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  1. Article ; Online: Niche models as a tool to inform restoration and conservation strategies

    Ignacio Núñez-Hidalgo / Marina Fleury / Ramiro O. Bustamante

    Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Vol

    the case of Jubaea chilensis (palm, Arecaceae) and its seed disperser Octodon degus (rodent, Octodontidae)

    2023  Volume 6

    Abstract: IntroductionBiotic interactions are a crucial component of the plant regeneration process, which has been traditionally studied at more local scales, providing the tools for planning and decision-making. Studies showing the signature of species ... ...

    Abstract IntroductionBiotic interactions are a crucial component of the plant regeneration process, which has been traditionally studied at more local scales, providing the tools for planning and decision-making. Studies showing the signature of species interactions at coarser spatial scales contrasting with animal-plant interactions at fine scales have been scarce. This study aimed at integrating an approach, over both biogeographic and local scales, by testing two endemic species of Mediterranean central Chile: the relict and southernmost threatened Chilean palm Jubaea chilensis (Chilean palm; Molina; Baillón) and the caviomorph scatter-hoarding rodent Octodon degus (Degu; Molina), on which this palm currently relies for seed dispersal.MethodsIntegrating Geographic Information Systems and Ecological Niche Modeling, the intensity of seed-rodent interactions from a territorial perspective was evaluated in the range of the palm, at a biogeographic scale, identifying areas with greater or lesser potential for seed-rodent interactions; and in local populations, incorporating a variety of environmental factors that might affect palm regeneration.ResultsThe present results show that the rodent (Octodon degus) may play a role in Chilean palm (Jubaea chilensis) seed dispersal and seed establishment, since; Chilean palm regeneration is higher in areas where both species co-occur. At a local scale, a prominent overlap between palm seedlings and degu burrows was also found, which, allied with other abiotic variables such as altitude and topographic humidity, are crucial for successful palm regeneration.DiscussionUnderstanding the full extent of animal-plant interactions and how they are affected by habitat perturbation in a wide range will provide essential information for the design of effective conservation and management strategies, such as rewilding based on plant species.
    Keywords Jubaea chilensis ; biological interactions ; species distribution models (SDMs) ; multi-scale approach ; effective disperser ; ecological conservation ; Forestry ; SD1-669.5 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Recruitment Dynamics of the Relict Palm, Jubaea chilensis

    Marina Fleury / Wara Marcelo / Rodrigo A Vásquez / Luis Alberto González / Ramiro O Bustamante

    PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 7, p e

    Intricate and Pervasive Effects of Invasive Herbivores and Nurse Shrubs in Central Chile.

    2015  Volume 0133559

    Abstract: Shrubs can have a net positive effect on the recruitment of other species, especially relict species in dry-stressful conditions. We tested the effects of nurse shrubs and herbivory defoliation on performance (survival and growth) of nursery-grown ... ...

    Abstract Shrubs can have a net positive effect on the recruitment of other species, especially relict species in dry-stressful conditions. We tested the effects of nurse shrubs and herbivory defoliation on performance (survival and growth) of nursery-grown seedlings of the largest living palm, the relict wine palm Jubaea chilensis. During an 18-month period, a total of more than 300 seedlings were exposed to of four possible scenarios produced by independently weakening the effects of nurse shrubs and browsers. The experiment followed a two-way fully factorial design. We found consistent differences in survival between protected and unprotected seedlings (27.5% and 0.7%, respectively), and herbivory had a dramatic and overwhelmingly negative effect on seedling survival. The invasive rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is clearly creating a critical bottleneck in the regeneration process and might, therefore, partially explain the general lack of natural regeneration of wine palms under natural conditions. Apparently biotic filters mediated by ecological interactions are more relevant in the early stages of recruitment than abiotic, at least in invaded sites of central Chile. Our data reveal that plant-plant facilitation relationship may be modulated by plant-animal interactions, specifically by herbivory, a common and widespread ecological interaction in arid and semi-arid environments whose role has been frequently neglected. Treatments that protect young wine palm seedlings are mandatory to enable the seedlings to attain a height at which shoots are no longer vulnerable to browsing. Such protection is an essential first step toward the conservation and reintroduction of this emblematic and threatened species.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Seasonal variation in the fate of seeds under contrasting logging regimes.

    Marina Fleury / Ricardo R Rodrigues / Hilton T Z do Couto / Mauro Galetti

    PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e

    2014  Volume 90060

    Abstract: Seed predators and dispersers may drive the speed and structure of forest regeneration in natural ecosystems. Rodents and ants prey upon and disperse seeds, yet empirical studies on the magnitude of these effects are lacking. Here, we examined the role ... ...

    Abstract Seed predators and dispersers may drive the speed and structure of forest regeneration in natural ecosystems. Rodents and ants prey upon and disperse seeds, yet empirical studies on the magnitude of these effects are lacking. Here, we examined the role of ants and rodents on seed predation in 4 plant species in a successional gradient on a tropical rainforest island. We found that (1) seeds are mostly consumed rather than dispersed; (2) rates of seed predation vary by habitat, season, and species; (3) seed size, shape, and hardness do not affect the probability of being depredated. Rodents were responsible for 70% of seed predation and were negligible (0.14%) seed dispersers, whereas ants were responsible for only 2% of seed predation and for no dispersal. We detected seasonal and habitat effects on seed loss, with higher seed predation occurring during the wet season and in old-growth forests. In the absence of predators regulating seed-consumer populations, the densities of these resilient animals explode to the detriment of natural regeneration and may reduce diversity and carrying capacity for consumers and eventually lead to ecological meltdown.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Effects of simulated herbivory on photosynthesis and N resorption efficiency in Quercus pyrenaica Willd. saplings

    Fernando, Silla / Marina, Fleury / Sonia, Mediavilla / Alfonso, Escudero

    Trees structure and function. 2008 Dec., v. 22, no. 6

    2008  

    Abstract: We examined the effects of simulated folivory by caterpillars on photosynthetic parameters and nitrogen (N) resorption efficiency in Quercus pyrenaica saplings. We analyzed the differences between intact leaves in control plants, punched leaves in ... ...

    Abstract We examined the effects of simulated folivory by caterpillars on photosynthetic parameters and nitrogen (N) resorption efficiency in Quercus pyrenaica saplings. We analyzed the differences between intact leaves in control plants, punched leaves in damaged plants, and intact leaves in damaged plants. We then established two levels of simulated folivory: low ([almost equal to]13% of the leaf area of one main branch removed per plant) and high ([almost equal to]26% of the leaf area of one main branch removed per plant) treatments. No differences were found in net assimilation rate and conductance between either leaf type or treatment during the most favourable period for photosynthesis. However, the N content was lower in punched than in intact leaves, and as a result PNUE was higher in damaged leaves from treated trees. In leaf-litter samples, N mass was significantly higher in punched than in intact leaves in treated plants, and LMA was significantly higher in damaged than in intact leaves of both the treated and control plants. Consequently, N resorption efficiency was around 15% lower in damaged leaves as compared with intact leaves from treated and control plants. Mechanical injury to leaves not only triggered no compensatory photosynthetic response to compensate a lower carbon uptake due to leaf area loss, but also affected the resorption process that characterizes leaf senescence.
    Keywords Quercus pyrenaica ; carbon ; herbivores ; insect larvae ; leaf area ; leaves ; net assimilation rate ; nitrogen ; nitrogen content ; photosynthesis ; resorption ; saplings ; senescence
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2008-12
    Size p. 785-793.
    Publisher Springer-Verlag
    Publishing place Berlin/Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 90595-1
    ISSN 1432-2285 ; 0931-1890
    ISSN (online) 1432-2285
    ISSN 0931-1890
    DOI 10.1007/s00468-008-0239-2
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: The role of seed mass on the caching decision by agoutis, Dasyprocta leporina (Rodentia

    Mauro Galetti / Camila I. Donatti / Carla Steffler / Julieta Genini / Ricardo S. Bovendorp / Marina Fleury

    Zoologia (Curitiba), Vol 27, Iss 3, Pp 472-

    Agoutidae)

    2010  Volume 476

    Abstract: It has been shown that the local extinction of large-bodied frugivores may cause cascading consequences for plant recruitment and overall plant diversity. However, to what extent the resilient mammals can compensate the role of seed dispersal in ... ...

    Abstract It has been shown that the local extinction of large-bodied frugivores may cause cascading consequences for plant recruitment and overall plant diversity. However, to what extent the resilient mammals can compensate the role of seed dispersal in defaunated sites is poorly understood. Caviomorph rodents, especially Dasyprocta spp., are usually resilient frugivores in hunted forests and their seed caching behavior may be important for many plant species which lack primary dispersers. We compared the effect of the variation in seed mass of six vertebrate-dispersed plant species on the caching decision by the red-rumped agoutis Dasyprocta leporina Linnaeus, 1758 in a land-bridge island of the Atlantic forest, Brazil. We found a strong positive effect of seed mass on seed fate and dispersal distance, but there was a great variation between species. Agoutis never cached seeds smaller than 0.9 g and larger seeds were dispersed for longer distances. Therefore, agoutis can be important seed dispersers of large-seeded species in defaunated forests.
    Keywords Astrocaryum ; defaunation ; Ilha Anchieta ; palms ; scatter hoarding ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Pensoft Publishers
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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