climate change, while in the cerrado the individuals presented higher tolerance to water deficit and high temperatures. Trees occurring in open-canopy habitats showed smaller stomata, higher stomata and trichome densities, compared to the same species growing in the woodland savanna. In contrast, the individuals in the woodland savanna shift leaf traits to increase resource acquisition (e.g. light), showing higher specific leaf area and larger stomata, compared to cerrado individuals. We have shown that vegetation-induced shifts in leaf morphological and anatomical traits are a major effect in within-species variability, with consequences for persistence and tolerance of species under future climatic conditions.
Keywords	cerrado ; climate change ; flora ; intraspecific variation ; savannas ; specific leaf area ; trees ; trichomes ; woodlands
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-06
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	5580-3
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
DOI	10.1016/j.flora.2021.151829
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Functional diversity and regeneration traits of tree communities in the Amazon-Cerrado transition

Cruz, Wesley Jonatar Alves da / Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes / Marimon Junior, Ben Hur / Amorim, Izabel / Morandi, Paulo S. / Phillips, Oliver L.

Elsevier GmbH Flora. 2021 Dec., v. 285

2021

Abstract: In central Brazil, there are strong gradients and discontinuities in vegetation structure and composition between the forests of southern Amazonia and the open savannas of South America's Cerrado. These transitions are often controlled by disturbance ... ...

Abstract	In central Brazil, there are strong gradients and discontinuities in vegetation structure and composition between the forests of southern Amazonia and the open savannas of South America's Cerrado. These transitions are often controlled by disturbance processes, and the ability of vegetation to respond to climatic and environmental changes may depend on the regeneration traits of the different floras present. In this study we aim to assess the regeneration traits of tree communities of the Amazon-Cerrado transition and to understand how they differ among and within the markedly different vegetation types. We sampled 39 one-hectare long-term monitoring plots that include typical cerrado (TC = 10), cerradão (CD = 3), gallery forests (GF = 3), floodplain forests (FF = 6), seasonal and open rainforests (SF = 17). The regeneration traits assessed included dispersal syndrome (zoochory, anemochory, and autochory), fruit consistency (dry and fleshy), number of seeds per fruit, and diaspore dimensions (width and length). We found differences among the vegetation types, in all regeneration traits. These tended to be aggregate by vegetation structure, being similar for cerrado and cerradão species, and similar for SF, FF and GF (more forested vegetation). Vegetation types did not differ in functional diversity, however, while regeneration traits among seasonal and open rainforests were well-dispersed, in floodplain forests they were more clustered. Tree species depend substantially on fauna (zoochoric species between 42 and 86% in vegetation) for the dispersal across all habitats. By considering regeneration traits in the study of tree recruitment and establishment, we will increase our understanding about the dynamics of tree communities in neotropical forests and savannas.
Keywords	Neotropics ; anemochory ; autochory ; cerrado ; fauna ; floodplains ; flora ; fruits ; functional diversity ; species recruitment ; trees ; vegetation structure ; zoochory ; Amazonia ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	5580-3
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
ISSN	0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
DOI	10.1016/j.flora.2021.151952
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Climate change forecasts suggest that the conservation area network in the Cerrado-Amazon transition zone needs to be expanded

Maciel, Everton A. / Oliveira-Filho, Ary T. / Sobral-Souza, Thadeu S. / Marimon, Beatriz S. / Cupertino-Eisenlohr, Mônica A. / José-Silva, Leandro / Eisenlohr, Pedro V.

Acta oecologica. 2021 Oct., v. 112

2021

Abstract: Climate change impacts are important in shaping large ecotones, such as the transition zone between the Cerrado and Amazon rainforest (CAT) biogeographical domains. The accelerating rate of conversion of native vegetation, the most important factor for ... ...

Abstract	Climate change impacts are important in shaping large ecotones, such as the transition zone between the Cerrado and Amazon rainforest (CAT) biogeographical domains. The accelerating rate of conversion of native vegetation, the most important factor for biodiversity loss in the Anthropocene, compounded by projected climate change impacts, requires a review of the effectiveness of existing designated protected areas (PA) and indigenous land (IL), where low-intensity and low-impact land use prevails. We identified priority tree species for conservation and quantified changes in their projected spatial distribution in future climate scenarios to estimate the conservation effectiveness of the current network of PA and IL in the CAT. Applying niche-based models to compare the geographical range of species in current and future climates, we estimated the displacement of species from their current distribution owing to projected climate change. We used four different IPCC emission scenarios for 2050 and quantified the losses or gains in species richness in PA and IL. All species were projected to suffer a reduction of climatically suitable area and a consequent range reduction. Inside both PA and IL there was a projected decrease in richness of the target species under climate change. The current PA network and designated IL in the CAT do not appear to safeguard future conservation of the species they currently contain. The future ‘climate refugia’ that our work identified could form the basis of plans to expand the protected area network in a region that remains under ever increasing pressure of deforestation in Brazil.
Keywords	Anthropocene epoch ; cerrado ; climate ; climate change ; conservation areas ; deforestation ; ecotones ; geographical distribution ; indigenous species ; land use ; species richness ; trees ; Amazonia ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-10
Publishing place	Elsevier Masson SAS
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1033625-4
ISSN	1146-609X
ISSN	1146-609X
DOI	10.1016/j.actao.2021.103764
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Sixteen hundred years of increasing tree cover prior to modern deforestation in Southern Amazon and Central Brazilian savannas

Wright, Jamie L / Bomfim, Barbara / Wong, Corrine I / Marimon‐Júnior, Ben H / Marimon, Beatriz S / Silva, Lucas C. R

Global change biology. 2021 Jan., v. 27, no. 1

2021

Abstract: Tropical ecosystems are under increasing pressure from land‐use change and deforestation. Changes in tropical forest cover are expected to affect carbon and water cycling with important implications for climatic stability at global scales. A major ... ...

Abstract	Tropical ecosystems are under increasing pressure from land‐use change and deforestation. Changes in tropical forest cover are expected to affect carbon and water cycling with important implications for climatic stability at global scales. A major roadblock for predicting how tropical deforestation affects climate is the lack of baseline conditions (i.e., prior to human disturbance) of forest–savanna dynamics. To address this limitation, we developed a long‐term analysis of forest and savanna distribution across the Amazon–Cerrado transition of central Brazil. We used soil organic carbon isotope ratios as a proxy for changes in woody vegetation cover over time in response to fluctuations in precipitation inferred from speleothem oxygen and strontium stable isotope records. Based on stable isotope signatures and radiocarbon activity of organic matter in soil profiles, we quantified the magnitude and direction of changes in forest and savanna ecosystem cover. Using changes in tree cover measured in 83 different locations for forests and savannas, we developed interpolation maps to assess the coherence of regional changes in vegetation. Our analysis reveals a broad pattern of woody vegetation expansion into savannas and densification within forests and savannas for at least the past ~1,600 years. The rates of vegetation change varied significantly among sampling locations possibly due to variation in local environmental factors that constrain primary productivity. The few instances in which tree cover declined (7.7% of all sampled profiles) were associated with savannas under dry conditions. Our results suggest a regional increase in moisture and expansion of woody vegetation prior to modern deforestation, which could help inform conservation and management efforts for climate change mitigation. We discuss the possible mechanisms driving forest expansion and densification of savannas directly (i.e., increasing precipitation) and indirectly (e.g., decreasing disturbance) and suggest future research directions that have the potential to improve climate and ecosystem models.
Keywords	anthropogenic activities ; carbon radioisotopes ; climate ; climate change ; deforestation ; ecosystems ; land use change ; oxygen ; primary productivity ; savannas ; soil organic carbon ; stable isotopes ; strontium ; trees ; tropical forests ; vegetation cover ; Amazonia ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-01
Size	p. 136-150.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.15382
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: A novel in situ passive heating method for evaluating whole-tree responses to daytime warming in remote environments.

Werkmeister, Georgina A / Galbraith, David / Docherty, Emma / Borges, Camilla Silva / da Rocha, Jairo Matos / da Silva, Paulo Alves / Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes / Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur / Phillips, Oliver L / Gloor, Emanuel

Plant methods

2022 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 78

Abstract: Background: Many significant ecosystems, including important non-forest woody ecosystems such as the Cerrado (Brazilian savannah), are under threat from climate change, yet our understanding of how increasing temperatures will impact native vegetation ... ...

Abstract	Background: Many significant ecosystems, including important non-forest woody ecosystems such as the Cerrado (Brazilian savannah), are under threat from climate change, yet our understanding of how increasing temperatures will impact native vegetation remains limited. Temperature manipulation experiments are important tools for investigating such impacts, but are often constrained by access to power supply and limited to low-stature species, juvenile individuals, or heating of target organs, perhaps not fully revealing how entire or mature individuals and ecosystems will react to higher temperatures. Results: We present a novel, modified open top chamber design for in situ passive heating of whole individuals up to 2.5 m tall (but easily expandable) in remote field environments with strong solar irradiance. We built multiple whole-tree heating structures (WTHSs) in an area of Cerrado around native woody species Davilla elliptica and Erythroxylum suberosum to test the design and its effects on air temperature and humidity, while also studying the physiological responses of E. suberosum to short-term heating. The WTHSs raised internal air temperature by approximately 2.5 °C above ambient during the daytime. This increased to 3.4 °C between 09:00 and 17:00 local time when thermal impact was greatest, and during which time mean internal temperatures corresponded closely with maximum ambient temperatures. Heating was consistent over time and across WTHSs of variable size and shape, and they had minimal effect on humidity. E. suberosum showed no detectable response of photosynthesis or respiration to short-term experimental heating, but some indication of acclimation to natural temperature changes. Conclusions: Our WTHSs produced a consistent and reproducible level of daytime heating in line with mid-range climate predictions for the Cerrado biome by the end of the century. The whole-tree in situ passive heating design is flexible, low-cost, simple to build using commonly available materials, and minimises negative impacts associated with passive chambers. It could be employed to investigate the high temperature responses of many understudied species in a range of complex non-forest environments with sufficient solar irradiance, providing new and important insights into the possible impacts of our changing climate.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2203723-8
ISSN	1746-4811
ISSN	1746-4811
DOI	10.1186/s13007-022-00904-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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