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  1. Article: Leaf functional traits and monodominance in Southern Amazonia tropical forests

    Araújo, Igor / Morandi, Paulo S. / Müller, Angélica O. / Mariano, Lucas H. / Alvarez, Facundo / da Silva, Ivone Vieira / Marimon Junior, Ben Hur / Marimon, Beatriz S.

    Plant ecology. 2022 Feb., v. 223, no. 2

    2022  

    Abstract: Tropical monodominant forests are rare communities with low tree species diversity. Species monodominance is not the product of a single mechanism, but the result of a set of not yet fully understood integrated ecological factors acting together. We ... ...

    Abstract Tropical monodominant forests are rare communities with low tree species diversity. Species monodominance is not the product of a single mechanism, but the result of a set of not yet fully understood integrated ecological factors acting together. We compared populations of Brosimum rubescens in monodominant and mixed forests in Southern Amazonia to test whether leaf functional traits are ecological factors related to monodominance. Individuals of B. rubescens in the mixed forest invest in conservative strategies, while those in the monodominant forest invest in acquisitive strategies. Leaf functional traits, such as petiole length and adaxial cuticle thickness, could be associated with the monodominance of B. rubescens. Our study highlights for the first time the power of integrating leaf functional traits as a component of the set of ecological conditions to explain species monodominance. B. rubescens showed different functional strategies to establish and maintain its population in different forests, which makes it a strong competitor for resources, such as water and light, through variation in its leaf functional traits. We also suggest that such high plasticity can be an important condition for the persistence of the species over time.
    Keywords Brosimum ; mixed forests ; petioles ; plant ecology ; species diversity ; trees ; Amazonia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 185-200.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1364679-5
    ISSN 1573-5052 ; 1385-0237
    ISSN (online) 1573-5052
    ISSN 1385-0237
    DOI 10.1007/s11258-021-01201-w
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Climate defined but not soil-restricted: the distribution of a Neotropical tree through space and time

    Alvarez, Facundo / Morandi, Paulo S. / Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur / Exavier, Reginal / Araújo, Igor / Mariano, Lucas H. / Muller, Angélica O. / Feldpausch, Ted R. / Marimon, Beatriz S.

    Plant and soil. 2022 Feb., v. 471, no. 1-2

    2022  

    Abstract: Brosimum rubescens, a tree species with Neotropical distribution, can achieve local monodominance in Southern Amazonian forests. Understanding how and why this species varies across space and time is important because the monodominance of some species ... ...

    Abstract Brosimum rubescens, a tree species with Neotropical distribution, can achieve local monodominance in Southern Amazonian forests. Understanding how and why this species varies across space and time is important because the monodominance of some species alters ecosystem complexity. Here we evaluated the fundamental ecological niche of B. rubescens by species distribution models (SDM), combining predictive environmental variables with occurrence points, and determined the temporal persistence and how the spatial distribution patterns of this species vary with different environmental predictive variables. To generate the SDMs, we incorporated predictive environmental variables as main components of climatic, hydric and edaphic variables. All algorithms showed higher performance in spatial predictions for hydric variables and for the combination of climatic, hydric and edaphic variables. We identified that the potential niches of B. rubescens seem to be defined by climatic fluctuations, with the edaphic conditions not limiting the presence of this species in the evaluated spatial scale. From the last glacial maximum to the present, this species seems to have increased its spatial amplitude; however, from the present to the future, predictions suggest that B. rubescens will experience a considerable loss of its range. Our findings showed independent and combined effects of different environmental variables, allowing us to identify which are limiting or facilitating the spatial distribution of B. rubescens. We corroborate the spatial persistence and geographical fidelity of the species’ distribution patterns over time.
    Keywords Brosimum ; Neotropics ; climate ; ecosystems ; geographical distribution ; niches ; soil ; space and time ; trees
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 175-191.
    Publishing place Springer International Publishing
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 208908-7
    ISSN 1573-5036 ; 0032-079X
    ISSN (online) 1573-5036
    ISSN 0032-079X
    DOI 10.1007/s11104-021-05202-6
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Influence of biochar on the sorption and leaching of thiamethoxan in soil

    Peres, Fernanda Salles Cunha / Petter, Fabiano André / Sinhorin, Adilson Paulo / de Lima, Larissa Borges / Tavanti, Tauan Rimoldi / da Silva Freddi, Onã / Marimon Junior, Ben Hur

    Journal of environmental science and health. 2022 Feb. 1, v. 57, no. 2

    2022  

    Abstract: This study evaluated the long-term effect of biochar application on the sorption and desorption of thiamethoxam in a Haplic Plinthosol. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with combination of doses of mineral fertilizer NPK (0 and ... ...

    Abstract This study evaluated the long-term effect of biochar application on the sorption and desorption of thiamethoxam in a Haplic Plinthosol. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with combination of doses of mineral fertilizer NPK (0 and 300 kg·ha⁻¹ formula 05-25-15) and biochar (0, 16 and 32 Mg ha⁻¹). Deformed soil samples were collected in the field from the 0-0.10 m layer of all plots to determine the sorption and desorption of the thiamethoxam insecticide in the soil; fulvic acid (FA), humic acid (AH) and humin (HUM) carbon contents; and total organic carbon. The Batch slurry method was used to evaluate sorption and desorption. The Freundlich isotherm adequately described thiamethoxam sorption in all treatments. The application of biochar increased the sorption (Kfₛ) and decreased the desorption (Kfd) of thiamethoxam. The sorption intensity (1/n) showed reduction characteristics as the soil concentration of thiamethoxam increased. Biochar has a sorption effect on the soil through covalent bonds and H-bonds with the insecticide molecules, thereby indirectly increasing the sorption potential in the chemical fractions of the organic matter of soil. The application of 32 Mg ha⁻¹ of biochar significantly reduced thiamethoxam in the soil solution. Altogether, the present study reveals that biochar application in soil is a promising tool for mitigating the contaminant potential of thiamethoxam in subsurface waters.
    Keywords Plinthosols ; biochar ; desorption ; environmental science ; fulvic acids ; humic acids ; humin ; long term effects ; mineral fertilizers ; slurries ; soil solution ; sorption ; sorption isotherms ; thiamethoxam ; total organic carbon
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0201
    Size p. 153-163.
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 197072-0
    ISSN 1532-4109 ; 0360-1234
    ISSN (online) 1532-4109
    ISSN 0360-1234
    DOI 10.1080/03601234.2022.2050126
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Distinct leaf water potential regulation of tree species and vegetation types across the Cerrado–Amazonia transition

    Soares Jancoski, Halina / Schwantes Marimon, Beatriz / C. Scalon, Marina / de V. Barros, Fernanda / Marimon‐Junior, Ben Hur / Carvalho, Eder / S. Oliveira, Rafael / Oliveras Menor, Imma

    Biotropica. 2022 Mar., v. 54, no. 2

    2022  

    Abstract: The Cerrado–Amazonia transition harbors forest and savanna formations under the influence of pronounced climate seasonality; however, the water use strategies of this key region is not yet well understood. This study aimed at deciphering in intra‐ and ... ...

    Abstract The Cerrado–Amazonia transition harbors forest and savanna formations under the influence of pronounced climate seasonality; however, the water use strategies of this key region is not yet well understood. This study aimed at deciphering in intra‐ and interspecific variability in leaf water potential regulation among species across three distinct vegetation types (typical cerrado, cerradão, and semideciduous seasonal forest) of the Cerrado–Amazonia transition region. We expected a variation across iso/anisohydric strategies driven by plant–environment interactions and by species attributes (phenology and wood density). We selected 21 dominant species (seven per vegetation type), recorded their phenological strategy and wood density, and measured leaf water potential (Ψₗ) during the dry and rainy seasons to analyze variations associated with minimum Ψₗ, predawn Ψₗ (ΔΨₚd), and midday Ψₗ (ΔΨₘd) under the effect of variable vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The variation in Ψₗ across species was higher in the dry season than in the rainy season for all vegetation types. Most species from typical cerrado and cerradão showed similar behavior patterns, with higher Ψₗ regulation under high VPD and lower ΔΨₚd. In contrast, most forest species showed lower regulation under high VPD, and higher ΔΨₚd. Total or partial deciduousness together with strong stomatal regulation seems to be common water regulation strategies in the dry season for cerrado species but not for forest species. Our results suggest that, if drought events become more intense and frequent as predicted, seasonal forest species may be more vulnerable due to their lower Ψₗ regulation. Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
    Keywords cerrado ; climate ; deciduous forests ; dominant species ; drought ; dry season ; interspecific variation ; leaf water potential ; phenology ; savannas ; stomatal movement ; trees ; vapor pressure deficit ; wet season ; wood density
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-03
    Size p. 431-443.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2052061-X
    ISSN 1744-7429 ; 0006-3606
    ISSN (online) 1744-7429
    ISSN 0006-3606
    DOI 10.1111/btp.13064
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Functional diversity and regeneration traits of tree communities in the Amazon-Cerrado transition

    Cruz, Wesley Jonatar Alves da / Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes / Marimon Junior, Ben Hur / Amorim, Izabel / Morandi, Paulo S. / Phillips, Oliver L.

    Elsevier GmbH Flora. 2021 Dec., v. 285

    2021  

    Abstract: In central Brazil, there are strong gradients and discontinuities in vegetation structure and composition between the forests of southern Amazonia and the open savannas of South America's Cerrado. These transitions are often controlled by disturbance ... ...

    Abstract In central Brazil, there are strong gradients and discontinuities in vegetation structure and composition between the forests of southern Amazonia and the open savannas of South America's Cerrado. These transitions are often controlled by disturbance processes, and the ability of vegetation to respond to climatic and environmental changes may depend on the regeneration traits of the different floras present. In this study we aim to assess the regeneration traits of tree communities of the Amazon-Cerrado transition and to understand how they differ among and within the markedly different vegetation types. We sampled 39 one-hectare long-term monitoring plots that include typical cerrado (TC = 10), cerradão (CD = 3), gallery forests (GF = 3), floodplain forests (FF = 6), seasonal and open rainforests (SF = 17). The regeneration traits assessed included dispersal syndrome (zoochory, anemochory, and autochory), fruit consistency (dry and fleshy), number of seeds per fruit, and diaspore dimensions (width and length). We found differences among the vegetation types, in all regeneration traits. These tended to be aggregate by vegetation structure, being similar for cerrado and cerradão species, and similar for SF, FF and GF (more forested vegetation). Vegetation types did not differ in functional diversity, however, while regeneration traits among seasonal and open rainforests were well-dispersed, in floodplain forests they were more clustered. Tree species depend substantially on fauna (zoochoric species between 42 and 86% in vegetation) for the dispersal across all habitats. By considering regeneration traits in the study of tree recruitment and establishment, we will increase our understanding about the dynamics of tree communities in neotropical forests and savannas.
    Keywords Neotropics ; anemochory ; autochory ; cerrado ; fauna ; floodplains ; flora ; fruits ; functional diversity ; species recruitment ; trees ; vegetation structure ; zoochory ; Amazonia ; Brazil
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-12
    Publishing place Elsevier GmbH
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 5580-3
    ISSN 0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
    ISSN 0367-2530 ; 0373-6490
    DOI 10.1016/j.flora.2021.151952
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: A novel in situ passive heating method for evaluating whole-tree responses to daytime warming in remote environments.

    Werkmeister, Georgina A / Galbraith, David / Docherty, Emma / Borges, Camilla Silva / da Rocha, Jairo Matos / da Silva, Paulo Alves / Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes / Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur / Phillips, Oliver L / Gloor, Emanuel

    Plant methods

    2022  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 78

    Abstract: Background: Many significant ecosystems, including important non-forest woody ecosystems such as the Cerrado (Brazilian savannah), are under threat from climate change, yet our understanding of how increasing temperatures will impact native vegetation ... ...

    Abstract Background: Many significant ecosystems, including important non-forest woody ecosystems such as the Cerrado (Brazilian savannah), are under threat from climate change, yet our understanding of how increasing temperatures will impact native vegetation remains limited. Temperature manipulation experiments are important tools for investigating such impacts, but are often constrained by access to power supply and limited to low-stature species, juvenile individuals, or heating of target organs, perhaps not fully revealing how entire or mature individuals and ecosystems will react to higher temperatures.
    Results: We present a novel, modified open top chamber design for in situ passive heating of whole individuals up to 2.5 m tall (but easily expandable) in remote field environments with strong solar irradiance. We built multiple whole-tree heating structures (WTHSs) in an area of Cerrado around native woody species Davilla elliptica and Erythroxylum suberosum to test the design and its effects on air temperature and humidity, while also studying the physiological responses of E. suberosum to short-term heating. The WTHSs raised internal air temperature by approximately 2.5 °C above ambient during the daytime. This increased to 3.4 °C between 09:00 and 17:00 local time when thermal impact was greatest, and during which time mean internal temperatures corresponded closely with maximum ambient temperatures. Heating was consistent over time and across WTHSs of variable size and shape, and they had minimal effect on humidity. E. suberosum showed no detectable response of photosynthesis or respiration to short-term experimental heating, but some indication of acclimation to natural temperature changes.
    Conclusions: Our WTHSs produced a consistent and reproducible level of daytime heating in line with mid-range climate predictions for the Cerrado biome by the end of the century. The whole-tree in situ passive heating design is flexible, low-cost, simple to build using commonly available materials, and minimises negative impacts associated with passive chambers. It could be employed to investigate the high temperature responses of many understudied species in a range of complex non-forest environments with sufficient solar irradiance, providing new and important insights into the possible impacts of our changing climate.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2203723-8
    ISSN 1746-4811
    ISSN 1746-4811
    DOI 10.1186/s13007-022-00904-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Influence of biochar on the sorption and leaching of thiamethoxan in soil.

    Peres, Fernanda Salles Cunha / Petter, Fabiano André / Sinhorin, Adilson Paulo / de Lima, Larissa Borges / Tavanti, Tauan Rimoldi / da Silva Freddi, Onã / Marimon Junior, Ben Hur

    Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes

    2022  Volume 57, Issue 2, Page(s) 153–163

    Abstract: This study evaluated the long-term effect of biochar application on the sorption and desorption of thiamethoxam in a Haplic Plinthosol. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with combination of doses of mineral fertilizer NPK (0 and ... ...

    Abstract This study evaluated the long-term effect of biochar application on the sorption and desorption of thiamethoxam in a Haplic Plinthosol. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with combination of doses of mineral fertilizer NPK (0 and 300 kg·ha
    MeSH term(s) Adsorption ; Carbon/chemistry ; Charcoal/chemistry ; Insecticides ; Soil/chemistry ; Soil Pollutants/analysis ; Thiamethoxam
    Chemical Substances Insecticides ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants ; biochar ; Charcoal (16291-96-6) ; Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Thiamethoxam (747IC8B487)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 197072-0
    ISSN 1532-4109 ; 0360-1234
    ISSN (online) 1532-4109
    ISSN 0360-1234
    DOI 10.1080/03601234.2022.2050126
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: A novel in situ passive heating method for evaluating whole-tree responses to daytime warming in remote environments

    Werkmeister, Georgina A. / Galbraith, David / Docherty, Emma / Borges, Camilla Silva / da Rocha, Jairo Matos / da Silva, Paulo Alves / Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes / Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur / Phillips, Oliver L. / Gloor, Emanuel

    Plant methods. 2022 Dec., v. 18, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many significant ecosystems, including important non-forest woody ecosystems such as the Cerrado (Brazilian savannah), are under threat from climate change, yet our understanding of how increasing temperatures will impact native vegetation ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Many significant ecosystems, including important non-forest woody ecosystems such as the Cerrado (Brazilian savannah), are under threat from climate change, yet our understanding of how increasing temperatures will impact native vegetation remains limited. Temperature manipulation experiments are important tools for investigating such impacts, but are often constrained by access to power supply and limited to low-stature species, juvenile individuals, or heating of target organs, perhaps not fully revealing how entire or mature individuals and ecosystems will react to higher temperatures. RESULTS: We present a novel, modified open top chamber design for in situ passive heating of whole individuals up to 2.5 m tall (but easily expandable) in remote field environments with strong solar irradiance. We built multiple whole-tree heating structures (WTHSs) in an area of Cerrado around native woody species Davilla elliptica and Erythroxylum suberosum to test the design and its effects on air temperature and humidity, while also studying the physiological responses of E. suberosum to short-term heating. The WTHSs raised internal air temperature by approximately 2.5 °C above ambient during the daytime. This increased to 3.4 °C between 09:00 and 17:00 local time when thermal impact was greatest, and during which time mean internal temperatures corresponded closely with maximum ambient temperatures. Heating was consistent over time and across WTHSs of variable size and shape, and they had minimal effect on humidity. E. suberosum showed no detectable response of photosynthesis or respiration to short-term experimental heating, but some indication of acclimation to natural temperature changes. CONCLUSIONS: Our WTHSs produced a consistent and reproducible level of daytime heating in line with mid-range climate predictions for the Cerrado biome by the end of the century. The whole-tree in situ passive heating design is flexible, low-cost, simple to build using commonly available materials, and minimises negative impacts associated with passive chambers. It could be employed to investigate the high temperature responses of many understudied species in a range of complex non-forest environments with sufficient solar irradiance, providing new and important insights into the possible impacts of our changing climate.
    Keywords Erythroxylum ; acclimation ; air temperature ; cerrado ; climate ; climate change ; ecosystems ; heat ; humidity ; indigenous species ; juveniles ; photosynthesis ; savannas ; solar radiation ; woody plants
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-12
    Size p. 78.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2203723-8
    ISSN 1746-4811
    ISSN 1746-4811
    DOI 10.1186/s13007-022-00904-z
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Redefining the Cerrado–Amazonia transition: implications for conservation

    Marques, Eduardo Q / Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur / Marimon, Beatriz S / Matricardi, Eraldo A. T / Mews, Henrique A / Colli, Guarino R

    Biodiversity and conservation. 2020 Apr., v. 29, no. 5

    2020  

    Abstract: Understanding the nature and extent of ecosystem boundaries has important implications for the management and conservation of biodiversity. However, characterizing and establishing such boundary limits has been a persistent challenge worldwide. The ... ...

    Abstract Understanding the nature and extent of ecosystem boundaries has important implications for the management and conservation of biodiversity. However, characterizing and establishing such boundary limits has been a persistent challenge worldwide. The Cerrado–Amazonia transition (CAT) in Brazil is the world’s largest savanna-forest transition. However, the CAT is represented in official maps used by Brazilian governmental agencies as a simple line separating the two biomes. Here, we demonstrate that the CAT is in fact broad, complex and interdigitating and that its traditional linear representation is not adequate for recognizing and conserving biodiversity in this region. Over the 30 years of our analysis, the CAT suffered more deforestation than the forests and savannas in each individual biomes (Amazonia and Cerrado). The complexity of tropical savanna-forest boundaries has been misunderstood and misrepresented by current maps, severely threatening the complex CAT biota. As a consequence, vegetation losses have reached levels close to collapse in areas of intense human activity.
    Keywords biodiversity ; cerrado ; deforestation ; ecosystems ; humans ; Amazonia ; Brazil
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-04
    Size p. 1501-1517.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 2000787-5
    ISSN 1572-9710 ; 0960-3115
    ISSN (online) 1572-9710
    ISSN 0960-3115
    DOI 10.1007/s10531-019-01720-z
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  10. Article: Diversity of functional trade‐offs enhances survival after fire in Neotropical savanna species

    Corrêa Scalon, Marina / Maia Chaves Bicalho Domingos, Fabricius / Jonatar Alves da Cruz, Wesley / Marimon Júnior, Ben Hur / Schwantes Marimon, Beatriz / Oliveras, Imma

    Journal of vegetation science. 2020 Jan., v. 31, no. 1

    2020  

    Abstract: QUESTIONS: What are the trade‐offs and/or associated syndromes within and between fire‐associated traits? Does bud protection relate to bark properties and tree resprouting ability? Which traits will influence post‐fire tree survival (mortality rate and ... ...

    Abstract QUESTIONS: What are the trade‐offs and/or associated syndromes within and between fire‐associated traits? Does bud protection relate to bark properties and tree resprouting ability? Which traits will influence post‐fire tree survival (mortality rate and top‐kill) and tree recovery (canopy recovery and resprouting volume)? Do species with different leaf phenology have the same ecological strategies to survive and recover from fire? LOCATION: Tree community in a Neotropical savanna. METHODS: For each of the 24 most abundant species, we characterised the trade‐offs among bud protection, bark traits, mortality, canopy recovery and top‐kill, and resprouting strategies in both a burned and adjacent unburned area of Cerrado vegetation. RESULTS: Species with unprotected buds had a higher risk of dying, while high bud protection was associated to the ability to resprout from both the canopy and the base of the tree. We found three major trade‐offs defined by bark traits and plant properties. Cerrado woody species invest in either (a) high inner bark thickness and bark moisture, or (b) fast growth rate, height and bark density, or (c) thick outer bark and high wood density with high bud protection. CONCLUSIONS: Cerrado species show different sets of fire‐related traits that seem to be important for both individual survival and community assembly. Here, we report these trade‐offs for Neotropical savannas, and our findings also shed light on how changes in fire regime may favour different groups of species, leading to changes in plant communities over time.
    Keywords Neotropics ; bark ; canopy ; cerrado ; fire regime ; leaves ; mortality ; phenology ; risk ; savannas ; trees ; wood density ; woody plants
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-01
    Size p. 139-150.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1053769-7
    ISSN 1100-9233
    ISSN 1100-9233
    DOI 10.1111/jvs.12823
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