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Article ; Online: Sex, Age, and Comorbidities Are Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection, COVID-19 Severity, and Fatal Outcome in a Mexican Population

Maria Elena Camacho Moll / Viviana Leticia Mata Tijerina / Beatriz Silva Ramírez / Katia Peñuelas Urquides / Laura Adiene González Escalante / Brenda Leticia Escobedo Guajardo / Jorge Eleazar Cruz Luna / Roberto Corrales Pérez / Salvador Gómez García / Mario Bermúdez de León

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 2676, p

A Retrospective Multi-Hospital Study

2023 Volume 2676

Abstract: People with comorbidities and the male sex are at a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19. In the present study, we aim to investigate the associated factors for infection, severity, and death due to COVID-19 in a population from Nuevo León, México. ... ...

Abstract	People with comorbidities and the male sex are at a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19. In the present study, we aim to investigate the associated factors for infection, severity, and death due to COVID-19 in a population from Nuevo León, México. Epidemiological COVID-19 data were collected from 65 hospitals from December 2020 to May 2022. A total of 75,232 cases were compiled from which 25,722 cases were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Male sex, older age, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension were associated with infection. In addition to the above-mentioned factors, renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and immunosuppression were found to be associated with increased COVID-19 severity. These factors, as well as neurological diseases, are also associated with death due to COVID-19. When comparing the different variants of SARs-CoV-2, the variant B1.1.519 increased the probability of death by 2.23 times compared to the AY.20 variant. Male sex, older age, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, severity, and death. Along with the aforementioned comorbidities, renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and immunosuppression are also associated with severity and death. Another factor associated with death is the presence of neurological disease. The SARS-CoV-2 B1.1.519 variant increases the odds of death compared to the SARS-CoV-2 AY.20 variant.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; association ; severity ; death ; Mexico ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Extension and Severity of Self-Reported Side Effects of Seven COVID-19 Vaccines in Mexican Population

María Elena Camacho Moll / Ana María Salinas Martínez / Benjamín Tovar Cisneros / Juan Ignacio García Onofre / Gloria Navarrete Floriano / Mario Bermúdez de León

Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

2022 Volume 10

Abstract: A few studies examined the comparative side effects of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines. We compared the extension and severity of self-reported side effects of seven COVID-19 vaccines [BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech), ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca), mRNA- ... ...

Abstract	A few studies examined the comparative side effects of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines. We compared the extension and severity of self-reported side effects of seven COVID-19 vaccines [BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech), ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences), Gam-COVID-Vac (Gamaleya's Sputnik V), Ad5-nCoV (CanSinoBIO), and Ad26.CoV2.S (Johnson & Johnson/Janssen)] in the Mexican population. We also evaluated the association of type of vaccine, sex, age, comorbidity, and history of allergies to the extent and severity of side effects. This was a cross-sectional study carried out online between August 12 and September 3, 2021 in Mexico. The first inclusion criterion was to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and the second, being at least 18 years old. The survey link was distributed via multiple social media platforms. We questioned about the type of vaccine and symptoms based on short-term side effects reported in the literature. Side effect extension was classified as local, systemic, or both. We asked about the need to take medicine, stop activities/miss work, or seek medical attention. Then, a severity index was constructed based on responses. Descriptive and stepwise multivariate logistic ordinal regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI for each outcome adjusted by potential confounders. The mean age was 38.9 ± 11.0 years (n = 4,024). Prevalence of at least one side effect varied between vaccines and by a number of doses. At dose 1, ChAdOx1 was the vaccine with the highest rate of at least one side effect (85%) followed by Gam-COVID-Vac (80%). Both were associated to greater extension (adjusted OR 2.53, 95% CI 2.16, 2.96 and adjusted OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.76, 3.29, respectively) and severity of side effects (adjusted OR 4.32, 95% CI 3.73, 5.00 and adjusted OR 3.00, 95% CI 2.28, 3.94, respectively). Young age (<50 years), female sex, comorbidity, and history of allergies were associated with greater extension and severity, independent of the ...
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; side effects ; local effects ; systemic effects ; vaccination ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: 5-Aza-2′-Deoxycytidine and Valproic Acid in Combination with CHIR99021 and A83-01 Induce Pluripotency Genes Expression in Human Adult Somatic Cells

Alain Aguirre-Vázquez / Luis A. Salazar-Olivo / Xóchitl Flores-Ponce / Ana L. Arriaga-Guerrero / Dariela Garza-Rodríguez / María E. Camacho-Moll / Iván Velasco / Fabiola Castorena-Torres / Nidheesh Dadheech / Mario Bermúdez de León

Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 1909, p

2021 Volume 1909

Abstract: A generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by ectopic expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC has established promising opportunities for stem cell research, drug discovery, and disease modeling. While this forced genetic expression ... ...

Abstract	A generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by ectopic expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC has established promising opportunities for stem cell research, drug discovery, and disease modeling. While this forced genetic expression represents an advantage, there will always be an issue with genomic instability and transient pluripotency genes reactivation that might preclude their clinical application. During the reprogramming process, a somatic cell must undergo several epigenetic modifications to induce groups of genes capable of reactivating the endogenous pluripotency core. Here, looking to increase the reprograming efficiency in somatic cells, we evaluated the effect of epigenetic molecules 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5AZ) and valproic acid (VPA) and two small molecules reported as reprogramming enhancers, CHIR99021 and A83-01, on the expression of pluripotency genes and the methylation profile of the OCT4 promoter in a human dermal fibroblasts cell strain. The addition of this cocktail to culture medium increased the expression of OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4 expression by 2.1-fold, 8.5-fold, and 2-fold, respectively, with respect to controls; concomitantly, a reduction in methylated CpG sites in OCT4 promoter region was observed. The epigenetic cocktail also induced the expression of the metastasis-associated gene S100A4. However, the epigenetic cocktail did not induce the morphological changes characteristic of the reprogramming process. In summary, 5AZ, VPA, CHIR99021, and A83-01 induced the expression of OCT4 and SOX2, two critical genes for iPSC. Future studies will allow us to precise the mechanisms by which these compounds exert their reprogramming effects.
Keywords	reprogramming ; 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine ; valproic acid ; stem cells ; epigenetics ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	572
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Selenite Downregulates STAT3 Expression and Provokes Lymphocytosis in the Liver of Chronically Exposed Syrian Golden Hamsters

María Elena Camacho-Moll / Adriana Sampayo-Reyes / Fabiola Castorena-Torres / Gerardo Lozano-Garza / Gabriela Alarcón-Galván / Alba Hernández / Ricard Marcos / Juan Manuel Alcocer-González / Reyes Tamez-Guerra / Mario Bermúdez de León

Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 5614, p

2021 Volume 5614

Abstract: Arsenic is considered a worldwide pollutant that can be present in drinking water. Arsenic exposure is associated with various diseases, including cancer. Antioxidants as selenite and α-tocopherol-succinate have been shown to modulate arsenic toxic ... ...

Abstract	Arsenic is considered a worldwide pollutant that can be present in drinking water. Arsenic exposure is associated with various diseases, including cancer. Antioxidants as selenite and α-tocopherol-succinate have been shown to modulate arsenic toxic effects. Since changes in STAT3 and PSMD10 gene expression have been associated with carcinogenesis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of arsenic exposure and co-treatments with selenite or α-tocopherol-succinate on the expression of these genes, in the livers of chronically exposed Syrian golden hamsters. Animals were divided into six groups: (i) control, (ii) chronically treated with 100 ppm arsenic, (iii) treated with 6 ppm α-tocopherol-succinate (α-TOS), (iv) treated with 8.5 ppm selenite, (v) treated with arsenic + α-TOS, and (vi) treated with arsenic + selenite. Urine samples and livers were collected after 20 weeks of continuous exposure. The urine samples were analyzed for arsenic species by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and real-time RT-qPCR analysis was performed for gene expression evaluation. A reduction in STAT3 expression was observed in the selenite-treated group. No differences in PSMD10 expression were found among groups. Histopathological analysis revealed hepatic lymphocytosis in selenite-treated animals. As a conclusion, long-term exposure to arsenic does not significantly alter the expression of STAT3 and PSMD10 oncogenes in the livers of hamsters; however, selenite down-regulates STAT3 expression and provokes lymphocytosis.
Keywords	arsenic ; selenite ; α-tocopherol ; liver ; hamster ; oncogenes ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Suspension culture improves iPSC expansion and pluripotency phenotype

Nerea Cuesta-Gomez / Kevin Verhoeff / Nidheesh Dadheech / Tiffany Dang / Ila Tewari Jasra / Mario Bermudez de Leon / Rena Pawlick / Braulio Marfil-Garza / Perveen Anwar / Haide Razavy / Patricio Adrián Zapata-Morin / Glen Jickling / Aducio Thiesen / Doug O’Gorman / Michael S. Kallos / A. M. James Shapiro

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 24

Abstract: Abstract Background Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer potential to revolutionize regenerative medicine as a renewable source for islets, dopaminergic neurons, retinal cells, and cardiomyocytes. However, translation of these regenerative cell ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer potential to revolutionize regenerative medicine as a renewable source for islets, dopaminergic neurons, retinal cells, and cardiomyocytes. However, translation of these regenerative cell therapies requires cost-efficient mass manufacturing of high-quality human iPSCs. This study presents an improved three-dimensional Vertical-Wheel® bioreactor (3D suspension) cell expansion protocol with comparison to a two-dimensional (2D planar) protocol. Methods Sendai virus transfection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells was used to establish mycoplasma and virus free iPSC lines without common genetic duplications or deletions. iPSCs were then expanded under 2D planar and 3D suspension culture conditions. We comparatively evaluated cell expansion capacity, genetic integrity, pluripotency phenotype, and in vitro and in vivo pluripotency potential of iPSCs. Results Expansion of iPSCs using Vertical-Wheel® bioreactors achieved 93.8-fold (IQR 30.2) growth compared to 19.1 (IQR 4.0) in 2D (p < 0.0022), the largest expansion potential reported to date over 5 days. 0.5 L Vertical-Wheel® bioreactors achieved similar expansion and further reduced iPSC production cost. 3D suspension expanded cells had increased proliferation, measured as Ki67+ expression using flow cytometry (3D: 69.4% [IQR 5.5%] vs. 2D: 57.4% [IQR 10.9%], p = 0.0022), and had a higher frequency of pluripotency marker (Oct4+Nanog+Sox2+) expression (3D: 94.3 [IQR 1.4] vs. 2D: 52.5% [IQR 5.6], p = 0.0079). q-PCR genetic analysis demonstrated a lack of duplications or deletions at the 8 most commonly mutated regions within iPSC lines after long-term passaging (> 25). 2D-cultured cells displayed a primed pluripotency phenotype, which transitioned to naïve after 3D-culture. Both 2D and 3D cells were capable of trilineage differentiation and following teratoma, 2D-expanded cells generated predominantly solid teratomas, while 3D-expanded cells produced more mature and predominantly cystic ...
Keywords	Human-induced pluripotent stem cells ; iPSC ; Stem cells ; Cell therapy ; Bioreactor ; Expansion ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Isotretinoin and Thalidomide Down-Regulate c-MYC Gene Expression and Modify Proteins Associated with Cancer in Hepatic Cells

Patricia Nefertari Ramírez-Flores / Paulina J. Barraza-Reyna / Alain Aguirre-Vázquez / María E. Camacho-Moll / Carlos Enrique Guerrero-Beltrán / Diana Resendez-Pérez / Vianey González-Villasana / Jesús Norberto Garza-González / Beatriz Silva-Ramírez / Fabiola Castorena-Torres / Mario Bermúdez de León

Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 5742, p

2021 Volume 5742

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer. The number of cases is increasing and the trend for the next few years is not encouraging. HCC is usually detected in the advanced stages of the disease, and pharmacological ... ...

Abstract	Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer. The number of cases is increasing and the trend for the next few years is not encouraging. HCC is usually detected in the advanced stages of the disease, and pharmacological therapies are not entirely effective. For this reason, it is necessary to search for new therapeutic options. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the drugs isotretinoin and thalidomide on c -MYC expression and cancer-related proteins in an HCC cellular model. The expression of c -MYC was measured using RT-qPCR and western blot assays. In addition, luciferase activity assays were performed for the c-MYC promoters P1 and P2 using recombinant plasmids. Dose-response-time analyses were performed for isotretinoin or thalidomide in cells transfected with the c-MYC promoters. Finally, a proteome profile analysis of cells exposed to these two drugs was performed and the results were validated by western blot. We demonstrated that in HepG2 cells, isotretinoin and thalidomide reduced c-MYC mRNA expression levels, but this decrease in expression was linked to the regulation of P1 and P1-P2 c-MYC promoter activity in isotretinoin only. Thalidomide did not exert any effect on c-MYC promoters. Also, isotretinoin and thalidomide were capable of inducing and repressing proteins associated with cancer. In conclusion, isotretinoin and thalidomide down-regulate c-MYC mRNA expression and this is partially due to P1 or P2 promoter activity, suggesting that these drugs could be promising options for modulating the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in HCC.
Keywords	Hepatocellular carcinoma ; isotretinoin ; thalidomide ; c-MYC ; HepG2 cells ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Pharmacogenetics of amfepramone in healthy Mexican subjects reveals potential markers for tailoring pharmacotherapy of obesity

Magdalena Gómez-Silva / Everardo Piñeyro-Garza / Rigoberto Vargas-Zapata / María Elena Gamino-Peña / Armando León-García / Mario Bermúdez de León / Adrián Llerena / Rafael B. R. León-Cachón

Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

results of a randomised trial

2019 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Amfepramone (AFP) is an appetite-suppressant drug used in the treatment of obesity. Nonetheless, studies on interindividual pharmacokinetic variability and its association with genetic variants are limited. We employed a pharmacokinetic and ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Amfepramone (AFP) is an appetite-suppressant drug used in the treatment of obesity. Nonetheless, studies on interindividual pharmacokinetic variability and its association with genetic variants are limited. We employed a pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic approach to determine possible metabolic phenotypes of AFP and identify genetic markers that could affect the pharmacokinetic variability in a Mexican population. A controlled, randomized, crossover, single-blind, two-treatment, two-period, and two sequence clinical study of AFP (a single 75 mg dose) was conducted in 36 healthy Mexican volunteers who fulfilled the study requirements. Amfepramone plasma levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Genotyping was performed using real-time PCR with TaqMan probes. Four AFP metabolizer phenotypes were found in our population: slow, normal, intermediate, and fast. Additionally, two gene polymorphisms, ABCB1-rs1045642 and CYP3A4-rs2242480, had a significant effect on AFP pharmacokinetics (P < 0.05) and were the predictor factors in a log-linear regression model. The ABCB1 and CYP3A4 gene polymorphisms were associated with a fast metabolizer phenotype. These results suggest that metabolism of AFP in the Mexican population is variable. In addition, the genetic variants ABCB1-rs1045642 and CYP3A4-rs2242480 may partially explain the AFP pharmacokinetic variability.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Measuring of Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth

Katia Peñuelas-Urquides / Licet Villarreal-Treviño / Beatriz Silva-Ramírez / Liliana Rivadeneyra-Espinoza / Salvador Said-Fernández / Mario Bermúdez de León

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, Vol 44, Iss 1, Pp 287-

a correlation of the optical measurements with colony forming units

2013 Volume 290

Abstract: The quantification of colony forming units (cfu), turbidity, and optical density at 600 nm (OD600) measurements were used to evaluate Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. Turbidity and OD600 measurements displayed similar growth curves, while cfu ... ...

Abstract	The quantification of colony forming units (cfu), turbidity, and optical density at 600 nm (OD600) measurements were used to evaluate Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. Turbidity and OD600 measurements displayed similar growth curves, while cfu quantification showed a continuous growth curve. We determined the cfu equivalents to McFarland and OD600 units.
Keywords	bacterial growth ; colony forming units ; McFarland ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; optical density ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Microbiology ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Evaluation of Plasma Cholinesterase Activity in Native Birds from Pesticide-Exposed Agricultural Lands☆

Ruvalcaba-Ortega, Irene / Antonio Guzmán-Velasco / José Ignacio González-Rojas / Laura González-Escalante / Mario Bermúdez de León / Ricardo Canales-del-Castillo / Roberto Mercado-Hernández / Sandra Mendiola-Castillo

Rangeland ecology & management. 2017 Sept., v. 70, no. 5

2017

Abstract: Wildlife near agricultural lands is exposed to pesticides, particularly organophosphorus and carbamates, where birds appear to be more sensitive to their toxic effects than other vertebrates. One of the main effects of pesticides is the disruption of the ...

Abstract	Wildlife near agricultural lands is exposed to pesticides, particularly organophosphorus and carbamates, where birds appear to be more sensitive to their toxic effects than other vertebrates. One of the main effects of pesticides is the disruption of the nervous system through the inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes. The aim of this study was to determine the plasma cholinesterase activity in native birds of pesticide-exposed agricultural lands within the Grassland Priority Conservation Area El Tokio, located in northeastern Mexico. The study was conducted during three summer seasons (2008–2010), when the reproduction of birds and pesticide spraying occurred. Forty-four birds of 13 different species were captured, sampled, and released. High variability values among individuals and species were found, ranging from 0.200 ± 0.055 to 4.960 ± 0.150 μmol/min/L. White-winged doves' values were significantly smaller than basal reference, showing 29–49% of plasma cholinesterase inhibition and possible pesticide exposure. Mean plasma cholinesterase activity values for 10 of the species had not been reported previously. These data can serve for future interpretations of plasma cholinesterase activity values in wild birds within agricultural lands and for decision making in priority conservation areas.
Keywords	agricultural land ; carbamates ; cholinesterase ; conservation areas ; decision making ; doves ; enzyme activity ; enzyme inhibition ; grasslands ; nervous system ; pesticides ; reproduction ; spraying ; summer ; toxicity ; wild birds ; wildlife ; Mexico
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-09
Size	p. 584-588.
Publishing place	the Society for Range Management
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2180183-6
ISSN	1551-5028 ; 1550-7424
ISSN (online)	1551-5028
ISSN	1550-7424
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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