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Article ; Online: Exploring spatial heterogeneity in synergistic effects of compound climate hazards: Extreme heat and wildfire smoke on cardiorespiratory hospitalizations in California.

Chen, Chen / Schwarz, Lara / Rosenthal, Noam / Marlier, Miriam E / Benmarhnia, Tarik

2024 Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) eadj7264

Abstract: Extreme heat and wildfire smoke events are increasingly co-occurring in the context of climate change, especially in California. Extreme heat and wildfire smoke may have synergistic effects on population health that vary over space. We leveraged high- ... ...

Abstract	Extreme heat and wildfire smoke events are increasingly co-occurring in the context of climate change, especially in California. Extreme heat and wildfire smoke may have synergistic effects on population health that vary over space. We leveraged high-resolution satellite and monitoring data to quantify spatially varying compound exposures to extreme heat and wildfire smoke in California (2006-2019) at ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) level. We found synergistic effects between extreme heat and wildfire smoke on daily cardiorespiratory hospitalizations at the state level. We also found spatial heterogeneity in such synergistic effects across ZCTAs. Communities with lower education attainment, lower health insurance coverage, lower income, lower proportion of automobile ownership, lower tree canopy coverage, higher population density, and higher proportions of racial/ethnic minorities experienced higher synergistic effects. This study highlights the need to incorporate compound hazards and environmental justice considerations into evidence-based policy development to protect populations from increasingly prevalent compound hazards.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Smoke/adverse effects ; Wildfires ; Extreme Heat ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Hospitalization ; California
Chemical Substances	Smoke
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2810933-8
ISSN	2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
ISSN (online)	2375-2548
ISSN	2375-2548
DOI	10.1126/sciadv.adj7264
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Up in smoke: California's greenhouse gas reductions could be wiped out by 2020 wildfires.

Jerrett, Michael / Jina, Amir S / Marlier, Miriam E

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2022 Volume 310, Page(s) 119888

Abstract: In this short communication, we estimate that California's wildfire carbon dioxide equivalent ( ... ...

Abstract	In this short communication, we estimate that California's wildfire carbon dioxide equivalent (CO
MeSH term(s)	California ; Carbon Dioxide ; Forests ; Greenhouse Effect ; Greenhouse Gases ; Wildfires
Chemical Substances	Greenhouse Gases ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119888
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Article: Up in smoke: California's greenhouse gas reductions could be wiped out by 2020 wildfires

Jerrett, Michael / Jina, Amir S. / Marlier, Miriam E.

Environmental pollution. 2022 Oct. 01, v. 310

2022

Abstract: In this short communication, we estimate that California's wildfire carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) emissions from 2020 are approximately two times higher than California's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions since 2003. Without considering ... ...

Abstract	In this short communication, we estimate that California's wildfire carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) emissions from 2020 are approximately two times higher than California's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions since 2003. Without considering future vegetation regrowth, CO₂e emissions from the 2020 wildfires could be the second most important source in the state above either industry or electrical power generation. Regrowth may partly of fully occur over a long period, but due to exigencies of the climate crisis most of the regrowth will not occur quickly enough to avert greater than 1.5 degrees of warming. Global monetized damages caused by CO₂e from in 2020 wildfire emissions amount to some $7.1 billion USD. Our analysis suggests that significant societal benefits could accrue from larger investments in improved forest management and stricter controls on new development in fire-prone areas at the wildland-urban interface.
Keywords	air ; carbon dioxide ; climate ; electric power ; forest management ; greenhouse gases ; industry ; pollution ; power generation ; regrowth ; smoke ; vegetation ; wildfires ; wildland-urban interface ; California
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1001
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119888
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Article: Remote sensing for natural disaster recovery: Lessons learned from Hurricanes Irma and Maria in Puerto Rico

Marlier, Miriam E. / Resetar, Susan A. / Lachman, Beth E. / Anania, Katherine / Adams, Keenan

Environmental science & policy. 2022 June, v. 132

2022

Abstract: In September 2017, Hurricanes Irma and Maria devastated the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Following these hurricanes, comprehensive and timely data collection was, and continues to be, required to assess both the severity of damage across Puerto Rico and ... ...

Abstract	In September 2017, Hurricanes Irma and Maria devastated the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Following these hurricanes, comprehensive and timely data collection was, and continues to be, required to assess both the severity of damage across Puerto Rico and to inform recovery and mitigation strategies. In this manuscript, we present how remote sensing data was incorporated into this assessment and planning process, focusing on the applications for Puerto Rico’s natural resources in the months following the hurricanes. We first describe how different types of satellite and airborne remote sensing data, along with existing and newly developed data processing methodologies, were applied to the damage assessment and recovery planning process for three natural resource applications: terrestrial forests, landslides, and coastal systems. We show that while remote sensing data offered a critical first assessment of the damage caused by the hurricanes, it was not always easily integrated into the recovery planning process and the variable timelines required by decisionmakers. Remote sensing data remains a powerful, if sometimes underutilized, tool in immediate and long-term disaster recovery efforts, and we conclude by suggesting future areas for improvement to facilitate the integration into natural disaster planning, assessment, and response.
Keywords	data collection ; disaster recovery ; environmental science ; issues and policy ; satellites ; Puerto Rico
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Size	p. 153-159.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1454687-5
ISSN	1462-9011
ISSN	1462-9011
DOI	10.1016/j.envsci.2022.02.023
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Article ; Online: Impacts of Fine Particulate Matter From Wildfire Smoke on Respiratory and Cardiovascular Health in California.

Heaney, Alexandra / Stowell, Jennifer D / Liu, Jia Coco / Basu, Rupa / Marlier, Miriam / Kinney, Patrick

GeoHealth

2022 Volume 6, Issue 6, Page(s) e2021GH000578

Abstract: Increases in wildfire activity across the Western US pose a significant public health threat. While there is evidence that wildfire smoke is detrimental for respiratory health, the impacts on cardiovascular health remain unclear. This study evaluates the ...

Abstract	Increases in wildfire activity across the Western US pose a significant public health threat. While there is evidence that wildfire smoke is detrimental for respiratory health, the impacts on cardiovascular health remain unclear. This study evaluates the association between fine particulate matter (PM
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2471-1403
ISSN (online)	2471-1403
DOI	10.1029/2021GH000578
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Article ; Online: Short-Term total and wildfire fine particulate matter exposure and work loss in California.

Meng, Ying-Ying / Yu, Yu / Al-Hamdan, Mohammad Z / Marlier, Miriam E / Wilkins, Joseph L / Garcia-Gonzales, Diane / Chen, Xiao / Jerrett, Michael

Environment international

2023 Volume 178, Page(s) 108045

Abstract: Background: Few studies investigated the impact of particulate matter (PM: Methods: We included 44,544 adult respondents in the workforce from 2015 to 2018 California Health Interview Survey data. Daily total PM: Results: About 1.69% (weighted ... ...

Abstract	Background: Few studies investigated the impact of particulate matter (PM Methods: We included 44,544 adult respondents in the workforce from 2015 to 2018 California Health Interview Survey data. Daily total PM Results: About 1.69% (weighted percentage) of adult respondents reported work loss in the week before the survey interview. The odds ratio of work loss was 1.45 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03, 2.03) when a 2-week average of daily total PM Conclusions: Our findings suggest that short-term ambient PM
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Air Pollution ; California ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Logistic Models ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Smoke/adverse effects ; Wildfires ; Adult
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter ; Smoke
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2023.108045
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Article ; Online: Advancing the community health vulnerability index for wildland fire smoke exposure.

Jung, Jihoon / Wilkins, Joseph L / Schollaert, Claire L / Masuda, Yuta J / Flunker, John C / Connolly, Rachel E / D'Evelyn, Savannah M / Bonillia, Eimy / Rappold, Ana G / Haugo, Ryan D / Marlier, Miriam E / Spector, June T

The Science of the total environment

2023 Volume 906, Page(s) 167834

Abstract: Wildland fire smoke risks are not uniformly distributed across people and places, and the most vulnerable communities are often disproportionately impacted. This study develops a county level community health vulnerability index (CHVI) for the Contiguous ...

Abstract	Wildland fire smoke risks are not uniformly distributed across people and places, and the most vulnerable communities are often disproportionately impacted. This study develops a county level community health vulnerability index (CHVI) for the Contiguous United States (CONUS) using three major vulnerability components: adaptive capacity, sensitivity, and exposure at the national and regional level. We first calculated sensitivity and adaptive capacity sub-indices using nine sensitivity and twenty adaptive capacity variables. These sub-indices were then combined with an exposure sub-index, which is based on the Community Multiscale Air Quality data (2008-2018), to develop CHVI. Finally, we conducted several analyses with the derived indices to: 1) explore associations between the level of fine particulate matter from wildland fires (fire-PM
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects ; Public Health ; Smoke/adverse effects ; United States ; Wildfires ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter ; Smoke
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167834
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Article ; Online: Impacts of COVID-19 response actions on air quality in China

Marlier, Miriam E / Xing, Jia / Zhu, Yifang / Wang, Shuxiao

Environmental Research Communications

2020 Volume 2, Issue 7, Page(s) 75003

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	IOP Publishing
Publishing country	uk
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	2515-7620
DOI	10.1088/2515-7620/aba425
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Diagnosing spatial biases and uncertainties in global fire emissions inventories: Indonesia as regional case study

Liu, Tianjia / Mickley, Loretta J. / Marlier, Miriam E. / DeFries, Ruth S. / Khan, Md Firoz / Mohd. Talib Latif / Karambelas, Alexandra

Remote sensing of environment. 2020 Feb., v. 237 p.111557-

2020

Abstract: Models of atmospheric composition rely on fire emissions inventories to reconstruct and project impacts of biomass burning on air quality, public health, climate, ecosystem dynamics, and land-atmosphere exchanges. Many such global inventories use ... ...

Abstract	Models of atmospheric composition rely on fire emissions inventories to reconstruct and project impacts of biomass burning on air quality, public health, climate, ecosystem dynamics, and land-atmosphere exchanges. Many such global inventories use satellite measurements of active fires and/or burned area from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). However, differences across inventories in the interpretation of satellite imagery, the emissions factors assumed for different components of smoke, and the adjustments made for small and obscured fires can result in large regional differences in fire emissions estimates across inventories. Using Google Earth Engine, we leverage 15 years (2003–2017) of MODIS observations and 6 years (2012–2017) of observations from the higher spatial resolution Visible Imaging Infrared Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensor to develop metrics to quantify five major sources of spatial bias or uncertainty in the inventories: (1) primary reliance on active fires versus burned area, (2) cloud/haze burden on the ability of satellites to “see” fires, (3) fragmentation of burned area, (4) roughness in topography, and (5) small fires, which are challenging to detect. Based on all these uncertainties, we devise comprehensive “relative fire confidence scores,” mapped globally at 0.25° × 0.25° spatial resolution over 2003–2017.We then focus on fire activity in Indonesia as a case study to analyze how the choice of a fire emissions inventory affects model estimates of smoke-induced health impacts across Equatorial Asia. We use the adjoint of the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model and apply emissions of particulate organic carbon and black carbon (OC + BC smoke) from five global inventories: Global Fire Emissions Database (GFEDv4s), Fire Inventory from NCAR (FINNv1.5), Global Fire Assimilation System (GFASv1.2), Quick Fire Emissions Dataset (QFEDv2.5r1), and Fire Energetics and Emissions Research (FEERv1.0-G1.2). We find that modeled monthly smoke PM₂.₅ in Singapore from 2003 to 2016 correlates with observed smoke PM₂.₅, with r ranging from 0.64–0.84 depending on the inventory. However, during the burning season (July to October) of high fire intensity years (e.g., 2006 and 2015), the magnitude of mean Jul-Oct modeled smoke PM₂.₅ can differ across inventories by >20 μg m⁻³ (>500%). Using the relative fire confidence metrics, we deduce that uncertainties in this region arise primarily from the small, fragmented fire landscape and very poor satellite observing conditions due to clouds and thick haze at this time of year. Indeed, we find that modeled smoke PM₂.₅ using GFASv1.2, which adjusts for fires obscured by clouds and thick haze and accounts for peatland emissions, is most consistent with observations in Singapore, as well as in Malaysia and Indonesia. Finally, we develop an online app called FIRECAM for end-users of global fire emissions inventories. The app diagnoses differences in emissions among the five inventories and gauges the relative uncertainty associated with satellite-observed fires on a regional basis.
Keywords	Internet ; air quality ; atmospheric chemistry ; biomass burning ; burning season ; case studies ; climate ; data collection ; databases ; ecosystems ; emissions ; emissions factor ; fire intensity ; fires ; image analysis ; infrared radiometers ; inventories ; landscapes ; models ; moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer ; particulate organic carbon ; particulates ; peatlands ; public health ; remote sensing ; satellites ; smoke ; topography ; uncertainty ; Indonesia ; Malaysia ; Singapore ; Fire emissions ; MODIS ; Burned area ; Active fires ; Google Earth Engine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-02
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	431483-9
ISSN	0034-4257
ISSN	0034-4257
DOI	10.1016/j.rse.2019.111557
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Article: Extreme Air Pollution in Global Megacities

Marlier, Miriam E / Amir S. Jina / Patrick L. Kinney / Ruth S. DeFries

Curr Clim Change Rep. 2016 Mar., v. 2, no. 1

2016

Abstract: Air quality in the world’s most populous cities (megacities) impacts a sizeable proportion of the global population. Projected population increases in urban areas over the coming decades underscore the importance of understanding the sources, variations, ...

Abstract	Air quality in the world’s most populous cities (megacities) impacts a sizeable proportion of the global population. Projected population increases in urban areas over the coming decades underscore the importance of understanding the sources, variations, and impacts of air pollution. While some megacities experience episodic extreme events, in others, extremely degraded air quality is chronic. In this review, we assess recent findings on the impacts of extreme air pollution, which we define as concentrations exceeding international guidelines. We highlight recent research on pollution and growth trends in the most populous megacities. We then emphasize important new methods for monitoring air pollution exposure, such as satellite-based estimates, and suggest future needs, including a more comprehensive understanding of the health and economic impacts. The primary conclusion to emerge is that, globally, while the extreme air pollution burden is highest in megacities in developing countries, significant gaps remain in our understanding.
Keywords	air pollution ; air quality ; cities ; developing countries ; economic impact ; guidelines ; monitoring ; population growth ; remote sensing ; satellites ; urban areas
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-03
Size	p. 15-27.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
Note	Review
ISSN	2198-6061
DOI	10.1007/s40641-016-0032-z
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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