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  1. Article: How are biodiversity and carbon stock recovered during tropical forest restoration? Supporting the ecological paradigms and political context involved

    Rosa, Carolina M. da / Marques, Marcia C.M.

    Journal for nature conservation. 2022 Feb., v. 65

    2022  

    Abstract: To meet agendas for biodiversity conservation and mitigation of climate change, large-scale restoration initiatives propose ecological restoration as an alternative that can reconcile these two objectives. In ongoing ecosystem restoration, increased ... ...

    Abstract To meet agendas for biodiversity conservation and mitigation of climate change, large-scale restoration initiatives propose ecological restoration as an alternative that can reconcile these two objectives. In ongoing ecosystem restoration, increased diversity is always associated with increased productivity (and consequent carbon stock), which is among the most important ecosystem functions. The ecological paradigm of this association is that ecosystem biodiversity (B) is positively related to both ecosystem functions and services (EF and ES). However, BEF and BES relationships vary spatially and temporally, which makes understanding these relationships relevant and important for practical restoration actions. In this study, we asked how biodiversity and carbon stock recovery occurs during tropical forest restoration. We reviewed literature of the relationships between BEF and BES in the context of ecological restoration and asked whether ecological restoration can recover both. In addition, we conducted a metadata analysis of studies on the recovery of biodiversity and biomass in regenerating tropical forests (n = 83) to find the best model that describes this relationship. In general, studies showed that ecosystem biodiversity and productivity are positively related, and that restoration can recover both. We found an asymptotic and positive correlation between biodiversity and biomass in tropical forests, suggesting limitation of the mutual gains of these two ecosystem properties during restoration. We discuss these results in the context of ecological theory and the practice of ecological restoration.
    Keywords biodiversity ; biodiversity conservation ; biomass ; carbon sinks ; climate change ; ecosystems ; forest restoration ; metadata ; models ; politics ; tropical forests
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Publishing place Elsevier GmbH
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2077553-2
    ISSN 1618-1093 ; 1617-1381
    ISSN (online) 1618-1093
    ISSN 1617-1381
    DOI 10.1016/j.jnc.2021.126115
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: How are biodiversity and carbon stock recovered during tropical forest restoration? Supporting the ecological paradigms and political context involved

    da Rosa, Carolina M. / Marques, Marcia C. M.

    Journal for nature conservation

    2022  Volume 65, Issue -, Page(s) 126115

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2077553-2
    ISSN 1617-1381
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article: Allometric relationships of tropical trees along a successional gradient

    Burda, Tamires Marcela / Capellesso, Elivane S. / Franci, Luciana C. / Marques, Márcia C. M.

    Trees. 2022 Feb., v. 36, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: KEY MESSAGE: The allometric relationships of tropical trees change along ontogeny and ecological succession at the level of populations and communities. Tree size and shape can influence their survival and growth, affecting the community dynamics. In ... ...

    Abstract KEY MESSAGE: The allometric relationships of tropical trees change along ontogeny and ecological succession at the level of populations and communities. Tree size and shape can influence their survival and growth, affecting the community dynamics. In this study, we explored how the tree allometric relationship is altered along in the succession of a tropical forest. We measure stem diameter (SD), total height (H), crown volume (CV) of juvenile, and adult trees in areas of 7–17, 20–30, 35–55, and > 80 years of Atlantic Forest in Brazil. The study was carried out for the community (all individuals were considered) and population (the most abundant species). We tested allometric relationships between H, SD and CV with the standardized major axis function. The results indicate that, in general, successional gradient establishes conditions that affect the way resources are invested in trees, despite variations among the type of allometric relationship, the ontogenetic phase, the successional stage and species considered. There are tendencies in individuals becoming taller, and proportionally, with crowns less voluminous along the succession. Variations in height, stem diameter and crown investment along the successional gradient suggest that shade tolerance is the main driver affecting the ontogenetic niche and shaping tree allometry. These results suggest that the successional age and the ontogeny of the individuals affect plant dynamics, and possibly, the coexistence of the species.
    Keywords adults ; allometry ; ecological succession ; juveniles ; ontogeny ; shade tolerance ; trees ; tropical forests ; Brazil
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 439-449.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 90595-1
    ISSN 1432-2285 ; 0931-1890
    ISSN (online) 1432-2285
    ISSN 0931-1890
    DOI 10.1007/s00468-021-02219-3
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Habitat amount is a driver for biodiversity, but not for the carbon stock in post-logging natural regenerating areas in Tropical Atlantic Forest

    Capellesso, Elivane Salete / da Rosa, Carolina Machado / Magnago, Luiz Fernando Silva / Marques, Renato / Marques, Marcia C.M.

    Biological conservation. 2022 July 20,

    2022  

    Abstract: Natural regeneration has been considered an important strategy for improving large-scale forest restoration to revert the losses resulting from the fragmentation of tropical landscapes in recent years. However, local, regional, and spatial factors can ... ...

    Abstract Natural regeneration has been considered an important strategy for improving large-scale forest restoration to revert the losses resulting from the fragmentation of tropical landscapes in recent years. However, local, regional, and spatial factors can influence the dynamics of regeneration, thereby affecting its efficiency. We investigated how time after disturbance, landscape characteristics, and climate gradients affect the efficiency of natural regeneration in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We searched for studies that addressed the post-logging regenerating of forests throughout the biome. For each included study, we extracted the forest age, species richness, and basal area (used as an estimate of carbon). Additionally, for each studied site (total 100 sites) we used land use maps to extract the landscape metrics and obtained bioclimatic variables from the global dataset. Further, we used forest age, landscape metrics, and bioclimatic variables to build models and predict forest species richness and carbon stock. Our results showed that species richness was positively affected by habitat amount (evaluated through patch area and perimeter-area ratio), isothermality, and forest age. Carbon stock was positively affected only by the forest age. These findings show that natural regeneration will yield the best results in terms of conserving the biodiversity among landscapes with a large number of habitats. Conversely, a landscape with a predominance of mature forest will be more efficient as carbon stock. We conclude that, when planning the restoration of large-scale landscapes, natural regeneration must be considered along with other strategies to ensure that multiple objectives are achieved.
    Keywords carbon ; carbon sinks ; climate ; data collection ; ecosystems ; forest restoration ; forests ; habitats ; land use ; landscapes ; natural regeneration ; species richness
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0720
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ISSN 0006-3207
    DOI 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109673
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Landscape conservation as a strategy for recovering biodiversity: Lessons from a long‐term program of pasture restoration in the southern Atlantic Forest

    Cardoso, Fernanda C. G. / Capellesso, Elivane S. / de Britez, Ricardo Miranda / Inague, Gabriel / Marques, Marcia C. M.

    Journal of applied ecology. 2022 Sept., v. 59, no. 9

    2022  

    Abstract: Although ecological restoration has entered the global agenda to reverse different anthropogenic disturbances, we still know little about how this solution interacts with other conservation strategies, to avoid the progressive loss of species and ... ...

    Abstract Although ecological restoration has entered the global agenda to reverse different anthropogenic disturbances, we still know little about how this solution interacts with other conservation strategies, to avoid the progressive loss of species and ecosystem services. Here we evaluate one of the pioneering restoration programs in the southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest, where the combination of conservation and restoration efforts has been carried out for 20 years. Specifically, we tested how landscape characteristics, restoration strategies and environmental characteristics affect the results of the restoration of pastures. We established 65 circular plots (total 4.0 ha) along restoration areas (3–10 years) and sampled trees and shrubs composing the canopy (DBH ≥ 5 cm) and understorey (DBH < 5 cm, height > 1.3 m). We analysed the landscape metrics (proportion of old‐growth forests in 200, 500 and 1,000 m buffers around each plot; and area and distance of the nearest‐neighbouring old‐growth forests). We explored the multiple effects of landscape, restoration strategy (reforestation, natural regeneration) and environmental variables (soil, pasture grass types) on the species composition and multiple diversity metrics of restoration areas. The species composition was very similar among restoration ages and restoration strategies. We found positive and strong effects of old‐growth forest (200 m buffer) proportion on the species richness and Shannon diversity (canopy and understorey), above‐ground biomass (canopy) and functional diversity (understorey) of restoration areas. The restoration strategies affected forest structure, and, in general, the reforestation strategy increased above‐ground biomass, Shannon, functional and phylogenetic diversities (in canopy), and percentage of endemic species and biomass (understorey), when compared to natural regeneration. The 20‐year experience in the southern Atlantic Forest showed that programs focused on landscape conservation associated with a mixture of restoration strategies (i.e. natural regeneration in larger areas and active restoration in more disturbed sites), can be an efficient strategy to ensure biodiversity and ecosystem services in tropical landscapes. Synthesis and applications. To manage degraded tropical lands and achieve global targets for biodiversity and ecosystem services, it is necessary to first ensure the conservation of natural remnants and then use multiple restoration strategies in less resilient areas.
    Keywords aboveground biomass ; applied ecology ; canopy ; ecological restoration ; ecosystems ; functional diversity ; grasses ; indigenous species ; landscape management ; landscapes ; natural regeneration ; old-growth forests ; pastures ; phylogeny ; reforestation ; soil ; species richness ; understory
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-09
    Size p. 2309-2321.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 410405-5
    ISSN 1365-2664 ; 0021-8901
    ISSN (online) 1365-2664
    ISSN 0021-8901
    DOI 10.1111/1365-2664.14240
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: The mechanisms explaining tree species richness and composition are convergent in a megadiverse hotspot

    Zwiener, Victor P / Padial, André A / Marques, Márcia C. M

    Biodiversity and conservation. 2020 Mar., v. 29, no. 3

    2020  

    Abstract: Understanding the drivers of species’ geographic distribution and assembly of communities is one of the most intriguing questions in ecology and has become extremely important in face of global changes. This study aims to assess broad-scale patterns of ... ...

    Abstract Understanding the drivers of species’ geographic distribution and assembly of communities is one of the most intriguing questions in ecology and has become extremely important in face of global changes. This study aims to assess broad-scale patterns of tree species diversity and compare the importance of environmental correlates relative to purely spatial factors in structuring communities in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We compiled abundance data from 2948 species in 117 localities across the entire biome and obtained climatic and soil variables that we hypothesized to be environmental filters. We constructed correlograms for species richness and composition and assessed the relative importance of correlates using spatially explicit generalized additive models coupled with information-theoretic analyses. Variation partitioning was used to infer the relative importance of environmental- and spatial-based hypotheses. Species richness presented positive spatial correlation of ~ 435 km beyond which it became negative and again positive at the furthest distances, whereas compositional turnover showed positive correlation of ~ 435–555 km with decreasing similarity in increasing distances. Climatic variables were important factors correlating with richness patterns, with soil being less important. Species composition was significantly correlated with environmental variables and spatial constraints. The spatial component showed similar amount of explanation in statistical models compared to the environmental component. Our results suggest a combined contribution of environment, stochasticity, and historical-dispersion processes in patterns of biodiversity. More interestingly, a similar set of variables was the better correlates of species richness and composition, indicating convergence of driving factors for both descriptors of plant communities.
    Keywords ecosystems ; forests ; geographical distribution ; soil ; species richness ; trees
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-03
    Size p. 799-815.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 2000787-5
    ISSN 1572-9710 ; 0960-3115
    ISSN (online) 1572-9710
    ISSN 0960-3115
    DOI 10.1007/s10531-019-01910-9
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: Effects of selective logging, fragmentation, and dominance of bamboos on the structure and diversity of Araucaria Forest fragments

    Liebsch, Dieter / Velazco, Santiago José Elías / Mikich, Sandra Bos / Marques, Marcia C.M / Galvão, Franklin

    Forest ecology and management. 2021 May 01, v. 487

    2021  

    Abstract: During the colonisation of the South of Brazil, logging of tree species with high economic value was one of the main economic activities. In this process, almost all Araucaria Forest, one of the forest types of the Atlantic Forest that once covered most ... ...

    Abstract During the colonisation of the South of Brazil, logging of tree species with high economic value was one of the main economic activities. In this process, almost all Araucaria Forest, one of the forest types of the Atlantic Forest that once covered most of this region, was severely fragmented and disturbed. One of the consequences of this disturbance was the population growth of a native bamboo species (Merostachys skvortzovii) that came out of the small patches where it occurred naturally, to dominate the understory of forest fragments. In this study, we evaluated if the fragment size, forest-edge effect, and abundance of bamboos affect forest structure and functional guilds in a region of Araucaria Forest in Parana state, Brazil. We sampled trees (DBH ≥ 4.8 cm) in five fragments (24–270 ha) in two plots (2000 m² each) located at the edge and centre of each one. We analysed the forest structure (species composition and species richness, abundance, and basal area) and estimated the bamboo cover in each plot. We recorded 1743 individuals of 68 tree species in the five analysed patches. The fragments were very similar in floristic composition and structure (species richness, abundance, basal area). The bamboo cover was the main factor affecting forest structure and species guilds distribution, followed by distance from the fragment edge. These results show a simplification of floristic, structural, and functional attributes of Araucaria Forest remnants suggesting that the selective logging followed by fragmentation and native bamboo overabundance are important factors in the imporishment of this endangered biome.
    Keywords Araucaria ; administrative management ; bamboos ; botanical composition ; economic valuation ; ecosystems ; forest ecology ; population growth ; species richness ; trees ; understory ; Brazil
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0501
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 751138-3
    ISSN 0378-1127
    ISSN 0378-1127
    DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118961
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Increased reproductive trait diversity, evolutionary history and distinctiveness during the succession of tropical forest

    Romanowski, Luciele Leonhardt / Zanata, Thais Bastos / Marques, Marcia C. M. / Carlucci, Marcos Bergmann / Varassin, Isabela Galarda

    Journal of vegetation science. 2021 Nov., v. 32, no. 6

    2021  

    Abstract: QUESTIONS: Do old‐growth forests retain more evolutionary history and more reproductive trait diversity along the successional gradient? How similar are the phylogenetic branches and reproductive attributes at each phase? In which succession stages are ... ...

    Abstract QUESTIONS: Do old‐growth forests retain more evolutionary history and more reproductive trait diversity along the successional gradient? How similar are the phylogenetic branches and reproductive attributes at each phase? In which succession stages are distinct lineages of trees and shrubs present? Do distinct lineages have distinct traits? Is there a turnover of species, lineages and traits of trees and shrubs along the successional gradient? LOCATION: Atlantic Forest, Reserva Natural Guaricica (25°19′ S, 45°42′ W) and Reserva Natural das Águas (25°21′ S, 48°46′ W), Antonina, Paraná, southern Brazil. METHODS: We assessed the variation of alpha and beta taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversities of tree and shrub communities along a successional gradient (phase 1, stand initiation phase, from 0 to 9 years old; phase 2, stem exclusion phase, 10–25 years old; and phase 3, understorey re‐initiation phase, 25–200 years old). We also evaluated the occurrence of distinct lineages and traits related to seed dispersal and pollination. RESULTS: In addition to the expected change in species composition, lineages and trait states and values were replaced along the chronosequence, with stronger variation for trees. Old‐growth forests harbor distinct lineages and traits and a greater amount of evolutionary history and functional diversity of reproductive traits. We also found that distinct lineages were those that performed distinct functions. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that as the succession proceeds, turnover of lineages and traits occurred, with the understorey re‐initiation stage harboring the largest taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity. In addition, understories of the re‐initiation stage are important for the occurrence of distinct lineages, such as magnoliids, and of distinct traits, such as large fruits and seeds, which highlights the importance of conservation of old‐growth forests, and its preservation can prevent the loss of distinct evolutionary histories and functions.
    Keywords Antonina ; chronosequences ; functional diversity ; phylogeny ; pollination ; seed dispersal ; shrubs ; species diversity ; trees ; tropical forests ; understory ; Brazil
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-11
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1053769-7
    ISSN 1100-9233
    ISSN 1100-9233
    DOI 10.1111/jvs.13090
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Spatial and temporal structure of diversity and demographic dynamics along a successional gradient of tropical forests in southern Brazil.

    Dalmaso, Cilmar Antônio / Marques, Marcia C M / Higuchi, Pedro / Zwiener, Victor P / Marques, Renato

    Ecology and evolution

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 7, Page(s) 3164–3177

    Abstract: Analysis of the structure, diversity, and demographic dynamics of tree assemblages in tropical forests is especially important in order to evaluate local and regional successional trajectories.We conducted a long-term study to investigate how the ... ...

    Abstract Analysis of the structure, diversity, and demographic dynamics of tree assemblages in tropical forests is especially important in order to evaluate local and regional successional trajectories.We conducted a long-term study to investigate how the structure, species richness, and diversity of secondary tropical forests change over time. Trees (DBH ≥ 5 cm) in the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil were sampled twice during a 10-year period (2007 and 2017) in six stands (1 ha each) that varied in age from their last disturbance (25, 60, 75, 90, and more than 100 years). We compared forest structure (abundance and basal area), species richness, alpha diversity, demographic rates (mortality, recruitment, and loss or gain in basal area), species composition, spatial beta diversity, and temporal beta diversity (based on turnover and nestedness indices) among stand ages and study years.Demographic rates recorded in a 10-year interval indicate a rapid and dynamic process of species substitution and structural changes. Structural recovery occurred faster than beta diversity and species composition recovery. The successional gradient showed a pattern of species trade-off over time, with less spatial dissimilarity and faster demographic rates in younger stands. As stands grow older, they show larger spatial turnover of species than younger stands, making them more stochastic in relation to species composition. Stands appear to split chronologically to some extent, but not across a straightforward linear axis, reflecting stochastic changes, providing evidence for the formation of a nonequilibrium community.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2635675-2
    ISSN 2045-7758
    ISSN 2045-7758
    DOI 10.1002/ece3.5816
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Land-use trade-offs between tree biodiversity and crop production in the Atlantic Forest.

    Marcilio-Silva, Vinícius / Marques, Márcia C M / Cavender-Bares, Jeannine

    Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology

    2018  Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 1074–1084

    Abstract: Trade-offs in ecosystem services (ES) have received increasing attention because provisioning services often come at the expense of biodiversity loss. When land-use patterns are not maximally efficient relative to productivity, provisioning services, ... ...

    Abstract Trade-offs in ecosystem services (ES) have received increasing attention because provisioning services often come at the expense of biodiversity loss. When land-use patterns are not maximally efficient relative to productivity, provisioning services, such as crop production, can often be increased without losing biodiversity. The Atlantic Forest (AF) encompasses dense, mixed, and seasonal forests and has high levels of endemism and anthropogenic threat. We examined trade-offs between biodiversity and crop production in the AF to provide insights into land-use management decisions. We developed a biodiversity metric that combines information on tree species richness, evolutionary distinctiveness, and rarity at the local level. We examined the extent to which the nature of ES trade-offs differ among the 3 forest types. We assessed how annual deforestation rates and land management practices affect biodiversity and agricultural revenues. Finally, we tested whether it is possible to achieve the same total regional revenue without reducing biodiversity by improving local management practices. The 3 forest types had similar patterns in ES trade-offs, although within mixed forest patterns differed. Biodiversity appeared to be more sensitive to land-use change than crop revenues. Certain crops yielded up to 10 times higher values in some sites. Enhanced crop productivity may increase revenues without reducing biodiversity. Our results showed that to enhance human well-being without further conversion of AF, maximizing crop productivity is needed . Increasing efficiency of management outcomes by maintaining higher biodiversity and increasing provisioning services depends on knowledge of forest type, the comparative advantage of planting crops in the best places, and preserving species in a balanced manner across forests.
    MeSH term(s) Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Crop Production ; Ecosystem ; Forests ; Humans ; Trees
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 58735-7
    ISSN 1523-1739 ; 0888-8892
    ISSN (online) 1523-1739
    ISSN 0888-8892
    DOI 10.1111/cobi.13138
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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